HOSPITAL ISOLATION ROOM HVAC SYSTEM DESIGN

Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system is?designed to achieve the environmental requirements of the comfort of occupants and a process. HVAC systems are more used in different types of buildings such as industrial, commercial, residential and institutional buildings.

Types of Isolation Rooms

Airborne Infection Isolation (AII) Rooms:

? Used to reduce the spread of airborne infectious diseases (TB) from the patient in the AII Room to the rest of the hospital.

? Most common type seen in hospitals

Protective Isolation/Environment Rooms :

• Used to protect the patient (typically an immune suppressed patient) in the protective environment from common environmental airborne infectious microbes.
• Less common than AII

Convertible Isolation Rooms:

• Rooms that can be converted from an AII Room (negative) to a Protective Environment Room (positive)
• Out of date concept - not allowed by ASHRAE Standard 170

Combination AII/PE Rooms :

• Used for an immune suppressed patient who has an infectious disease.
• Protects both patient and rest of hospital.

HVAC Design Criteria

Temperature: 70F to 75F

Humidity: 30% rh winter min, 60% rh summer max

Airflow: 12 ach total/ 2 ach OA

Pressure: Negative to adjacent areas

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