The Hidden Hero: Fire Station Runoff Diversion Systems
Chris Eberly, PE
Vice President of Product Development @ ParkUSA | Water treatment and environmental control systems
In the firefighting world, the fire station serves as a central hub for specialized equipment and vehicles, operating as a base of operations with meticulous maintenance. While the outdoor washing of fire apparatus and equipment is a critical aspect often overlooked, it holds a significant role, particularly within the context of the Circular Water Economy. This article delves into the technical aspects of outdoor equipment washing practices within fire stations, placing a strong emphasis on the environmental significance of runoff diversion systems.
Equipment Washing Benefits
From an engineering standpoint, regular washing of fire equipment is imperative for maintenance and operational readiness. The removal of accumulated dirt, debris, and contaminants is essential to prevent corrosion and mechanical wear. Moreover, clean apparatus allow for more efficient visual inspections and contribute to maintaining the station as a controlled environment, free of cross-contamination, which is paramount for the health of firefighters.
From a safety perspective, clean vehicles improve visibility and light reflection, which can be critical during nighttime operations. This underscores the fire department’s commitment to professionalism and service.
Environmental Risks of Equipment Washing
While equipment washing is essential, it is equally important to address the environmental impacts of wash water runoff. Washing trucks and equipment outdoors without containment strategies can lead to pollutants entering storm drains and subsequently natural water bodies. This necessitates the incorporation of runoff diversion systems.
How a Runoff Diversion System Works
A runoff diversion system is designed to manage wash water runoff effectively. The system operates primarily on the principle of gravity flow, directing the flow of runoff water and separating it into distinct streams for appropriate treatment or disposal.
The initial point of entry for runoff water is typically a catch basin or trench drain. These are engineered structures, designed to capture runoff efficiently. They can also function as primary filters, trapping sediment and larger debris.
Diversion systems can be manually or automatically activated. The latter is usually based on sensors that detect water or other pre-set conditions, initiating the diversion process without human intervention.
Runoff diversion systems generally reside within a below-ground vault. This placement allows for gravity flow, minimizes visual impact, and protects system components, which can include valves, pipes, and controls. Additionally, the choice of actuation for the diversion valves – electrical, hydraulic, or pneumatic – depends on the specific requirements and resource availability of the site.
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Application Design
Engineering a runoff diversion system requires the integration of civil and plumbing design. The civil engineer focuses on site optimization, considering elements such as stormwater drainage and utility connections. The plumbing engineer, on the other hand, works on the building's internal plumbing systems, which include potable water, sanitary drain, waste, and vent systems.
Coordination between civil and plumbing engineering is crucial, as the diversion system can require the intersection of stormwater drainage, sanitary sewer, and potable water systems. Plumbing engineers are often best positioned to specify the diversion system because it meets plumbing codes and regulations.
Choosing a Runoff Diversion System
Selecting a runoff diversion system from a reputable manufacturer with a track record in pre-engineered systems is advisable. Such runoff diversion systems should comply with the plumbing code and industry standards to ensure reliable and environmentally compliant operation.
Installation
Installation often involves civil and plumbing contractors, who must closely coordinate their efforts. The civil contractor typically handles stormwater runoff and drainage installations, while the plumbing contractor deals with the sanitary sewer and potable water plumbing systems.
Conclusion
Outdoor equipment washing is a crucial maintenance practice for fire stations, but it comes with significant environmental considerations that demand careful management. In the pursuit of aligning with the principles of the Circular Water Economy, the implementation of a runoff diversion system emerges as an engineering solution that effectively combines functionality with environmental responsibility. By choosing a dependable and code-compliant system, and by meticulously coordinating the engineering design and installation process, fire departments can maintain their equipment while simultaneously mitigating their environmental footprint. This exemplifies the harmonious integration of engineering ingenuity and environmental stewardship within the realm of public service.
For design assistance, product recommendations, contact Chris Eberly, PE at (832) 244-9408 or [email protected]