Green Hydrogen

Green hydrogen is a type of hydrogen produced through the electrolysis of water using renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power. It is a promising solution for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in various industries such as transportation, power generation, and heating. Green hydrogen is clean and sustainable, producing only water as a by-product, and has the potential to be a key component in the transition to a low-carbon energy system.??

However, the development of green hydrogen faces challenges such as high production costs and limited infrastructure, but as technology advances and demand increases, it is expected to become more widely adopted in the future.?

Classification of Hydrogen??

The Classification of the hydrogen is done based on the carbon emission when we produce the hydrogen.?

Hydrogen is classified into three types: gray, blue, and green.?

Gray Hydrogen: the hydrogen produced by the steam-reforming methane??

Blue Hydrogen: Capturing the produced CO2 from the gray hydrogen.?

Green Hydrogen: Electrolysis or splitting water using renewable energy.?

• Green Hydrogen Market?
• The present market value of Green Hydrogen is $2.79 Billion USD and it will ramp to $89.18 Billion USD as per the precedence research study. The reasons for the high market value of green hydrogen are:??
• Fuel cells are the future of road transportation, and green hydrogen fuels them?
• Green ammonia and green steel production?
• Mitigating the carbon emissions?

• Approximately 70 million metric tons of hydrogen are already produced globally every year for oil refining, ammonia production, steel manufacturing, chemical and fertilizer production, food processing, metallurgy, and more. The demand for hydrogen in the future will rise to around 140 million metric tons by 2030.?
• Because of the dramatic decrease in the cost of renewable energy and the shift toward sustainability, developed and developing countries are setting targets to achieve high levels of green hydrogen production. The market for green hydrogen is rapidly expanding.?
• Green Hydrogen Cost Reduction?
• Currently, green hydrogen is expensive. Green hydrogen presently costs more than $5.3/kg to create, over four times as much as the $1.4/kg cost of grey hydrogen.?

Green hydrogen costs are predicted to decrease drastically due to cost reduction in the cost of renewable electricity and electrolyzers.?

According to the Edison article, the cost of green hydrogen will decrease by 8% every year, and by 2030, the cost of green hydrogen will be 43% of the present cost.??

Green hydrogen will be less expensive than grey hydrogen by 2050.?

Country-wise targets on green hydrogen?

Towards the movement of green hydrogen, countries setting goals on green hydrogen production like America aimed to produce 10MTA by 2030 and 50MTA by 2050 and India aims to produce 5MTA by 2030.?

The estimated demand for green hydrogen is around 500–680 million MT by 2050. The cost of green hydrogen is expected to fall dramatically in the future, with a predicted range of $0.7–$1.6 per kg.?

However, in the short term countries have different plans to incentivize green hydrogen production. e.g. US has a 45Q tax credit.?

For initial H2 projects, early government action coupled with strong private-sector backing is needed.?

Challenges in Scaling the Green Hydrogen?

Green hydrogen is produced by splitting water using electricity produced from renewable sources e.g. wind power and solar.??

Green hydrogen is key in decarbonization and energy transition with some serious challenges/opportunities.?

1. High production costs: Electrolyzers are driving the costs coupled with their low lifetime (<5-years).?

2. High-pressure storage: To get too competitive energy density, hydrogen has to be compressed to high pressures and this step is energy intensive.?

3. Transfer network: Existing gas pipelines cannot be used because of hydrogen embrittlement. Currently, the hydrogen pipeline infrastructure is not sufficient.??

4. Solution for cars: To use hydrogen gas or fuel cells in cars, there is a need to minimize weight and cost.?

5. Safety: Wide flammability range detonation level and low ignition energy, makes hydrogen safety during production, storage, and transmission critical.?

Despite the challenges of green hydrogen scaling, companies are working on solutions to overcome them. The market for green hydrogen has grown enormously, and governments are looking to expand it even further through incentives. By 2050, the majority of transportation will rely on green hydrogen as a fuel for fuel cells.??

A series of posts that we have released on green hydrogen is more concerned with the present and future market of green hydrogen.?

Follow iOG Solutions for more information on green hydrogen.?