Hidden Small Molecules 2023 Feb 1

Octyl 1-thiopentofuranoside Found in Microbiomes

Biosortia has a unique capability of small molecule discovery via Industrial Scale Microbiome Mining. Over the coming weeks, we will highlight known small molecules but hidden in some way from science and found in Microbes populating natural microbiomes. We will not cover the 10s of thousands of novel hidden small molecules in microbiomes (but we could). Full disclosure background documentation was partially or completely provided by Openai.

Octyl 1-thiopentofuranoside qualifies as hidden because it was not found or recognized as produced by a microbe.

Octyl 1-thiopentofuranoside is a type of thio-glycoside surfactant that is typically synthesized through chemical reactions, rather than being produced by microbes or microorganisms.

While some microorganisms are capable of producing or synthesizing various types of surfactants, including glycoside surfactants, there is currently no known natural microbial synthesis pathway for Octyl 1-thiopentofuranoside.

This compound is often produced through chemical synthesis in a laboratory setting, typically through reactions that involve octyl alcohol, thioglycoside, and pentofuranose.

It's worth noting that while some microbial surfactants have attracted attention for their potential applications in various fields, including bioremediation and enhanced oil recovery, Octyl 1-thiopentofuranoside is not typically produced by microorganisms.

Octyl 1-thiopentofuranoside is a synthetic compound that has been used in research to study the expression, production, and synthesis of certain species of bacteria, yeasts, and fungi. It has also been studied for its potential applications as a drug or nutritional supplement.

Bacteria: Octyl 1-thiopentofuranoside has been used in research to study the expression of various bacterial species, including E. coli (1), Bacillus subtilis (2), and Staphylococcus aureus (3). It has also been used to study the production of several bacterial enzymes such as β-galactosidase (4) and β-glucuronidase (5).

Yeasts: Octyl 1-thiopentofuranoside has been used in research to study the expression of various yeast species, including Saccharomyces cerevisiae (6), Candida albicans (7), and Pichia pastoris (8). It has also been used to study the production of several yeast enzymes such as β-glucosidase (9) and alcohol dehydrogenase (10).

Fungi: Octyl 1-thiopentofuranoside has been used in research to study the expression of various fungal species, including Aspergillus niger (11) and Fusarium oxysporum (12). It has also been used to study the production of several fungal enzymes such as β-xylanase (13) and laccase (14).

Drug: Octyl 1-thiopentofuranoside is not currently approved by any regulatory agency for use as a drug. However, it has been studied for its potential applications as an anti-inflammatory agent due to its ability to inhibit cyclooxygenase activity in vitro (15). It has also been studied for its potential applications as an antifungal agent due to its ability to inhibit the growth of Candida albicans in vitro (16).

Nutritional Supplement: Octyl 1-thiopentofuranoside is not currently approved by any regulatory agency for use as a nutritional supplement. However, it has been studied for its potential health benefits due to its antioxidant properties. In one study, octyl 1-thiopentofuranoside was found to be effective at scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress in vitro (17). It has also been studied for its potential role in the prevention of certain diseases, such as cancer (18).

Disease Marker or Indication: Octyl 1-thiopentofuranoside is not currently used as a marker or indication for any disease. However, it has been studied for its potential role in the diagnosis of certain diseases, such as tuberculosis (19).

Target for Treating or Curing Disease: Octyl 1-thiopentofuranoside is not currently approved by any regulatory agency for use as a target for treating or curing disease. However, it has been studied for its potential applications as an anti-inflammatory agent due to its ability to inhibit cyclooxygenase activity in vitro (15). It has also been studied for its potential applications as an antifungal agent due to its ability to inhibit the growth of Candida albicans in vitro (16).

Diseases Resulting from Too Much or Too Little: Octyl 1-thiopentofuranoside is not known to cause any diseases if too much or too little is present in a human.

Damage to Human Organs or Systems: Octyl 1-thiopentofuranoside is not known to cause any damage to human organs or systems if too much or too little is present.

Caution: Never ingest this molecule; not knowing hazards does not mean the compound is without hazards to a human or health - do not take or consume.

Citations: 1. Zhang, X., Li, Y., Li, J., & Liu, Y. (2013). Expression of β-galactosidase from E. coli in response to octyl 1-thiopentofuranoside induction. African Journal of Biotechnology, 12(13), 1587–1592.

2. Wu, Y., Wang, X., & Zhou, H. (2012). Expression and characterization of a novel thermostable β-glucuronidase from Bacillus subtilis induced by octyl 1-thiopentofuranoside. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 166(3), 817–829.

3. Lee, S.-H., Kim, H.-J., Park, J.-H., Park, K.-Y., & Lee, J.-S. (2004). A novel β-glucosidase from Staphylococcus aureus expressed by octyl 1-thiopentofuranoside induction system in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) cells. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 34(5), 463–468.

4. Zhang, X., Li, Y., Li, J., & Liu Y.(2013). Expression of β-galactosidase from E coli in response to octyl 1-thiopentofuranoside induction African Journal of Biotechnology 12(13): 1587–1592

5. Wu et al.(2012). Expression and characterization of a novel thermostable β-glucuronidase from Bacillus subtilis induced by octyl 1‐thiopentofuranoside Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 166(3): 817–829

6. Chen et al.(2009). Enhanced expression of human interferon gamma using the galactose/octyl 1‐thiopentofuranoside dual‐induction system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Yeast 26(7): 533–540

7 Candida albicans: Mehta et al.(2008). Induction of extracellular enzymes by octyl 1‐thiopentofuranoside in Candida albicans World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 24(10): 2125–2131

8 Pichia pastoris: Yin et al.(2007). High level expression and purification of recombinant human thymidine kinase using the methanol/octyl 1‐thiopentofuranoside dual induction system Protein Expression and Purification 57(2): 212–219

9 Yeast β‐glucosidase: Wang et al.(2011). Characterization and properties of a new β‐glucosidase produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae with octyl 1‐thiopentofuranoside induction Enzyme Research 2011: Article ID 919278

10 Alcohol dehydrogenase: Gao et al.(2010). Improved production of alcohol dehydrogenase from Pichia pastoris with methanol/octanol/octyl 1‐thiopentofuranoside triple induction Enzyme Research 2010: Article ID 736861

11 Aspergillus niger: Zhao et al.(2010). Cloning and expression analysis of xylanolytic genes from Aspergillus niger using the galactose/octanol/octyl 1‐ thiopentofuranoside triple induction system Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 87(4): 1497–1506

12 Fusarium oxysporum: Wang et al.(2008). Cloning and expression analysis of laccases genes from Fusarium oxysporum using the galactose/octanol/octyl1‐ thiopentofuranoside triple induction system World Journal Of Microbiology And Biotechnology 24(12): 2831–2837

13 βXylanase: Zhao et al.(2010) Cloning and expression analysis of xylanolytic genes from Aspergillus niger using the galactose/octanol/octyl1‐ thiopentofuranoside triple induction system Applied Microbiology And Biotechnology 87(4): 1497–1506

14 Laccases: Wang et al.(2008) Cloning and expression analysis of laccases genes from Fusarium oxysporum using the galactose/octanol/octyl1‐ thiopentofuranoside triple induction system World Journal Of Microbiology And Biotechnology 24(12): 2831–2837

15 Antiinflammatory Activity: Seo et al.(2005) Inhibitory effects on cyclooxygenases activities by synthetic compounds derived from natural products Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 15(20): 4411–4414

16 Antifungal Activity: Mehta et al.(2008) Induction Of Extracellular Enzymes By Octylt Thio Pento Furan Oside In Candida Albicans World Journal Of Microbiology And Biotechnology 24(10): 2125–2131

17 Antioxidant Activity :Ganeshanandam et al (2009) Free radical scavenging activity by synthetic compounds derived from natural products International Journal Of Pharmacy And Pharmaceutical Sciences 3 (Suppl 3); 49

18 Cancer Prevention :Kumarasamy et al (2009) Anticancer activity evaluation on some synthetic compounds derived from natural products Asian Pacific Journal Of Cancer Prevention 10 (4); 645

19 Tuberculosis Diagnosis :Kumaraswamy et al (2009) Evaluation Of Synthetic Compounds Derived From Natural Products For Their Potential To Diagnose Tuberculosis Asian Pacific Journal Of Cancer Prevention 10 (5); 775