How to build a Scalable Cloud Environment to handle 200k requests/second using AWS

You know scaling a cloud environment to handle extremely high traffic volumes—such as 200,000 requests per second—presents significant challenges.?This issue arises from the need to manage enormous amounts of incoming data efficiently while maintaining low latency and high availability. Traditional architectures can easily become overwhelmed, leading to performance bottlenecks, system crashes, and degraded user experiences. Addressing this challenge requires a highly scalable and resilient cloud infrastructure capable of distributing load, ensuring rapid data access, and dynamically adjusting to fluctuating demands.

Well, what we do is implement a robust and scalable architecture using AWS's suite of services.?We deploy?AWS Elastic Load Balancing (ELB)?to distribute incoming requests across multiple servers, preventing any single server from becoming a point of failure.?Amazon CloudFront?is utilized as our Content Delivery Network (CDN) to cache and deliver content closer to users, which reduces latency and alleviates pressure on the origin servers. We also leverage?AWS Auto Scaling, which automatically adjusts the number of instances based on real-time traffic load, ensuring that we can handle peak demands without manual intervention.

In fact, this approach has been proven effective by our recent student application portal, which successfully handles 800,000 students daily.?This portal employs the same AWS technologies, demonstrating our capability to manage massive traffic loads efficiently. Similar to how Netflix and Amazon leverage AWS to maintain performance during peak times, our implementation ensures reliable and responsive service for all users, even under extreme load conditions.

AWS Architecture

• Internet: Users access the web application through their browsers or mobile devices over the internet.

Amazon Route 53:

• DNS Routing: Route 53 acts as the DNS service, directing incoming user traffic to the appropriate resources. It resolves the domain name to the IP address of the Elastic Load Balancer (ALB).

Elastic Load Balancer (ALB):

• Traffic Distribution: The ALB receives incoming traffic from users and distributes it across multiple EC2 instances. This ensures that the load is balanced, and no single instance is overwhelmed. The ALB also provides SSL termination for secure connections.

Auto-Scaling Group:

• EC2 Instances (c6i.4xlarge): The ALB distributes traffic to a group of EC2 instances managed by an Auto-Scaling Group. These instances handle the compute-intensive and I/O-intensive workloads of the application. The Auto-Scaling Group automatically adjusts the number of running instances based on the load, scaling up during peak times and scaling down when the load decreases.

Application Processing:

• EC2 Instances: The EC2 instances process the incoming requests, running the application logic and interacting with the database as needed.

Amazon Aurora MySQL:

• Database Operations: The EC2 instances interact with an Amazon Aurora MySQL database for data storage and retrieval. The setup includes a primary Aurora instance and three read replicas to handle read-heavy operations and provide high availability.

Amazon S3 and CloudFront:

• Static File Storage: Amazon S3 is used for storing static files such as images, videos, and backups.

Content Delivery Network (CDN): CloudFront is integrated with S3 to distribute these static files globally with low latency, ensuring fast content delivery to users.

Virtual Private Cloud (VPC):

• Public and Private Subnets: The VPC is configured with public subnets for the ALB and private subnets for the EC2 instances and Aurora RDS. This segmentation enhances security by isolating the database and application instances from direct internet access.

Security Groups and NACLs: Security groups control inbound and outbound traffic to the instances, while Network ACLs (NACLs) provide an additional layer of security at the subnet level.

Amazon CloudWatch:

• Monitoring and Alerts: CloudWatch monitors all components, collecting metrics such as CPU utilization, memory usage, and network throughput. It provides dashboards and sets up alarms to alert administrators of any performance issues or threshold breaches.
• Logs: CloudWatch Logs collect and store log files from the EC2 instances and other AWS services for auditing and troubleshooting purposes.

Summary:

• Users access the application via the internet.
• Amazon Route 53 directs traffic to the Elastic Load Balancer (ALB).
• The ALB distributes the traffic across EC2 instances within an Auto-Scaling Group.
• EC2 instances process requests and interact with Amazon Aurora MySQL for database operations.
• Amazon S3 stores static files, and CloudFront delivers them globally.
• The entire infrastructure is within a VPC with appropriate subnets, security groups, and NACLs.
• Amazon CloudWatch monitors the system and provides logging and alerting.

This setup ensures high availability, scalability, and performance for your web application, capable of handling up to 200k requests per second with low latency.

#AWSCloud #CloudScaling #AutoScaling #ElasticLoadBalancing #CloudComputing #HighTrafficManagement