Full Stack .NET with Angular/React Interview Guide: Top Questions and Answers

?Introduction

Preparing for a full stack interview can be daunting, especially when it involves technologies like .NET and front-end frameworks like Angular or React. This guide provides a comprehensive list of interview questions and answers to help you succeed. We cover both .NET and Angular/React, ensuring you're well-prepared for your next full stack developer interview.

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?.NET Interview Questions and Answers

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1. What is .NET?

.NET is a software development framework developed by Microsoft. It supports the development and running of applications on Windows, and now with .NET Core and .NET 5/6/7/8, it supports cross-platform development on Windows, Linux, and macOS.

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Answer:

.NET is a free, cross-platform, open-source developer platform for building many different types of applications. With .NET, you can use multiple languages, editors, and libraries to build for web, mobile, desktop, gaming, and IoT.

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2. Explain the concept of the Common Language Runtime (CLR).

The CLR is the execution engine for .NET applications, providing services like memory management, garbage collection, and exception handling.

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Answer:

The Common Language Runtime (CLR) is a virtual machine component of the .NET framework. It manages the execution of .NET programs and provides services such as memory management, type safety, exception handling, garbage collection, and security.

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3. What is ASP.NET Core?

ASP.NET Core is a cross-platform, high-performance framework for building modern, cloud-based, and internet-connected applications.

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Answer:

ASP.NET Core is a free, open-source, and cross-platform web framework developed by Microsoft and the community. It is designed to be lightweight, modular, and scalable, making it ideal for building web applications, RESTful APIs, and microservices.

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4. How does dependency injection work in .NET Core?

Dependency injection (DI) is a design pattern used to implement Inversion of Control (IoC). .NET Core has built-in support for DI.

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Answer:

Dependency Injection in .NET Core is a technique used to achieve Inversion of Control (IoC) between classes and their dependencies. It allows for better modularity and testability. .NET Core provides built-in support for DI through the IServiceCollection and IServiceProvider interfaces.

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5. What is Entity Framework Core?

Entity Framework Core (EF Core) is an ORM (Object-Relational Mapper) that allows developers to work with a database using .NET objects.

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Answer:

Entity Framework Core (EF Core) is a lightweight, extensible, and cross-platform version of the popular Entity Framework data access technology. It allows developers to work with a database using .NET objects, eliminating the need for most of the data-access code.

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?Angular Interview Questions and Answers

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1. What is Angular?

Angular is a platform and framework for building client-side applications using HTML, CSS, and TypeScript.

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Answer:

Angular is a TypeScript-based open-source web application framework led by the Angular Team at Google and by a community of individuals and corporations. It is used to develop single-page applications (SPAs) and provides robust tools for front-end development.

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2. Explain the role of components in Angular.

Components are the building blocks of an Angular application. They control a portion of the screen called a view.

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Answer:

In Angular, a component is a TypeScript class that interacts with the HTML template to render the view. It encapsulates the logic, data, and presentation of a UI element, making it a core part of Angular applications.

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3. What are Angular Services?

Services in Angular are used to share data and logic across different components.

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Answer:

Angular services are singleton objects that are instantiated only once during the lifetime of an application. They are used for sharing data, business logic, and other functionalities across different components in the application.

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4. How do you implement routing in Angular?

Angular uses a Router module to manage navigation and views within an application.

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Answer:

Routing in Angular is implemented using the RouterModule provided by the @angular/router package. It allows you to define routes and navigation paths, enabling the application to navigate between different views or components.

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?React Interview Questions and Answers

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1. What is React?

React is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces, developed by Facebook.

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Answer:

React is an open-source JavaScript library used for building user interfaces or UI components. It is maintained by Facebook and a community of developers. React is known for its efficient rendering using a virtual DOM.

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2. Explain the concept of components in React.

Components are reusable UI elements that form the building blocks of a React application.

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Answer:

In React, components are the fundamental units of building UI. They can be either class components or functional components. Each component has its own logic and rendering, making it reusable across the application.

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3. What is the difference between state and props in React?

State and props are both used to manage data in React components, but they serve different purposes.

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Answer:

State is a local data storage that is specific to a component and can be changed over time, affecting the component's rendering. Props (short for properties) are read-only data passed from parent to child components, used to communicate and pass data between components.

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4. How do you handle events in React?

React uses a synthetic event system to handle events consistently across different browsers.

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Answer:

Events in React are handled using event handlers that are defined as properties on elements. React's synthetic event system ensures that events work consistently across all browsers. For example, an onClick event handler can be defined on a button element.

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?Daily Life Example?

Imagine you're developing a full stack e-commerce application. You might use .NET Core for the backend to handle data storage, business logic, and API creation. On the front end, you could use Angular or React to build a dynamic user interface that interacts with the backend APIs to display products, handle user input, and manage shopping carts. By understanding both the server-side and client-side technologies, you can create a seamless and efficient user experience.

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