How to begin.

How do I begin?

That isn't a philosophical or a psychological dilemma. It’s a practical question. How do I begin my conversation? How do I respond to an argument? How do I open my presentation or start my pitch??

We build first impressions blisteringly quickly, and our minds wander.

Turns out, we pay attention like misers in a recession — sparingly. Our brain doesn’t brighten a light on things of interest; it lowers the lights on everything else. Researchers have found a filter circuit that controls our attention. The Thalamus. This filter automatically resets about four times a second.

In trying to get any message through, we’re competing against blinking neural circuits designed to wander.?

We’re competing against noise .

Let me begin again.

Sooner or later, we face a challenge. The big presentation. A pitch to investors or prospects. A moment on the main stage. A report to colleagues or a speech in front of friends.

Whatever the reason, how do you start? is a tricky question.

Done well; you have people leaning forward and interested. Done badly, you have people leaning back, bored.

There’s a secret structure to any good communication.

When we build presentations on behalf of clients or create learning programs or help product and commercial managers tell their story, we think of a structure that contains three elements. A Hook. The Meat. And a Payoff.

The Hook.

This is how you start. It’s a way to give the audience a sense of what’s coming, to capture their attention and interest.

The Meat.

This is how you organize the bulk of your presentation. It’s the narrative structure that holds it together. For the audience, it’s an easily digestible set of chunks that present a logical sequence of information.

The Payoff.

This is how you end. Here you're summarizing the key points of your argument. It’s the call that invites your audience to participate. The close that moves people to take action. It’s the payoff for your hook.

A boring Hook.

Ask yourself if you have done this before. In preparation for the big presentation, you’ve opened up PowerPoint and started writing. A title. The title slide contains not just the title but, helpfully, your name, the date, and the company you work for.

An outline with an agenda. The topics you want to cover. Your title and agenda slide then become, inadvertently, your Hook.?

This is possibly the worst way to start a presentation.

A billion-dollar Hook.

Writers and creative types spend a lot of time thinking about beginnings.? They know it's important to get their audience hooked. They will spend hours writing and re-writing the opening line or scene to make sure they have it right.? You can learn a lot from the first line of a book or the opening of a movie.

Fifty years ago, movies all began the same way. Big title, stirring music, then the opening credits. The long list of people starring in, directing, and making that movie. That’s the movie equivalent of the title slide and agenda. They don’t open that way anymore. They open with a bang.

My favorite example is Star Wars. I was eleven years old, and I remember the excitement of queuing up to see the movie everyone was talking about. At the time, I didn’t know much about it.

As I settled in, the opening line appeared on the screen, “a long time ago in a galaxy far, far away.” Wait. Hold on. That doesn't make sense. If it's a science fiction movie, then shouldn't it be in the future?

Now I'm leaning forward.? Just then, a huge spaceship rumbles overhead.? I've never seen anything like it. Then the sounds of gunfire as an even bigger spaceship rumbles into view.

With that opening, George Lucas set a hook worth billions of dollars.

How to set your Hook.

It’s fair to say that while your big presentation might be important, it’s not a major feature film. You don’t have the time or resources of George Lucas. So how do you start?

We analyzed the top-rated presentations. Presentations that were rated “Inspiring,” “Funny,” “Fascinating,” and “Jaw-Dropping.” We didn’t find any that started with an Agenda. We didn’t find any that started with that old standby — a quote. Instead, we found seven hooks, used over and over again.

Anecdote.

The most popular type of hook is a quick story. A relevant, often amusing, retelling of an incident or experience. This humanizes you as a speaker. Even a story of failure can often lend credibility to you on the subject. It’s a bit of framing that can go a long way. You become more relatable to the audience, which allows your message to get through.

Jill Bolte Taylor: My stroke of insight | TED Talk

Video or Graphic.

Some pictures say a thousand words. They can grab your audience at the same time. If you have powerful visuals that capture the theme of your presentation, use them. Instead of telling the audience how a new product works, show them. Humans have excellent imaginations, but sometimes it’s easier to do the work for your audience.

Blaise Agüera y Arcas: How PhotoSynth can connect the world's images | TED Talk

Belief statement.

This is a pithy statement that captures your views on the topic. Done well, it entices the audience to come on a journey with you. We all have our opinions, and hearing someone who agrees or disagrees with them will always grab our attention. Use it as your hook!

Richard Dawkins: Militant atheism | TED Talk

Intriguing structure.

Layout the highs and lows of your story. Talk about the path you will follow. Done well, it can add a sense of drama. With everyone on the same page, all focus will be on the task at hand.

Benjamin Zander: The transformative power of classical music | TED Talk

Humor.

Not an easy task, but if you’ve got a good — relevant — funny story or joke in your arsenal, use it. Warning: it’s difficult to pull off. In the right hands, it’s a mixture of provocation and surprise wrapped together and delivered well.

Sir Ken Robinson: Do schools kill creativity? | TED Talk

Rhetorical Question.

If you want your audience to participate, why wouldn’t you ask them a question?? Rhetorical questions work as people ask the question of themselves. It’s a way to get people engaged from the outset.

Simon Sinek: How great leaders inspire action | TED Talk

Provocative Statement

Use this one with caution.? The edgier, kissing cousin of the belief statement, it’s a stimulating point of view that sets the tone for your presentation.

Jane McGonigal: The game that can give you 10 extra years of life | TED Talk

What’s your hook?

Next time you prepare for the big presentation, don’t just open up PowerPoint and start typing. Think about your audience. Spend time on the opening. Think about how you set the context and get people “hooked.”

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What do you think?

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Gavin .

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Worth the time.

Rose Fass 's new book is here.?The Leadership Conversation - Make Bold Change, One Conversation At A Time.?Click here ?to find out more.

Shane Snow discusses storytelling and the brain , and why the story about humans having the attention span of a goldfish is B.S.

Check out Maryanne Spatola 's The Office is Dead, Now What? A Post-Pandemic Field Guide for Leadership .