The greatest achievements of China in 2020

Ukraine and China are actively cooperating within the subcommittee on scientific and technological development of the Commission for Cooperation between the Government of Ukraine and the Government of the People's Republic of China. 49 research projects in the areas of ICT, energy, rational use of natural resources, new technologies and disease prevention were successfully executed. The subcommittee also supports cooperation in the framework of the "One Belt One Road" initiative in such areas as joint research, mobility of scientific personnel, information exchange, promotion of high-tech industries, etc.

Suggestions for the formulation of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) of national economic and social development and long-term goals for 2035 were adopted at the fifth plenary session of the 19th CCP Central Committee. They emphasize that China will adhere to the central role of innovation in its modernization process, putting the independence and self-strengthening of science and technology at the forefront of all planning tasks and concluding special measures. This time, arrangements with clear strategies and pragmatic approaches will set the course for the evolution of science and technology in China.

The greatest achievements of China in 2020 in the field of scientific development are really remarkable:

Chinese biologists were the first in the world have developed an atlas of human cells. The findings of the study were published on the website of the journal Nature. A new breakthrough in the direction of mapping all cells in the human body has been made by a scientific group led by Professor Guo Gojia of the Zhejiang University Medical Institute. In their study, the scientists used a proprietary platform called Microwell-seq, designed to quickly determine the RNA sequence. In their study, the research team sequenced individual cells from 60 tissue samples from the human body and compiled an atlas of cells from both the embryo and the adult.

China's first nuclear power unit using Hualong One technology, a domestically developed third-generation reactor design, was connected to the grid. Upon connection, Unit 5 of the Fuqing Nuclear Power Plant of the China National Nuclear Corporation started generating electricity in Fuqing city, southeast China's Fujian province.All the technical indicators of the unit have met the designed requirements and the unit is functioning well, laying a solid foundation for its subsequent commercial operation, said Zhao Hao, the plant's general manager.He added that the successful connection will help improve the competitiveness of China's nuclear power industry, improve the country's energy mix and promote its low-carbon development. Hualong One, one of the world's most advanced nuclear power reactor designs, has a designed lifespan of 60 years. It features 177 reactor cores, which will be replaced every 18 months and meets the highest international safety standards.At present, a total of six nuclear power units using Hualong One technology are under construction both in China and overseas.

China's new deep-sea manned submersible "Fendouzhe" (meaning "striver" in Chinese), descended 10,909 meters into the Mariana Trench on Nov. 10 and returned to south China's Hainan province setting a new national deep-sea diving record. A joint operation of the manned submersible and its deep-sea lander was carried out at a depth of 10,000 meters. The operation, the first of its kind in the world, was also livestreamed. In order to achieve the goal of deep-sea exploration, multiple breakthroughs have been achieved in the process of developing Fendouzhe, including in such fields as anti-water pressure structure, titanium alloy manufacturing, welding techniques, buoyancy materials and lithium batteries. The record-setting dive signals a significant step forward by China in manned deep-sea exploration technology and equipment as well as its improvement of independent innovation, which will further the country's efforts in unveiling deep-sea mysteries and protecting marine resources.

The return capsule of China's Chang'e-5 lunar probe touched down on Earth. On board were the country's first samples collected from an extraterrestrial body, as well as the first samples from the lunar surface in over four decades. The Chang'e-5 mission was one of the most challenging and complicated journeys in China's aerospace history. The probe, comprising of an orbiter, lander, ascender and returner, was launched on Nov. 24 and retrieved 1,731 grams of moon samples after a 23-day space journey. During its voyage, the probe completed several difficult tasks, including the first lift-off from an extraterrestrial body, the first rendezvous and docking in lunar orbit, and the first high-speed re-entry with samples into the Earth's atmosphere.

China's self-constructed and independently operated BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) was officially put into service worldwide on Jul. 31, 2020, opening a new chapter in China's high-quality global navigation service. China completed construction of the BDS with the launch of the system's final satellite, making the BDS China's largest space system with the broadest coverage, best service performance and closest connection with the lives of the people. China began building the navigation system in the 1990s and has formulated a three-step development strategy. Construction of BDS-1 was completed in 2000, making China the third country in the world to own an independent global navigation satellite system. The deployment of the BDS-2 was finished in 2012, providing positioning, navigation and timing services to users across the Asia-Pacific region. The 26-year journey of developing the BDS once again attests to the "Chinese speed and accuracy.

China Electronics Corporation (CEC) unveiled its new operating system Kylin V10 at an event in the southern Chinese city of Guangzhou on Aug. 13."Kylin V10 is a new-generation operating system developed independently by CEC's Kylinsoft. With its top-ranking security level in China, Kylin V10 is a witness to the leapfrog development of the country's homegrown operating system," said Kong Jinzhu, executive president of Kylinsoft. According to Kong, the operating system features many of the CEC's latest technologies, highlighting in-built protection, mobile integration, high performance, rich ecosystem, improved user experience, and cloud interconnection. Highly reliable third-party evaluations have proven its outstanding performance. For instance, its performance increased by 593.1% when running on the FT-2000+/64 server, 52.9% on the FT-2000/4 desktop, and 19% and 63.7% respectively on the Kunpeng 920 server and desktop. At present, the new operating system is compatible with more than 10,000 hardware and software products, including CPUs, firmware, databases, cloud platforms, big data and app systems, produced by over 1,000 companies.