Git Cheatsheet

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Git is a powerful version control system widely used in software development. Understanding the key commands and concepts can significantly enhance your workflow and productivity. Here is a comprehensive Git cheatsheet covering all major topics:

- git init: Initialize a new Git repository in your current directory. This sets up the necessary files and structures for Git to start tracking changes.

- git clone [URL]: Clone an existing repository from a remote URL to your local machine. This creates a local copy of the repository with its full history.

- git status: Check the status of your working directory and staging area. This command shows which files are staged, unstaged, and untracked.

- git add [file]: Stage changes to a specific file for the next commit. You can also use git add . to stage all changes in the directory.

- git commit -m "message": Commit the staged changes to the repository with a descriptive message. This creates a new snapshot of the project history.

- git push [remote] [branch]: Push your local commits to the remote repository on the specified branch. This updates the remote repository with your latest changes.

- git pull [remote] [branch]: Fetch and integrate changes from the remote repository to your local branch. This command combines git fetch and git merge.

- git branch: List all branches in your repository. Adding -a shows both local and remote branches.

- git checkout [branch]: Switch to a different branch in your repository. You can also use this command to create a new branch with -b.

- git merge [branch]: Merge the specified branch into your current branch. This integrates changes from one branch into another.

- git log: View the commit history of your repository. You can use various options like --oneline to simplify the output.

- git diff: Show the differences between various commits, working directory, and staging area. This helps in reviewing changes before committing.

- git reset [commit]: Reset your current branch to a specific commit. This command can modify the staging area and working directory based on the options used.

- git stash: Temporarily save changes that you don’t want to commit immediately. You can apply them later using git stash apply.

- git remote: Manage your set of tracked repositories. Use git remote -v to list all remotes with their URLs.

- git fetch [remote]: Download objects and refs from another repository without merging them into your current branch.

- git rebase [branch]: Reapply commits on top of another base tip. This can be used to keep your feature branch up-to-date with the latest changes from the main branch.

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Mastering Git commands is crucial for efficient version control and collaboration in software development. This cheatsheet covers essential commands to help you initialize, clone, track changes, manage branches, and handle remote repositories. By familiarizing yourself with these commands, you can streamline your workflow and enhance your productivity, ensuring smooth and effective project management.