Getting to Know ADHD Better

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, commonly known as ADHD, is a condition where there is a disruption in the development of the nervous system, affecting a person's motor skills. ADHD is usually experienced by children, but it's not uncommon for adults to have it as well. Symptoms/behaviors typically appear before the age of 7 and persist for at least 6 months. In children, there are usually 6 symptoms, while in adults, there are typically 5 symptoms. When a child starts school, it becomes easier to identify their behavior both at home and in school. ADHD is divided into two groups:

1. Inattentive: Individuals with this type usually struggle with focus, are easily distracted, prone to carelessness, and often forget things like their writing materials. This forgetfulness happens frequently and can affect their academic performance and grades. Interestingly, children with ADHD often have average or above-average intelligence, so they have the potential to excel academically.
2. Hyperactive-impulsive: This type is characterized by excessive movements and speech. For example, children with ADHD may have difficulty waiting in line, climbing on furniture, being unable to stay still, disrupting others, or biting toys, among other things.

As parents, we can detect ADHD at home by checking the child's attention span (multiply the child's age by 3 minutes). If their attention span falls within the expected range, it may not indicate ADHD. Interestingly, children with ADHD can exhibit intense focus on activities they enjoy, such as playing with Legos. However, they may struggle to concentrate on other tasks and easily get distracted. It's important for parents to also monitor the child's developmental milestones. If there are any delays or signs pointing to ADHD, it is advisable to seek consultation with experts such as doctors, psychologists, and psychiatrists.

During the assessment by professionals, various aspects will be observed, including attention span, intelligence tests, interviews with parents and teachers (if the child is already in school), school observations, and interviews with the child (if they are capable of communication). This means that ADHD cannot be diagnosed haphazardly; it requires expertise and consideration of multiple parameters.

If a child is diagnosed with ADHD before starting school, it does not necessarily mean they need to attend Special Needs Schools. Instead, parents can enroll them in inclusive schools that cater to students with special needs. Children with ADHD often do not have any issues related to their intellectual capabilities, allowing them to attend regular schools with inclusive settings. It is advisable for teachers to be aware of their students with ADHD so that they can provide appropriate teaching and support.

It is also helpful for classmates to be informed about ADHD so they can be understanding and accommodating, rather than intervening, as children with ADHD often struggle with social interaction due to difficulties in self-control.

Providing concise instructions that are easily understood can be beneficial. If a child is having difficulty focusing, starting the learning process by incorporating activities they enjoy can help capture their attention. If they have trouble staying still while studying, allowing them some playtime in the playground before starting the lesson can be helpful. Teachers should also take note of the child's preferences, such as their favorite characters, toys, songs, etc., to redirect their attention and facilitate focused learning.

To all the parents out there, stay strong! It may not be easy to accept this condition, but remember that every child is unique and special, entrusted by God to special parents like you.