Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer (GIFT)

Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) is a specialized assisted reproductive technology (ART) that offers couples struggling with infertility a unique approach to conception. Unlike in vitro fertilization (IVF), where fertilization occurs in a laboratory dish, GIFT allows fertilization to take place within the woman’s body, more closely mimicking the natural process.

How Does GIFT Work ?

1. Ovarian Stimulation: The woman receives fertility medications to stimulate her ovaries to produce multiple eggs.
2. Egg Retrieval: Mature eggs are retrieved from the woman’s ovaries using a minimally invasive procedure.
3. Sperm Collection: The male partner provides a semen sample.
4. Gamete Preparation: The eggs and sperm are combined in a catheter.
5. Transfer to Fallopian Tube: The mixture of eggs and sperm is carefully transferred into the woman’s fallopian tube through a laparoscopic procedure.
6. Fertilization and Implantation: Fertilization occurs naturally within the fallopian tube, and the resulting embryo travels to the uterus for implantation.

Who is GIFT Suitable For ?

GIFT is a viable option for couples with:

• Unexplained infertility
• Mild male factor infertility
• Cervical factor infertility
• Religious or ethical objections to IVF

It’s important to note that GIFT requires at least one healthy and open fallopian tube for successful implantation.

Advantages of GIFT

• Natural Fertilization: Fertilization occurs within the body, potentially increasing the chances of successful implantation.
• Reduced Risk of Multiple Pregnancies: GIFT typically involves transferring fewer eggs compared to IVF, reducing the risk of multiple pregnancies.
• Ethical Considerations: Some couples prefer GIFT due to religious or ethical concerns about IVF.

Disadvantages of GIFT

• Invasive Procedure: GIFT requires laparoscopy, a surgical procedure with associated risks and recovery time.
• Limited Success Rates: GIFT may have lower success rates than IVF, especially for women with certain fertility issues.
• Availability: GIFT is not as widely available as IVF.

Success Rates of GIFT

Success rates for GIFT vary depending on factors like the woman’s age, the cause of infertility, and the experience of the medical team. On average, the success rate per cycle ranges from 20–30%.

Ethical Considerations

GIFT raises fewer ethical concerns compared to IVF, as fertilization occurs naturally within the woman’s body. However, it’s essential to discuss the potential risks and benefits of the procedure with a qualified fertility specialist.

Conclusion

GIFT offers couples a unique alternative to IVF, allowing fertilization to occur naturally within the body. While it may not be suitable for everyone, it’s a valuable option for those seeking a less invasive and ethically acceptable approach to fertility treatment. If you’re considering GIFT, consult with a fertility specialist to discuss your individual needs and determine if it’s the right path for you.