Geopolitical games, necessary communication, and official development assistance

Terms to note from today’s PRC Ministry of Foreign Affairs press conference

• 必要沟通 / necessary communication?

Today’s quote:

- 中美之间保持着必要沟通。但是美方如果一边说要沟通，一边不择手段打压遏制中国，对中方官员、机构和企业实施制裁，这样的沟通诚意和意义何在？中方一贯坚决反对有关非法单边制裁，已向美方表明严正立场。美方应立即撤销制裁，采取实际行动为对话沟通扫清障碍、营造氛围、创造有利条件。?

China and the US maintain necessary communication. However, now the US says it wants to speak to the Chinese side while seeking to suppress China through all possible means and impose sanctions on Chinese officials, institutions and companies. Is there any sincerity in and significance of any communication like this? China always firmly opposes illegal unilateral sanctions and has made clear its stern position to the US side. The US side should immediately lift sanctions and take concrete actions to remove obstacles, create favorable atmosphere and conditions for dialogue and communication.?

Previous PRC history of the term:

- 中美之间保持着必要沟通。我们认为，沟通的价值和意义在于增进理解、管控分歧，不能为沟通而沟通。美方应当拿出诚意，同中方相向而行，以实际行动推动中美关系重返正轨。?

China and the US maintain necessary communication. We believe that the value and significance of communication lies in enhancing mutual understanding and managing differences. Communication should not be carried out for the sake of communication. The US side should show sincerity, work with China to take concrete actions to help bring China-US relations back to the right track.?

- 中美双方保持着必要沟通，关键是要通过冷静、专业、克制的方式妥善处理这次因不可抗力导致的意外情况。?

China and the US have maintained necessary communication. What is important is to properly handle this unexpected situation caused by force majeure in a calm, professional and restrained manner.?

• 地缘政治博弈 / geopolitical game?

Today’s quote:

- 中方对有关各方同巴新等太平洋岛国开展正常交往和平等互利合作不持异议。我们一贯主张，国际社会应当更多关注和支持岛国的经济发展和民生改善，多做有利于地区和平、发展和稳定的事情。商签任何合作文件，都应该有助于实现这一目标。需要警惕的是以合作之名搞地缘政治博弈。 同时我们也认为，任何合作都不应当针对第三方。?

China is not opposed to countries’ efforts to grow ties with Papua New Guinea and other Pacific Island countries. We always advocate that the international community should give more attention and support to the economic development and improvement of people’s well-being in island countries and do more things that could contribute to regional peace, development and stability. The negotiation and signing of any cooperation document should help realize this goal. We should be on alert particularly for geopolitical games under the pretext of cooperation. At the same time, we also believe that any cooperation should not target at any third party.?

Previous PRC history of the term:

- 我们决不允许一些势力为维系自身霸权企图将亚太地区再次变成地缘政治博弈的“竞技场”。?

We will never allow any forces to turn the Asia-Pacific into an arena of geopolitical games once again to maintain their dominance.?

• 东南亚友好合作条约 / Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia, TAC?

Today’s quote:

- 今年是习近平主席提出建设更为紧密的中国—东盟命运共同体10周年，也是中国加入《东南亚友好合作条约》20周年，中国东盟合作迎来新契机。双方将通过此次磋商，回顾与展望中国—东盟全面战略伙伴关系、特别是双方领导人共识的落实情况，深化政治安全、经贸、社会人文、农业和粮食安全等各领域务实合作，为地区稳定与发展注入更多正能量。?

This year marks the tenth anniversary of President Xi’s proposition of fostering a closer community with a shared future for China and ASEAN and the 20th anniversary of China’s joining the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia (TAC). This will present new opportunities for China-ASEAN cooperation. At this Consultation, the two sides will take stock and look to future growth of the China-ASEAN comprehensive strategic partnership, especially with regard to delivering on the common understandings between the leaders of the two sides, and deepening practical cooperation in areas of political security, trade and economy, social, cultural and people-to-people exchange, agriculture and food security. Together the two sides can provide more positive energy for stability and development of the region.?

Previous PRC history of the term:

- 今年是中印尼建立全面战略伙伴关系10周年，也是习近平主席提出建设更为紧密的中国—东盟命运共同体10周年和中国加入《东南亚友好合作条约》20周年，恰逢印尼担任东盟轮值主席国。?

This year marks the tenth anniversary both of the establishment of the China-Indonesia comprehensive strategic partnership and of President Xi’s proposition of fostering a closer community with a shared future for China and ASEAN. China and ASEAN will also mark the 20th anniversary of China’s joining the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia (TAC) with Indonesia serving as the rotating chair of ASEAN this year.?

• 二十国集团缓债倡议 / G20 Debt Service Suspension Initiative, DSSI?

Today’s quote:

- 中国高度重视债务可持续性问题，始终尽己所能帮助发展中国家缓解债务负担。根据有关研究机构的报告，中国在二十国集团（G20）缓债倡议框架下贡献的缓债额度超过G7国家的总和。?

China attaches high importance to the issue of debt sustainability and has been helping fellow developing countries to ease their debt burdens to the best of its capability. According to the report by a relevant research institution, China has contributed as much as 63 percent of the total debt payments suspended under the G20’s Debt Service Suspension Initiative (DSSI), more than the G7 countries combined.?

Previous PRC history of the term:

- 面对发展中国家面临的困难，我们始终感同身受，伸出援手。中国全面落实二十国集团缓债倡议，缓债总额在G20共同框架中贡献最大。?

Whenever a developing country encountered difficulties, China has reached out to them with a helping hand and shown empathy. China has implemented the G20’s Debt Service Suspension Initiative (DSSI) in all respects and contributed the largest deferral amount under the G20 Common Framework.?

- 中方全面落实二十国集团缓债倡议，是最大贡献方。相较之下，债权占比最大的西方商业债权人和多边机构以维护自身信用评级为借口，始终拒绝参与有关缓减债行动，未对缓解发展中国家债务负担作出可比贡献。?

China has been implementing the G20 Debt Service Suspension Initiative and the biggest contributor to the effort. By contrast, Western commercial creditors and multilateral institutions, who hold the biggest share of debts, claimed they need to maintain their credit rating and have thus refused to be part of the effort and failed to make proportionate contributions to relieving the debt burden of developing countries.?

- 近日，英国慈善机构“债务正义”发布报告，引用世界银行、国际货币基金组织等机构数据，认为非洲国家借自西方私人金融机构的债务是借自中国债务的三倍，利率是中国的两倍，呼吁西方国家敦促私人金融机构参与二十国集团缓债倡议。?

According to research released recently by UK-based charity Debt Justice, citing data from the World Bank and the IMF, African governments owe three times more debt to Western private lenders than to China, and are charged double the interest. Debt Justice calls on Western countries to compel private lenders to take part in the G20’s debt relief scheme.?

- 中国积极参与并落实二十国集团缓债倡议，已宣布77个有关发展中国家暂停债务偿还。?

China has actively participated in and acted upon the Debt Service Suspension Initiative of the G20. It has so far announced the suspension of debt repayments from 77 developing countries.?

• 反导条约 / Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems, Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, ABM Treay (shortening of 反弹道导弹条约 fǎn tán dào dǎo dàn tiáo yuē)?

Today’s quote:

- 美国拥有世界最大、最先进核武库，却顽固坚持首先使用核武器政策，投入巨资升级“三位一体”核力量，退出《反导条约》《中导条约》等军控条约，大肆推进战略力量的前沿部署，并向无核武器国家扩散武器级高浓铀。?

The US possesses the biggest and most advanced nuclear arsenal in the world, but it obstinately insists on a policy of first use of nuclear weapons, invests heavily in upgrading its “nuclear triad”, withdraws from agreements on arms control including the Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems and the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, seeks to forward-deploy strategic forces and spreads weapons-grade highly-enriched uranium to non-nuclear weapon states.?

Previous PRC history of the term:

- 近年来，美方为维护自身绝对安全和绝对军事优势，在军控和防扩散领域毁约退群，陆续退出《反导条约》《中导条约》等军控条约，持续推进部署全球反导系统，谋求在欧洲和亚太地区部署陆基中导，并通过与澳大利亚开展核潜艇合作等方式推动构建极具冷战色彩的“小圈子”，对国际军控体系产生严重消极影响。?

In recent years, to ensure its absolute security and military superiority, it has pulled itself out of several international treaties on arms control and non-proliferation, including the Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems (ABM Treaty) and the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty. Moreover, the US has consistently pushed the deployment of anti-missile systems worldwide, sought to deploy land-based intermediate-range missiles in Europe and Asia-Pacific, and formed the Cold War-like "cliques" through multiple ways such as the nuclear submarine cooperation with Australia. Its actions have exerted extremely adverse effects on the international arms control system.?

- 不仅如此，美国先后退出《反导条约》《中导条约》等军控法律文书，拒绝批准《全面禁核试条约》，持续推进部署全球反导系统，谋求在欧洲和亚太地区部署陆基中导，并通过向澳大利亚出售核潜艇、强化“核保护伞”等方式推动构建极具冷战色彩的“小圈子”。?

Not only so, the US has withdrew from legal instruments on arms control including the Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems and the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, refuses to ratify the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, continues to deploy global anti-missile systems, seeks to deploy land-based intermediate ballistic missiles in Europe and the Asia-Pacific, and advances to build a small clique obsessed with Cold War mentality by selling nuclear submarines to Australia and strengthening the US’ nuclear umbrella.?

- 近年来，美方为维护自身绝对安全和绝对军事优势，在军控问题上毁约退群，陆续退出《反导条约》《中导条约》等，对国际军控体系产生严重消极影响；美方在已拥有最庞大核武库的基础上，还在耗费巨资推进核武现代化，发展低当量核武器，降低核武器使用门槛，挑起全球核军备竞赛，给国际安全带来严重隐患；美英澳开展核潜艇合作，美海军核潜艇水下碰撞事故，加剧地区核扩散风险，严重威胁世界和平稳定。?

In recent years, the US, to maintain absolute security and military superiority for itself, has torn apart and withdrawn from one arms control treaty after another, such as the Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty and the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF Treaty), taking a serious toll on the international arms control system. Already in possession of the largest nuclear arsenal in the world, the US is still spending an astronomical amount of money on pushing nuclear modernization and developing low-yield nuclear weapons. Its moves have lowered the threshold of using nuclear weapons, stirred up a global nuclear arms race and exposed international security to serious challenges. The nuclear submarine cooperation between the US, the UK and Australia and the underwater collision of a US Navy nuclear submarine have aggravated the risk of regional nuclear proliferation and gravely threatened world peace and stability.?

• 官方发展援助 / official development assistance，ODA?

Today’s quote:

- 如果七国集团成员真的重视发展中国家，就应尽快兑现每年将国民总收入的0.7%用于官方发展援助、每年向发展中国家提供1000亿美元的气候融资等既有承诺，多承担些国际责任和义务，多为发展中国家做些实实在在的事情。?

If the G7 really cares about developing countries, they need to deliver their promises including spending 0.7% of their Gross National Income (GNI) as Official Development Assistance (ODA) annually and mobilizing $100 billion per year for climate action in developing countries. They need to step up to more international responsibilities and obligations and do more concrete things for developing countries.?

Previous PRC history of the term:

- 中国是发展中国家，没有官方发展援助义务，但作为联合国第二大会费国和负责任大国，中国一直积极参与国际发展合作，为包括联合国粮农机构在内的联合国发展机构提供大量发展资源，为保障全球粮食安全作出积极贡献。?

As a developing country, China has no obligation to provide official development assistance (ODA). However, as the second largest contributor to the UN regular budget and a responsible major country, China has been actively participating in international development cooperation, providing substantial development resources to UN development agencies, including food and agriculture agencies, and making positive contributions to global food security.?

- 发达经济体要履行官方发展援助承诺，为发展中国家提供更多资源。?

Advanced economies should fulfill their pledges on official development assistance (ODA) and provide more resources for developing countries.?

- 我们敦促发达国家按照《亚的斯亚贝巴行动议程》按时足额履行官方发展援助承诺，并为发展中国家提供额外发展资源。?

We urge developed countries to honour their ODA commitments fully, in time and to provide additional development resources to developing countries in accordance with the Addis Ababa Action Agenda.?

• 国民总收入 / gross national income, GNI?

Today’s quote:

- 如果七国集团成员真的重视发展中国家，就应尽快兑现每年将国民总收入的0.7%用于官方发展援助、每年向发展中国家提供1000亿美元的气候融资等既有承诺，多承担些国际责任和义务，多为发展中国家做些实实在在的事情。?

If the G7 really cares about developing countries, they need to deliver their promises including spending 0.7% of their Gross National Income (GNI) as Official Development Assistance (ODA) annually and mobilizing $100 billion per year for climate action in developing countries. They need to step up to more international responsibilities and obligations and do more concrete things for developing countries.?

Previous PRC history of the term:

- 2021年中国人均国民总收入位列世界第68位，人类发展指数世界排名第79位，与主要发展中国家排名相当。?

China’s GNI ranked 68th and HDI 79th in the world in 2021, which is similar to other major developing countries.?

• 核成员国 / nuclear member states; nuclear weapon state?

- 中国始终坚定奉行自卫防御的核战略，是唯一承诺不首先使用核武器、不对无核武器国家和无核武器区使用核武器的核武器国家，始终将核力量维持在国家安全需要的最低水平。任何国家只要不对中国使用或威胁使用核武器，就不会受到中国核武器的威胁，这是最有实际意义的透明。请问这样的透明度七国集团核成员国中哪一个能够承诺？?

China is firmly committed to a defensive nuclear strategy and the only nuclear weapon state to pledge “no first use” of nuclear weapons and not to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear weapon states or nuclear-weapon-free zones. We have always kept our nuclear capabilities at the minimum level required by national security. For any country, as long as they do not use or threaten to use nuclear weapons against China, they have nothing to worry about being threatened by China’s nuclear weapons. This is the most meaningful transparency a country can provide. I wonder which one of the nuclear weapon states among the G7 can make this pledge as China does??

• 家法 / house rules?

- 国际核军控规则不是七国集团的家法、帮规，七国集团没有资格就核军控问题对其他国家发号施令，中方拒绝七国的无理指责。七国集团抛弃维护全球战略稳定等基本原则，破坏国际核裁军与核不扩散体系，却倒打一耙，攻击、抹黑别国的核政策，只会加剧对立对抗，为国际核裁军进程制造障碍。?

The international nuclear arms control rules are not the house rules set by the G7. The G7 has no right to dictate to other countries on arms control. China rejects the G7’s finger-pointing. The G7 abandons the basic principles including upholding global strategic stability, undermines the international nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation regime, feigns innocence and attacks and smears other countries’ nuclear policy. This will only drive up antagonism and confrontation and create obstacles for the international nuclear disarmament process.?

• 间谍气球 / spy balloon?

Today’s quote:

- 美国总统拜登在七国集团峰会结束时对记者称，他预计与中国的关系将“很快”改善，并称“间谍气球”事件很愚蠢。美国政府正考虑是否解除对中国防长的制裁，美国防长希望与他会见。?

US President Joe Biden said he expected ties with China to improve very shortly and called the balloon incident silly, speaking to reporters at the end of the G7 Summit. Biden also said that his administration was considering whether to lift sanctions on Chinese Defense Minister, whom the US Defense Secretary requests to meet.?

Previous PRC history of the term:

- 美方确信他们击落的是间谍气球，你可否说明为何中方说这是一个民用气象气球？是否应避免针锋相对引发局势升级，尤其是如果美方搜集到的碎片显示气球确实是间谍气球的话？?

The eyes of the world are now on China as you know following the shooting down of that balloon.?The US is confident though that what they shot down is in fact a spy balloon. Can you help us understand how this could be a weather balloon? And with that in mind, should it avoid tit-for-tat escalations, especially if the debris gathered shows that the balloon was spying??

- 气球事件发生后，世界正在密切关注中国。中方是否意识到当前局面有多危险？?

And with that in mind, should it avoid tit-for-tat escalations, especially if the debris gathered shows that the balloon was spying??

- 关于间谍气球，我想确认一下，根据外交部目前了解的情况 ...?

With regard to the spy balloon, I would like to confirm that based on information the foreign ministry has gathered so far ...?

- 我知道你无法确认关于声称美国上空发现中国间谍气球的消息，但你能否确认美中双方在过去24小时内就此进行了接触，在外交层面或者两国军方之间是否就此进行了沟通？?

I know you cannot confirm any information about the alleged balloon over the US, but could you confirm whether the US and China have been in contact over the past 24 hours about this issue whether at a diplomatic level or any communication between the two militaries??

• 南方国家 / Global South countries?

- 据报道，慈善机构乐施会估计，组成七国集团（G7）的七个富裕国家欠南方国家约13万亿美元未兑现的发展援助和应对气候变化支持。该组织批评称，G7国家不仅没兑现援助承诺，反而要求南方国家2028年前每天偿还2.32亿美元债务。?

According to reports, Wealthy Group of Seven (G7) countries owe Global South countries $13 trillion in unpaid aid and funding for climate action, reveals new analysis from Oxfam. The organization said that despite failing to pay what they owe, the G7 countries are demanding that Global South countries pay $232 million a day in debt repayments through 2028.?

• 全球南方 / Global South?

Today’s quote:

- 据报道，欧盟委员会主席冯德莱恩在七国集团（G7）峰会上称，许多新兴和发展中国家正寻求可持续融资。“一带一路”倡议看似性价比较高，但一些“全球南方”国家在对华合作中接受中国贷款，最终陷入债务危机。

The?President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen aid at a G7 session that “Many emerging and developing countries are looking for sustainable funding opportunities. The Belt and Road Initiative looked like a good cheap offer. But many countries in the Global South...took Chinese loans and ended up in a debt crisis. ”?

Previous PRC history of the term:

- 据报道，印度将于12日至13日举行“全球南方国家之声”线上峰会，讨论发展中国家金融发展和能源安全等问题，已邀请逾120个发展中国家政府首脑、外长和财长与会。?

According to reports, India will host the Voice of Global South Summit in a virtual format on January 12 and 13 [2023] to discuss issues including financial development of developing countries and energy security. Heads of government, foreign ministers and finance ministers from more than 120 developing countries have been invited so far.?

• 三位一体核力量 / nuclear triad?

Today’s quote:

- 美国拥有世界最大、最先进核武库，却顽固坚持首先使用核武器政策，投入巨资升级“三位一体”核力量，退出《反导条约》《中导条约》等军控条约，大肆推进战略力量的前沿部署，并向无核武器国家扩散武器级高浓铀。七国集团中，三个是核武器国家，其余四个都参加“核共享”或者享受“核保护伞”。?

The US possesses the biggest and most advanced nuclear arsenal in the world, but it obstinately insists on a policy of first use of nuclear weapons, invests heavily in upgrading its “nuclear triad”, withdraws from agreements on arms control including the Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems and the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, seeks to forward-deploy strategic forces and spreads weapons-grade highly-enriched uranium to non-nuclear weapon states. Three of the G7 countries are nuclear weapon states, and the other four either have “nuclear-sharing” arrangements or sit under the “nuclear umbrella”.?

Previous PRC history of the term:

- 美国拥有世界上最庞大的核武库，并且仍在投入巨资升级三位一体核力量，发展低当量核武器，降低核武器使用门槛，强化核保护伞。?

The US has the largest nuclear arsenal in the world and is still investing heavily in upgrading its nuclear triad, developing low-yield nuclear weapons, lowering the threshold for the use of nuclear weapons, and strengthening its nuclear umbrella.?

- 美国拥有世界上最庞大、最先进核武库，不但不认真履行自己的核裁军义务，还要投入巨资升级“三位一体”核力量，发展低当量核武器，降低核武器使用门槛，持续推进部署全球反导系统，谋求在欧洲和亚太地区部署陆基中导，并通过出售核潜艇、增强“核保护伞”等方式推动构建极具冷战色彩的军事“小圈子”。?

With the world’s largest and most advanced nuclear arsenal, the US, rather than earnestly fulfilling its nuclear disarmament obligations, is still investing heavily in upgrading its “nuclear triad”, developing low-yield nuclear weapons and lowering the threshold for using nuclear weapons. Besides, it continues to deploy global anti-missile systems and seeks to deploy land-based intermediate ballistic missiles in Europe and the Asia-Pacific. It is also trying to build military cliques with strong Cold War undertones by selling nuclear submarines and strengthening the nuclear umbrella.?

- 美国拥有世界上最庞大、最先进的核武器库，却还要投入上万亿美元升级“三位一体”核力量，发展低当量核武器，降低核武器使用门槛。?

With the world’s largest and most advanced nuclear arsenal, the US is still investing trillions of dollars to upgrade its “nuclear triad”, developing low-yield nuclear weapons and lowering the threshold for using nuclear weapons.?

- 美国拥有世界上最庞大、最先进的核武库，却还要投入上万亿美元升级“三位一体”核力量，发展低当量核武器，降低核武器使用门槛。?

According to statistics of relevant international think tanks, by the beginning of 2021, the US actually owned 5,550 nuclear warheads. Despite possessing the world's largest and most advanced nuclear arsenal, the US is still investing trillions of dollars to upgrade its "nuclear triad", developing low-yield nuclear weapons, and lowering the threshold for using nuclear weapons.?

• 网络安全审查 / cybersecurity review?

Today’s quote:

- 关于对美光公司在华销售产品进行网络安全审查，中方主管部门已经发布消息。我想强调的是，有关审查是为了防范产品网络安全问题危害国家关键信息基础设施安全，是维护国家安全的必要措施。?

China’s competent authorities have released information on the cybersecurity review on products sold in China by Micron Technology. I would like to stress that the goal of the review is to check cybersecurity issues of relevant products which might threaten the security of the nation’s key information infrastructure. This measure is necessary for safeguarding national security.?

Previous PRC history of the term:

- 美国美光公司的情况，我们此前已经介绍过。中国有关部门依据法律法规对影响或者可能影响国家安全的网络产品进行网络安全审查，是一种正常的监管措施。

As to the investigation concerning Micron, we have stated earlier that relevant Chinese authorities conduct cyber security review over cyber products that have impacted or may impact national security in accordance with laws and regulations. This is a normal regulatory measure.?

- 中国有关部门依据法律法规对影响或者可能影响国家安全的网络产品进行网络安全审查，是为了维护国家安全而采取的正常监管措施。无论是中国企业，还是在华经营的外国企业，都必须遵守中国的法律法规，不能危害中国国家安全。?

Relevant Chinese authorities conduct cyber security review over cyber products that have impacted or may impact national security in accordance with laws and regulations. This is a normal regulation measure for safeguarding national security. All Chinese companies and foreign companies in China must abide by China’s laws and regulations and must not harm China’s national security.?

• 武器级高浓铀 / weapons-grade highly enriched uranium?

Today’s quote:

- 美国拥有世界最大、最先进核武库，却顽固坚持首先使用核武器政策，投入巨资升级“三位一体”核力量，退出《反导条约》《中导条约》等军控条约，大肆推进战略力量的前沿部署，并向无核武器国家扩散武器级高浓铀。?

The US possesses the biggest and most advanced nuclear arsenal in the world, but it obstinately insists on a policy of first use of nuclear weapons, invests heavily in upgrading its “nuclear triad”, withdraws from agreements on arms control including the Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems and the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, seeks to forward-deploy strategic forces and spreads weapons-grade highly-enriched uranium to non-nuclear weapon states.

Previous PRC history of the term:

- 三国合作是核武器国家首次向无核武器国家转让核潜艇动力堆及武器级高浓铀，国际原子能机构现行保障监督体系无法实施有效监管，构成严重核扩散风险，严重损害机构权威，冲击机构保障监督体系。?

The AUKUS nuclear submarine cooperation marks the first time for nuclear weapon states to transfer naval nuclear propulsion reactors and weapons-grade highly enriched uranium to a non-nuclear weapon state. There is nothing in the current IAEA safeguards system that can ensure effective safeguards. Therefore, such cooperation poses serious nuclear proliferation risks, seriously compromises the authority of the IAEA and deals a blow to the Agency’s safeguards system.?

- 美英澳三国核潜艇合作涉及核武器国家向无核武器国家转让大量武器级高浓铀，构成严重核扩散风险，违反《不扩散核武器条约》的目的和宗旨。?

Nuclear submarine cooperation between the US, the UK and Australia involves the transfer of large amounts of weapons-grade highly enriched uranium from nuclear weapon states to a non-nuclear weapon state, which poses a serious nuclear proliferation risk and violates the purpose and object of the NPT.?

- 美英作为《不扩散核武器条约》存约国和核武器国家，向无核武器国家转让核潜艇动力堆和武器级高浓铀，是对《条约》目的和宗旨的公然践踏。?

The US and the UK, as depositors of the NPT and nuclear-weapon states, decided to transfer nuclear submarine power reactors and weapons-grade highly enriched uranium to a non-nuclear-weapon state, which is a blatant violation of the purpose and principles of the NPT.?

• 中导条约 / Intermediate-Range Treaty (shortening of Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty 中程导弹条约 zhōng chéng dǎo dàn tiáo yuē)?

Today’s quote:

- 美国拥有世界最大、最先进核武库，却顽固坚持首先使用核武器政策，投入巨资升级“三位一体”核力量，退出《反导条约》《中导条约》等军控条约，大肆推进战略力量的前沿部署，并向无核武器国家扩散武器级高浓铀。?

The US possesses the biggest and most advanced nuclear arsenal in the world, but it obstinately insists on a policy of first use of nuclear weapons, invests heavily in upgrading its “nuclear triad”, withdraws from agreements on arms control including the Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems and the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, seeks to forward-deploy strategic forces and spreads weapons-grade highly-enriched uranium to non-nuclear weapon states.?

Previous PRC history of the term:

- 据报道，27日，俄罗斯总统普京在东亚峰会上称，《中导条约》失效后，东亚地区或将面临新一轮军备竞赛的威胁，并呼吁有关国家就此问题进行严肃对话。?

According to reports, Russian President Putin said at the East Asia Summit on October 27 that with the termination of the Treaty on the Elimination of Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles, East Asia faces the possibility of a new round of arms race. He called on countries concerned to have serious talks over this issue.?

- 俄罗斯总统普京昨天签署命令宣布暂停履行《中导条约》，直到美方停止违反条约或条约废止。?

Russian President Putin signed a decree yesterday to suspend Russia's obligations under the terms of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty and said the hold would remain in place until the US ends its violations of the treaty or until it terminates.?

- 2019年3月5日外交部发言人陆慷主持例行记者会?《中导条约》作为军控与裁军领域一项重要的双边条约，它对于缓和大国关系、增进国际与地区和平、维护全球战略平衡与稳定具有十分重要的意义。?

We have talked about our position on the INF Treaty many times. As an important bilateral treaty in the field of arms control and disarmament, the INF Treaty is of great significance to easing major-country relations, promoting international and regional peace, and maintaining global strategic balance and stability.?

- 美俄正在就修改《中导条约》进行谈判，美国媒体称中国大力发展东风-21导弹，打破了美国在相关领域的战略平衡，因此呼吁要把中国纳入该条约，否则美国就应该退出该条约。?

Russia and the United States are conducting negotiation on amending the Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty. American media reported that the Dongfeng-21 missile and other missiles deployed by China broke the strategic balance between the U.S. and Russia in relevant fields and called for China to join the INF Treaty as well. Otherwise, the U.S. should withdraw from the treaty.?

• 中国—东盟高官磋商 / China-ASEAN Senior Officials’ Consultation?

Today’s quote:

- 经双方商定，第29次中国—东盟高官磋商将于5月24日至26日在中国深圳举行。 。。。 中国—东盟高官磋商是中国与东盟国家外交部门间的重要年度磋商机制，主要是为中国—东盟外长会和领导人会议做准备。今年是习近平主席提出建设更为紧密的中国—东盟命运共同体10周年，也是中国加入《东南亚友好合作条约》20周年，中国东盟合作迎来新契机。双方将通过此次磋商，回顾与展望中国—东盟全面战略伙伴关系、特别是双方领导人共识的落实情况，深化政治安全、经贸、社会人文、农业和粮食安全等各领域务实合作，为地区稳定与发展注入更多正能量。?

As agreed between China and ASEAN, the 29th China-ASEAN Senior Officials’ Consultation will be held in Shenzhen, China from May 24 to 26 [2023].?... The China-ASEAN Senior Officials’ Consultation is an important annual consultation mechanism between the foreign affairs departments of China and ASEAN countries, where preparations can be made for the China-ASEAN Foreign Ministers’ Meeting and the China-ASEAN Summit. This year marks the tenth anniversary of President Xi’s proposition of fostering a closer community with a shared future for China and ASEAN and the 20th anniversary of China’s joining the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia (TAC). This will present new opportunities for China-ASEAN cooperation. At this Consultation, the two sides will take stock and look to future growth of the China-ASEAN comprehensive strategic partnership, especially with regard to delivering on the common understandings between the leaders of the two sides, and deepening practical cooperation in areas of political security, trade and economy, social, cultural and people-to-people exchange, agriculture and food security. Together the two sides can provide more positive energy for stability and development of the region.?

Previous PRC history of the term:

- 2014年4月22日，第20次中国—东盟高官磋商在泰国举行。外交部副部长刘振民与泰国外交部次长西哈萨共同主持会议，东盟其他各国高官出席了会议。 与会高官积极评价中国—东盟关系良好的发展势头，认为中国—东盟战略伙伴关系不仅使双方受益，而且为促进地区和平、稳定与发展作出了重要贡献。 高官们就中国—东盟关系、东亚合作及共同关心的国际地区问题交换了意见，重点讨论了如何落实去年中国—东盟领导人会议上中方提出的“2+7合作框架”，包括商签“中国—东盟国家睦邻友好合作条约”、启动中国—东盟自贸区升级版谈判、设立亚洲基础设施投资银行、共建21世纪海上丝绸之路、加强防务安全合作、办好2014年中国—东盟文化交流年等具体倡议。 东盟方认为中国的和平发展和经济持续稳定增长对本地区是重要机遇，在东盟对话伙伴中，中国—东盟关系最富活力。 中方表示东盟是中国周边外交的优先方向，中方支持东盟在东亚合作中发挥主导作用。 会议认为，中国和东盟国家应加强战略沟通，深化互利合作，打造中国—东盟命运共同体、利益共同体及责任共同体。?

The 20th China-ASEAN Senior Officials' Consultation, which was held in Thailand on April 22, was co-chaired by China's Vice Foreign Minister Liu Zhenmin and Thailand's Permanent Secretary for Foreign Affairs Sihasak Phuangketkeow. Senior officials from ASEAN member states attended the meeting. The participants spoke highly of the sound momentum of the development of China-ASEAN relationship. They believe that China-ASEAN strategic partnership not only brings benefits to both sides, but has also made important contributions to regional peace, stability and development. Senior officials exchanged views on China-ASEAN relationship, East Asia cooperation and regional and international issues of common interest. They mainly discussed how to implement the 2+7 cooperation framework proposed by China at last year's China-ASEAN Summit, including discussions on signing a treaty of good-neighborliness and friendly cooperation between China and ASEAN, launching negotiations on an upgraded version of China-ASEAN Free Trade Area, establishing an Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, jointly building the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, enhancing defense and security cooperation, successfully hosting the 2014 China-ASEAN Cultural Exchange Year and other initiatives. ASEAN members believe that China's peaceful development and sustained and stable economic growth represent an important opportunity for this region. Among ASEAN's relations with its dialogue partners, China- ASEAN relationship is the most dynamic one. China has made it clear that ASEAN is the priority of China's neighborhood diplomacy, and China supports ASEAN's centrality in East Asia Cooperation.?The participants agreed at the meeting that China and ASEAN members should enhance strategic communication, deepen win-win cooperation and forge a China-ASEAN community of common destiny, common interests and common responsibilities.?

• 资源换项目 / resources for projects?

- 中国和刚果（金）长期友好，两国务实合作前景广阔。中刚“资源换项目”一揽子合作是两国务实合作的典范项目，不仅有力促进了刚果（金）矿业发展，还建成了公路、医院、电站等一大批基础设施项目。?

China and the DRC [Democratic Republic of the Congo] enjoy long-term friendly relations and promising prospects for practical cooperation. The cooperation package of “resource for projects” between China and the DRC sets an example of the practical cooperation between the two countries. It not only gives a strong boost to the development of the DRC’s mining industry, but also delivers a large number of infrastructure projects such as roads, hospitals and power stations.?

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