GIS in Statistics

Statistical information, which is the primary resource of the government, has played a more and more important part than ever before in this information age. Its essentiality for data-analyzing and decision-making has been widely acknowledged. The requirements of today’s statistics are challenging the traditional ways. The new trend to combine statistic information with geographic information is arising, which leads to a more convenient way to grasp the correlation between the entities in spatial perspective. A geographic information system (GIS) is a system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of geographically referenced data. In the simplest terms, GIS is the merging of cartography, statistical analysis, and database technology. Geographic information systems are widely used in many areas including government, tourist information, education, environmental information, engineering, marketing, etc. The geographical information technology makes it possible to display the statistical information on a map.

With the aid of computer technology and GIS platform, the geodatabase that combines statistical data and geographical data can be built. Statistical data can be viewed on a map. This visualization provides a better way for the agencies to interpret the connections between the data, dig out the things behind the data so as to make further effective movements.

GIS technology has its own unique features, and when these features are combined with traditional statistical technology, it pinpoints a new prospect to lead the industry by the way of using GIS technology to help find the useful information from the numerous dispersive statistical data.?

Digital Management of Census Survey

In the past, economic census survey is often a headache for the staffs who in charge of it. It requests a huge amount of expense and a lot of labor force. The main problem of the traditional way of census-taking is that census enumerators have to use the hand sketch to do the work such as the drawing and dividing of census area. It's hard to unify the standard and the method of the drawing. The problems come out when combining the separated maps into a whole one: It may not be well connected; some maps may not meet the accuracy requirements, there may be overlapping areas or missed areas. These problems make the survey difficult to get satisfactory results. Another issue worth considering is that hand sketches are hard to store and reuse and it wastes resources.

With GIS technology, everything is different. Based on the electronic map, the dividing of census area would be much easier; the accurate border can avoid overlapping or missing areas. The erections and borders could be plotted on the electronic map. The expenses and resources could be predicted; the responsibility and workload of each census enumerator could be specified.

Compared to traditional way, economic census with GIS is a great advancement in technology. The system improves the precision, makes the resources reusable, consequently saves a lot of capital and labor force, it contributes to lower cost and higher efficiency.

The Visualization of Statistical Data

In this society with rapidly developed information technology, traditional way of displaying the data with text is far from the actual needs. Statistical GIS integrates the statistical data such as population, unit into GIS, making it possible to display the table data in the form of graph based on geographical information. It's intuitive and direct to display the data, it helps to realize the connections and causes underneath the data. The GIS data can be easy distributed to government agencies, intuitions and public by the form of website or CD, improving the value of Statistical GIS data.

Advance Way to Query and Analyze

More complicated ways of queries can be used based on GIS technology, e.g. query by region, query by indicator, query by group, query by time, fuzzy query, etc. What's more, statistical data and map can be connected to each other directly. You can get a location on the map with the corresponding statistic data. GIS offers types of analysis, e.g. buffer analysis, neighborhood analysis, correlation analysis, etc. You can also specify any spatial range to do the query. Statistical analysis model can be integrated into GIS seamlessly, e.g. Q-type fuzzy cluster analysis, statistical sampling model, etc. and the result can be visualized on the map easily.

Aid for Industry Planning and Decision Making

The GIS technology makes it possible to display and analyze the units, macro economic and population based on geographical space framework. It shows the statistical data in a more intuitive way, which is of great help to understand the distribution and the connections between each other. The conclusion can be a very useful reference to judge how distribution affects different areas, and plays a great role in further planning and adjustment of industry.

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