????Hakuin Ekaku (白隠 慧鶴, January 19, 1686 – January 18, 1769)& Zen calligraphy????
Krisztina Asztalos
Independent Fine Art Professional - Fine Artist, Art Director/Dtp/Web Graphic Designer, BA/BVA Teacher of Drawing (Graphic Art), Digital Culture and Visual Communication
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Hakuin Ekaku?(白隠 慧鶴, January 19, 1686 – January 18, 1769)?was one of the most influential figures in?Japanese?Zen?Buddhism.?
He is regarded as the reviver of the?Rinzai school?from a moribund period of stagnation, focusing on rigorous training methods integrating?meditation?and?koan?practice.
Lineage
Through Hakuin, all contemporary Japanese Rinzai-lineages are part of the ōtōkan lineage, brought to Japan in 1267 by Nanpo Jomyo, who received dharma transmission in China in 1265.
His principle dharma heir was Tōrei Enji (1721-1792), with whom he reorganized the koan-system, and to whom he presented his robe as a token of recognition.
All contemporary Rinzai-lineages stem from Hakuin, through Gasan Jitō (1727–1797) and his students Inzan Ien (1751–1814) and Takuju Kosen (1760–1833).
Gasan is considered to be a dharma heir of Hakuin, though "he did not belong to the close circle of disciples and was probably not even one of Hakuin's dharma heirs," studying with Hakuin but completing his koan-training with Tōrei Enji.
Calligraphy
An important part of Hakuin's practice of Zen was his painting and?calligraphy. He seriously took up painting only late in his life, at almost age sixty, but is recognized as one of the greatest Japanese Zen painters. His paintings were meant to capture Zen values, serving as sorts of "visual sermons" that were extremely popular among the laypeople of the time, many of whom were?illiterate. Today, paintings of Bodhi Dharma by Hakuin Ekaku are sought after and displayed in a handful of the world's leading museums.
The Death Poem
The?death poem?is a genre of?poetry?that developed in the literary traditions of?East Asian?cultures—most prominently in?Japan?as well as certain periods of?Chinese history?and?Joseon Korea.
They tend to offer a reflection on death—both in general and concerning the imminent death of the author—that is often coupled with a meaningful observation on life.?
The practice of writing a death poem has its origins in?Zen Buddhism. It is a concept or worldview derived from the?Buddhist?teaching of the?three marks of existence?(三法印,?sanbōin), specifically that the material world is transient and?impermanent?(無常,?mujō), that attachment to it causes?suffering?(苦,?ku), and ultimately all reality is an?emptiness or absence of self-nature?(空,?kū).?
These poems became associated with the literate, spiritual, and ruling segments of society, as they were customarily composed by a poet, warrior, nobleman, or?Buddhist?monk.
Written over a large calligraphic character 死?shi, meaning Death, he had written as his?jisei?(death poem):
若い衆や死ぬがいやなら今死にや
一たび死ねばもう死なぬぞや
Wakaishu ya
shinu ga iya nara
ima shiniyare
hito-tabi shineba
mō shinanu zo ya
Oh young folk —
if you fear death,
die now!
Having died once
you won't die again.
领英推荐
Shadow dancing with the mind
THE MONKEY IS REACHING
______________________
The monkey is reaching
For the moon in the water.
Until death overtakes him
He'll never give up.
If he'd let go the branch and
Disappear in the deep pool,
The whole world would shine
With dazzling pureness.
___________________
Hakuin Zenji (1689-1769)
The monkey mind must let go and "disappear into the deep pool" of reality.?
The monkey's fall represents the insight that the way is not attained through effort but through supreme yielding.?
When the mind stops grasping at reflections, when it fades into stillness, only then does the whole world shine "with dazzling pureness."?
In other words, the mind can never grasp enlightenment.?
When it finally gives up and gets out of the way, then enlightenment is discovered to have already come about.
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