Free ports, best practices, and votes of confidence
Michael Horlick, MPM, M Ed., PMP
Educator, Ethicist, and Incurable Idealist
Terms to note from recent PRC Ministry of Commerce press conferences:
中共中央总书记、国家主席习近平对越南进行国事访问期间，与越共中央总书记阮富仲举行会谈，双方宣布中越两党两国关系新定位，在深化中越全面战略合作伙伴关系基础上，携手构建具有战略意义的中越命运共同体。商务部将与越南相关部门一道，认真落实两党两国最高领导人达成的重要共识，推动双方务实合作提质升级。 ... 四是深化多边合作。中越双方将加强在RCEP、APEC和WTO等机制下的合作，维护全球自由贸易体系，构筑安全稳定、畅通高效、开放包容、互利共赢的全球产业链供应链体系。?
Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and Chinese president, paid a state visit to Vietnam and held talks with General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) Central Committee Nguyen Phu Trong. The two sides announced the new positioning of the relationship between the CPC and CPV and the two nations and agreed to jointly build a China-Vietnam community with a shared future based on deepening the comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership. MOFCOM will work with relevant authorities in Vietnam to implement the important consensus reached between the top leaders of the CPC and CPV and the two countries, and bring the bilateral practical cooperation to a higher level. ... Fourth, we will deepen multilateral cooperation. China and Vietnam will strengthen cooperation under RCEP, APEC, WTO and other mechanisms, and safeguard the global free trade system, and build secure, stable, unimpeded, efficient, open, inclusive and mutually beneficial global industrial and supply chains. Thank you.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)
Current quote:
中共中央总书记、国家主席习近平对越南进行国事访问期间，与越共中央总书记阮富仲举行会谈，双方宣布中越两党两国关系新定位，在深化中越全面战略合作伙伴关系基础上，携手构建具有战略意义的中越命运共同体。商务部将与越南相关部门一道，认真落实两党两国最高领导人达成的重要共识，推动双方务实合作提质升级。一是保障双边贸易稳定畅通。发挥贸易畅通工作组等机制作用，共同推进中越边境口岸升格开放、边境智慧口岸建设、“单一窗口”等合作。支持边境小额贸易、边民互市贸易和跨境电商发展，提升双边贸易往来效率和便利化水平。?
Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and Chinese president, paid a state visit to Vietnam and held talks with General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) Central Committee Nguyen Phu Trong. The two sides announced the new positioning of the relationship between the CPC and CPV and the two nations and agreed to jointly build a China-Vietnam community with a shared future based on deepening the comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership. MOFCOM will work with relevant authorities in Vietnam to implement the important consensus reached between the top leaders of the CPC and CPV and the two countries, and bring the bilateral practical cooperation to a higher level. First, we will ensure trade stability and connectivity. We will give full play to the mechanisms such as the trade connectivity working group and jointly promote cooperation on greater opening up of the ports along the borders between China and Vietnam, smart border ports and single window services. We will support the development of small-sum border trade, trading between border residents and cross-border e-commerce and enhance the efficiency and facilitation of bilateral trade.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 中国已连续多年保持越南第一大贸易伙伴，越南是中国在东盟的第一大贸易伙伴、全球第四大贸易伙伴国。双边贸易额连续两年突破2000亿美元，今年前10个月，双边贸易额达1851亿美元，边境小额贸易和边民互市日趋活跃，越南榴莲等农产品对华出口大幅增长，跨境电商蓬勃发展，贸易领域亮点纷呈。?
China has been Vietnam’s largest trading partner for many years in a row, and Vietnam is China’s largest trading partner in ASEAN and the fourth largest in the world. Bilateral trade exceeded USD200 billion for two consecutive years and reached USD185.1 billion in the first 10 months of this year. Petty trade in the border areas and border trade have become increasingly active. There are many highlights in bilateral trade cooperation, with surge in the exports of durian and other agricultural products to China and flourishing cross-border e-commerce.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_November 30, 2023)
Current quote:
下一步，我们将继续坚持问题导向，规范与发展并重，重点做好三方面工作。 ... 三是加快标准建设。我国在跨境电商领域已形成国标、行标等各类标准百余项。我们将鼓励各地结合实际，将更多内容成熟、应用效果好的做法转化成为标准。?
Going forward, we will continue to be problem-oriented, place equal emphasis on regulation and development, and focus on three aspects.? ... Third, we will accelerate standard-setting. China has created more than 100 national and industry standards for cross-border e-commerce operation. We will encourage local governments to turn more tested and effective practices into standards that are fitting for local conditions.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 规范商务领域公共信用信息认定，积极推进商务领域信用标准建设。?
We will make clear the definition of public information in commercial area and push forward standard-setting for commercial credit.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_August 24, 2023)?
?? 支持各类主体开拓好海外市场，加强与其他国家在规则制定、标准建设等方面的协调互动。?
We will support entities to explore overseas markets and enhance their coordination and exchanges with other countries in making rules and setting standards.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_February 23, 2023)?
?? 下一步，商务部将继续指导跨境电商综试区，持续加强主体培育，推进规则和标准建设，加大品牌建设力度，总结复制推广建设过程中的好经验好做法，充分发挥跨境电商综试区重要开放平台的作用，为我国外贸高质量发展贡献更大的力量。?
As the next step, MOFCOM will continue to provide guidance to cross-border e-commerce pilot zones, strengthen the cultivation of players, promote rule-making and standard-setting, scale up brand building, review and replicate best practices, give full play to the cross-border e-commerce pilot zones as important open platforms, and contribute further to the high-quality development of China's foreign trade.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_April 21, 2022)?
?? 中国在核应急法律法规标准建设、体制机制建设、基础能力建设、专业人才培养、演习演练、公众沟通、国际合作与交流等方面取得巨大进步，既为自身核能事业发展提供坚强保障，也为推动建立公平、开放、合作、共赢的国际核安全应急体系，促进人类共享核能发展成果作出积极贡献。?
China has made great strides in a full range of nuclear emergency-related activities, including the enactment of regulations, codes and standards, the establishment of institutional and regulatory regimes, the building-up of basic capabilities, the fostering of professional personnel, related exercises and drills, public communication, and international cooperation and exchanges. This has not only provided a robust safeguard for China's own nuclear energy development, but also contributed actively to the promotion of a fair, open, collaborative and mutually beneficial international nuclear safety emergency framework and mankind's sharing of nuclear energy development achievements.? (White_Paper_China's Nuclear Emergency Preparedness_《中国的核应急》_2016_01_27)
Current quote:
当前，中国已成为全球最大新能源汽车市场和产业创新高地，这将为包括德国企业在内的各国车企和零部件供应商提供广阔的发展空间。?
China has become the world’s largest new energy vehicle market and a pacesetter in industrial innovation. This will provide broad space for the development of auto makers and parts suppliers from other countries, including German companies.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 积极推动长三角科创与产业融合发展、G60科创走廊、沿沪宁产业创新带协同发力的创新空间布局不断优化、基础设施、生态环境、公共服务等重点领域一体化水平明显提升。?
We actively encouraged integration between technological innovation and industry in the Yangtze River Delta region. The spatial layout of the G60 Sci-Tech Innovation Valley and the Shanghai-Nanjing industrial innovation belt was optimized to better drive innovation based on coordinated development of the two areas. Integration in key fields such as infrastructure, eco-environment, and public services was significantly improved.? (Report on the Implementation of the 2022 Plan for National Economic and Social Development and on the 2023 Draft Plan for National Economic and Social Development_2023_03_05)?
?? 编制实施《全面加强北斗系统产业化应用发展总体方案》、北斗产业发展专项规划，各行业、各地区陆续出台实施北斗产业专项计划、专项行动，持续完善产业创新体系、融合应用体系、产业生态体系、全球服务体系。?
China has formulated and implemented the Overall Plan for Comprehensively Promoting BDS Industrial Applications and a special plan for the development of the BDS industry. Various sectors and regions have made special plans and launched campaigns accordingly to improve the systems of industrial innovation, integrated applications, industrial ecosystems, and global services.? (White_Paper_China’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System in the New Era_ 新时代的中国北斗_2022_11_04)
中共中央总书记、国家主席习近平对越南进行国事访问期间，与越共中央总书记阮富仲举行会谈，双方宣布中越两党两国关系新定位，在深化中越全面战略合作伙伴关系基础上，携手构建具有战略意义的中越命运共同体。商务部将与越南相关部门一道，认真落实两党两国最高领导人达成的重要共识，推动双方务实合作提质升级。一是保障双边贸易稳定畅通。发挥贸易畅通工作组等机制作用，共同推进中越边境口岸升格开放、边境智慧口岸建设、“单一窗口”等合作。?
Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and Chinese president, paid a state visit to Vietnam and held talks with General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) Central Committee Nguyen Phu Trong. The two sides announced the new positioning of the relationship between the CPC and CPV and the two nations and agreed to jointly build a China-Vietnam community with a shared future based on deepening the comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership. MOFCOM will work with relevant authorities in Vietnam to implement the important consensus reached between the top leaders of the CPC and CPV and the two countries, and bring the bilateral practical cooperation to a higher level. First, we will ensure trade stability and connectivity. We will give full play to the mechanisms such as the trade connectivity working group and jointly promote cooperation on greater opening up of the ports along the borders between China and Vietnam, smart border ports and single window services.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 。。。国际和区域合作方面，北京建设“一带一路”法律与商事综合服务机制，天津与周边口岸联动发展，上海开展国际贸易“单一窗口”国际合作，重庆打造内陆国际物流枢纽。?
... in terms of international and regional cooperation, Beijing has built the BRI comprehensive legal and commercial service mechanism; Tianjin has pursued joint development with its neighbor ports; Shanghai has launched international cooperation in the "single window" for international trade; and Chongqing has built an inland international logistics hub.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 23, 2022)?
?? 深化拓展国际贸易“单一窗口”功能。目前，《自动进口许可证》《出口许可证》等多种进出口证件已经100%实现无纸化申领。?
Enhancing and expanding the “single window” for international trade.: Currently, many import and export certificates, including automatic import licenses and export licenses, go 100% paperless in application.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 9, 2021)?
?? 促进贸易便利。持续拓展国际贸易“单一窗口”功能。?
We have enhanced ease of trade by continuously expanding functions of the “single window” for international trade.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 9, 2021)?
?? 改革出口退税负担机制、退税增量全部由中央财政负担，设立13个跨境电商综合试验区，国际贸易“单一窗口”覆盖全国，货物通关时间平均缩短一半以上，进出口实现回稳向好。?
We have reformed the cost-sharing mechanism for export tax rebates, and the central government now pays the full sum of increases in export tax rebates. We have set up 13 comprehensive experimental zones for cross-border e-commerce. Single-window document processing for international trade has been applied nationwide, cutting the average time for customs clearance by over half. Imports and exports have rebounded and steadily grown.? (政府工作报告_2018)
近几个月，中国货物贸易呈现回稳向上的势头，以人民币计进出口增速连续4个月回升，10月、11月均实现正增长。综合来看，外贸发展的积极因素不断累积，回稳态势持续巩固：一是贸易活跃度继续上升。中国出口贸易量自8月起同比由降转增，且增幅持续扩大，11月当月出口量增长12%，达到二季度以来峰值。与此同时，进口贸易量连续10个月保持正增长。量的稳步增长是外贸稳规模优结构的重要支撑。二是外部需求呈现回暖迹象。11月当月，中国对美出口结束14个月的下降，转为增长9.6%，对日、韩等进出口降幅收窄。手机、家电等消费电子产品回升势头明显，11月集成电路进口金额增速年内首次转正，进口量连续3个月增长，显示出终端电子产品的出口需求有所改观。三是企业预期持续改善。商务部跟踪调查显示，外贸企业出口订单情况连续6个月好转。接下来，商务部将按照中央经济工作会议部署，会同相关部门和地方全力培育外贸新动能、巩固外贸外资基本盘、拓展外贸新空间，为广大外贸企业发展创新提供坚实的政策和服务保障。?
In recent months, China’s trade in goods has shown a steady upward momentum, and the growth rate of imports and exports in renminbi terms has picked up for four consecutive months, with positive growth in October and November. The positive factors for the development of foreign trade continue to build up, further contributing to the stabilization of trade: First, trade activity continues to rise. China’s exports have bucked the trend since August, and the growth rate has continued to expand. Exports rose 12% in November, reaching the peak since the second quarter. At the same time, imports have maintained positive growth for 10 consecutive months. The steady growth of trade volume is an important support for stabilizing and improving the structure of foreign trade. Second, external demand shows signs of recovery. In November, China’s exports to the United States grew by 9.6%, ending a 14-month decline, while the decrease in imports from and exports to Japan and South Korea narrowed. Mobile phones, home appliances and other consumer electronics have seen a notable momentum of recovery and growth. In November, integrated circuit imports registered positive growth in value for the first time in 2023, with the volume of imports increasing for three consecutive months, showing the improvement in export demand for electronic products. Third, business expectations continue to improve. According to the monitoring and survey of MOFCOM, the export orders of foreign trade enterprises have improved for six consecutive months. Going forward, in accordance with the deployment of the Central Economic Work Conference, MOFCOM will work with relevant ministries and localities to cultivate new growth drivers of foreign trade, keep the fundamentals of foreign trade and foreign investment stable, open new space for foreign trade, and provide strong policy support and efficient services for the development and innovation of foreign trade enterprises.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)?
?? 我们注意到，据美方数据显示，2022年美国和中国货物贸易总额达6906亿美元，创历史新纪录。?
We have noticed that according to American data, in 2022, the total trade in goods between the United States and China reached USD690.6 billion, setting a new record in history.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_February 16, 2023)?
?? 2022年，双边货物贸易额超过2200亿美元，为两国企业和人民带来了实实在在的利益。?
In 2022, bilateral trade exceeded US$220 billion, bringing real benefits to Chinese and Australian businesses and peoples.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_February 16, 2023)?
?? 去年，中国对外贸易规模再创新高，已经连续6年保持世界第一货物贸易国地位。?
Last year, China’s foreign trade hit a new record and China has been the world’s largest trader in goods for six years running.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on February 9, 2023)?
?? 我国成为一百四十多个国家和地区的主要贸易伙伴，货物贸易总额居世界第一，吸引外资和对外投资居世界前列，形成更大范围、更宽领域、更深层次对外开放格局。?
China has become a major trading partner for more than 140 countries and regions, it leads the world in total volume of trade in goods, and it is a major destination for global investment and a leading country in outbound investment. Through these efforts, we have advanced a broader agenda of opening up across more areas and in greater depth.? (Xi_Jinping_Speech at the 20th National Party Congress_2022_10_16)
Current quote:
近几个月，中国货物贸易呈现回稳向上的势头，以人民币计进出口增速连续4个月回升，10月、11月均实现正增长。 ... 外部需求呈现回暖迹象。11月当月，中国对美出口结束14个月的下降，转为增长9.6%，对日、韩等进出口降幅收窄。手机、家电等消费电子产品回升势头明显，11月集成电路进口金额增速年内首次转正，进口量连续3个月增长，显示出终端电子产品的出口需求有所改观。?
Mobile phones, home appliances and other consumer electronics have seen a notable momentum of recovery and growth. In November [2023], integrated circuit imports registered positive growth in value for the first time in 2023, with the volume of imports increasing for three consecutive months, showing the improvement in export demand for electronic products.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 中国是世界最大的半导体市场，中国集成电路进口额每年近6000亿美元。?
China is the world’s biggest market of semiconductors. China’s import of integrated circuits is close to $600 billion every year.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on April 3, 2023)?
?? 知识产权是权利人依法就下列客体享有的专有的权利：（一）作品；（二）发明、实用新型、外观设计；（三）商标；（四）地理标志；（五）商业秘密；（六）集成电路布图设计；
…? Intellectual property rights are the exclusive rights enjoyed by the right holders in accordance with law over the following subject matters:? (1) works;? (2) inventions, new utility models, or designs;? (3) trademarks;? (4) geographical indications;? (5) trade secrets;? (6) layout designs of integrated circuits; …? (Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China_中华人民共和国民法典_2020_05_28)?
?? 据我们了解，在上海发布的首批“白名单”的666家企业中，有247家是外资企业，涉及集成电路、汽车制造、装备制造、生物医药等重点行业，大众、特斯拉等重点外资企业已经在有序复工复产。?
According to our knowledge, the first group of 666 companies on the white list include 247 FIEs, covering important industries such as integrated circuit, auto-making, equipment manufacturing, and bio-pharmacy. Major FIEs, such as Volkswagen and Tesla, are resuming work and production in an orderly fashion.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_April 28, 2022)?
?? 统筹资金支持和税收优惠政策等，支持集成电路、工业母机、5G等新一代信息技术、生物医疗与高端医疗设备、农业机械等产业链补链强链，促进短板产业加快国产替代和技术迭代。?
By coordinating financial support and tax break policies, we supported efforts to shore up industrial chains in key industries including integrated circuits, industrial machine tools, next-gen 5G information technology, biomedical and high-end medical equipment, and agricultural machinery. We promoted the replacement of foreign products with Chinese ones and technological upgrading in industries with weaknesses in this regard.? (Report on the Execution of the Central and Local Budgets for 2021 and on the Draft Central and Local Budgets for 2022)
下一步，我们将深入贯彻中央经济工作会议精神，扩大高水平对外开放，对标国际高标准经贸规则，稳步推进制度型开放，积极回应外资企业诉求，进一步推动便利中外人员往来，不断优化外资促进和服务。我们相信，会有更多外资企业选择“投资中国”，把握“机遇中国”，与“开放中国”实现共同发展。?
In the next step, as we thoroughly implement the guiding principles of the Central Conference on Economic Work, we will expand high-standard opening-up, follow high-standard international trade and economic rules, steadfastly advance institutional opening-up, respond proactively to the requests of FIEs, keep facilitating people-to-people exchanges, and optimize foreign investment promotion and service. We believe that more foreign investors will choose to invest in China, seize opportunity in China, and achieve shared development with an open China.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)
Current quote:
手机、家电等消费电子产品回升势头明显，11月集成电路进口金额增速年内首次转正，进口量连续3个月增长，显示出终端电子产品的出口需求有所改观。?
Mobile phones, home appliances and other consumer electronics have seen a notable momentum of recovery and growth. In November [2023], integrated circuit imports registered positive growth in value for the first time in 2023, with the volume of imports increasing for three consecutive months, showing the improvement in export demand for electronic products.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 一大批中国企业在南非拓展业务、回馈社会，“南非制造”的中国品牌汽车和家电深受当地消费者喜爱，走进南非千家万户。?
Many Chinese companies are expanding their operation and at the same time taking more social responsibilities in South Africa. Automobiles and home appliances with Chinese brands yet made in South Africa are very popular among local consumers, and are now owned by numerous South African households.? (Xi_Jinping_Article_ Sailing the Giant Ship of China-South Africa Friendship and Cooperation Toward Greater Success_2023_08_21)?
?? 家电消费是居民消费的重要组成部分。去年以来，商务部等13部门出台了促进绿色智能家电消费的若干措施，在稳定家电整体消费、释放绿色智能家电消费潜力等方面发挥了积极作用。 今年1-5月，限额以上单位家用电器和音像器材类商品零售额3133亿元，基本恢复到去年同期水平。近期，商务部会同相关部门印发《关于做好2023年促进绿色智能家电消费工作的通知》，将重点从三个方面推动加快恢复和扩大家电消费：一是继续组织开展家电消费促进活动。据不完全统计，今年以来，各地计划投入的促进家电消费资金超过25亿元，安排的大型家电消费促进活动超过300场。例如，北京多批次发放京彩绿色消费券、福建启动全闽乐购·家居家电消费季等，积极促进绿色智能家电消费。下一步，商务部将会同相关部门继续加强统筹指导，鼓励有条件的地方举办更多形式新颖、内容丰富的消费促进活动，为消费者提供更好的家电消费体验，满足多元消费需求。二是深入推进家电以旧换新和绿色智能家电下乡。当前，家电换新升级的消费需求继续增长。 据主要电商平台销售数据，1-5月，家电以旧换新和绿色智能家电下乡销售额同比分别增长83.7%和12.6%。我们将推动地方结合消费市场特点和本地实际情况，制定完善工作方案，抓好组织实施，不断深化家电以旧换新和绿色智能家电下乡。三是持续优化完善家电消费环境。售后服务是消费环境的重要组成，也是居民消费的重要关注。商务部将同相关部门一道，加快实施家电售后服务提升行动，指导各地挖掘培育一批家电售后服务领跑企业，带动提升售后服务整体水平，着力解决售后服务不规范等问题，让家电消费能够更放心、更安心。?
The consumption of home appliances is a crucial part of household consumption. Last year, MOFCOM and other 12 authorities published the measures to promote the consumption of green and smart home appliances, which played a positive role in stabilizing the overall consumption of home appliances and unleashing the potential of green and smart home appliances. In the first five months of this year, retail sales of household appliances and audio-visual equipment above the designated threshold reached RMB313.3 billion, almost recovering to the same level as last year. Recently, MOFCOM and other authorities published the Notice on Promoting the Consumption of Green and Smart Home Appliances in 2023, which will push for the recovery and expansion of the consumption of home appliances from three aspects:? First, we will continue to hold promotional events for the consumption of home appliances. According to available statistics, the combined investments for such consumption promotion across China is estimated to be over RMB2.5 billion, with over 300 promotional events for the consumption of large household appliances. For example, Beijing will offer green consumption coupons in several batches; Fujian province will launch the home appliances shopping season to promote the consumption of green and smart home appliances. In the next step, MOFCOM, together with other authorities, will continue to enhance coordination and guidance, encourage localities with the right conditions to hold more promotional events in creative forms, so as to provide better experience for consumers and meet their diversified needs.? Second, we will move forward the initiatives for home appliances recycling and making green and smart home appliances available in the countryside. We observed continued growth in the consumption demand for the upgrading of home appliances. Sales data of major e-commerce platforms show that sales of home appliances recycling and in the countryside grew by 83.7% and 12.6% in the first five months of this year. We will enhance and implement our work plans in line with the local conditions and dynamics of the consumption market to move forward these two initiatives.?? Third, we will continue to optimize the consumption environment for home alliances. After-sales services is an important part of consumption and a big concern of consumers. MOFCOM, together with other authorities, will speed up the implementation of the initiative to improve after-sales service. We will provide guidance as localities foster leading businesses that excel in after-sales service to drive the overall improvement of after-sales service, especially by addressing the lack of standard process in after-sales services. We hope these efforts can boost consumers’ confidence in after-sales services.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_June 15, 2023)?
?? 面对需求不足甚至出现收缩,推动消费尽快恢复.多渠道促进居民增收,提高中低收入群体收入.支持汽车、家电等大宗消费,汽车保有量突破３亿辆、增长４６.７％.?
In the face of insufficient and even shrinking demand, we acted to secure a swift recovery in consumption. We promoted personal income growth through various avenues and saw the earnings of middle- and low-income groups rise. Spending on automobiles, home appliances, and other big-ticket items was supported. The number of cars in use in China topped 300 million, an increase of 46.7 percent compared to five years ago.? (政府工作报告_2023)?
?? 稳定增加汽车、家电等大宗消费，取消对二手车交易不合理限制，增加停车场、充电桩、换电站等设施，加快建设动力电池回收利用体系。?
We will encourage steady increases in spending on home appliances, automobiles, and other big-ticket items, and abolish excessive restrictions on sales of second-hand vehicles. More car parks and electric vehicle battery charging and swapping facilities will be built, and the system for recycling power batteries will be developed at a faster pace.? (政府工作报告_2021)
欧洲媒体报道，欧盟国家12月7日就“净零工业法案”达成共同立场，同意继续允许中国产品参与大多数可再生能源补贴计划。?
It is reported that EU countries reached a common ground on the Net-Zero Industry Act on December 7 [2023], agreeing to continue to allow Chinese products to be part of most renewable energy subsidy programs.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)
Current quote:
今年，我们报请国务院出台《关于推动外贸稳规模优结构的意见》，鼓励各地方发展“跨境电商+产业带”。?
This year, [2024] we have submitted to the State Council the Opinions on Maintaining Stable Scale and Improving the Structure of Foreign Trade to encourage local governments to develop cross-border e-commerce and foster industrial belts.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 积极发展“跨境电商+产业带”模式，带动跨境电商B2B出口。?
We will foster the model of cross-border e-commerce plus industry belts to drive B2B export enabled by cross-border e-commerce.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_June 15, 2023)?
?? 。。。促进创新发展。指导地方结合本地实际，发展“跨境电商+产业带”，推动更多特色产品进入国际市场。继续结合跨境电商发展新特点新趋势，优化调整考核评估指标，通过评估引导综试区优化发展环境，提升创新水平。指导行业商协会组织制定外贸产品绿色低碳标准，支持相关产品开拓国际市场。?
... promoting innovation and development. We will guide localities in developing "cross-border e-commerce+industrial belt" in light of local conditions and promote more featured products in entering the international market. Based on the new characteristics and trends of cross-border e-commerce, we will optimize and adjust the evaluation indicators, and guide the comprehensive pilot areas in optimizing the development environment and enhance the level of innovation through such evaluations. We will guide trade associations in formulating green and low-carbon standards for foreign trade products, and support related products to explore the international market.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_April 27, 2023)
汽车产业是中德经贸合作的亮点和标杆。据中方统计，汽车及零部件是中国自德第一大进口商品，今年前10个月进口额近200亿美元，占中国自德进口总额的21.9%。?
The automobile industry is a highlight and model in China-Germany economic and trade cooperation. According to Chinese statistics, automobiles and spare parts represent China’s largest imports from Germany. In the first ten months of this year, the imports were worth nearly USD20 billion, accounting for 21.9% of China’s total import from Germany.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 中方认为，此次反补贴调查不符合中欧双方汽车产业的利益，严重扰乱和扭曲包括欧盟在内的全球汽车产业链供应链，不利于中欧乃至全球应对气候变化，并将对中欧经贸关系产生负面影响。中欧经贸合作的本质是优势互补、互利共赢。我们希望欧委会能够认真听取各方意见，摒弃贸易保护主义做法，支持中欧汽车产业深化贸易投资合作，促进互利共赢发展，为中欧共同应对气候变化、实现绿色转型创造良好环境。?
China believes that this countervailing investigation is not in the interests of the automobile industries of China and Europe, and seriously disrupts and distorts the global automobile supply and industrial chains, including the European Union. This harms the response to climate change by China, Europe and the world, and will have a negative impact on China-EU economic and trade relations. The China-EU economic and trade cooperation is about complementary advantages and mutual benefits. We hope that the European Commission can carefully hear the views of all parties, abandon trade protectionist practices, support Chinese and EU automobile industries in deepening trade and investment cooperation, promote mutually beneficial and win-win development, and create a sound environment for China and Europe to jointly respond to climate change and achieve green transformation.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 7, 2023)?
?? 3月31日，商务部召开汽车产业链外资企业座谈会，及时了解企业经营情况和政策诉求。与会外资企业对中国营商环境和市场潜力的评价主要集中在以下三方面：一是对中国市场的成长性充满信心。有企业谈到，尽管2021年汽车产业面临芯片短缺、疫情影响等挑战，但中国汽车市场产销量同比分别增长3.4%和3.8%，尤其是新能源汽车市场表现突出，产销量都超过350万辆，同比增长1.6倍。与会企业普遍看好中国长期稳定发展的经济前景和市场潜力，表示将坚持把中国作为最重要的海外市场之一。二是对中国扩大开放政策表示欢迎。多家企业认为，去年中国推出了2021年版外资准入负面清单，全面放开了汽车制造领域外资股比限制，为外资车企在华发展提供了更为广阔的空间，中国坚持开放的决心令人振奋。三是对中国经济发展战略表现出浓厚的兴趣。与会企业普遍认为，中国正在加快实现创新发展和绿色发展，有利于在华外资车企实施电动化战略，不少企业表示将继续在新能源汽车制造和技术研发等方面加大在华投资力度。座谈会上，相关企业也围绕畅通物流运输、稳定产业链供应链、进一步加强政策制订过程中的沟通、促进行业标准国际交流合作等，提出了具体建议和诉求。下一步，商务部将会同相关部门，继续与外资企业加强交流，及时解决困难问题，为企业提供更好服务保障。我们相信，开放的中国大市场，必将为各国企业在华发展提供更多机遇。?
On March 31 [2022], MOFCOM held a symposium with FIEs involved in the automobile industrial chain to understand their current business operations and policy demands. Participating FIEs pointed to three aspects regarding their observations on China’s business environment and market potential. First, they had full confidence in the future growth of the Chinese market. Some businesses said that production output and sales of the automobile market in China increased by 3.4% and 3.8% respectively despite chip shortage and the spread of Covid-19 in 2021. They also highlighted the outstanding performance of new energy vehicles (NEV) with both output and sales exceeding 3.5 million, up by 1.6 times compared to the same period of last year. Being optimistic of China’s long-term prospect of stable growth, many enterprises still saw China as one of the most important overseas markets. Second, FIEs welcomed China’s policy of expanding opening-up. Many business leaders said that the negative list for foreign investment market access introduced last year removed foreign equity cap for the car manufacturing sector, thus opening up broader space for foreign automobile companies’ development in China. They also found China’s commitment to opening-up very encouraging. Third, FIEs were strongly interested in China’s economic development strategies. Many believed that the innovative and green development philosophy China is pursuing now would facilitate automobile FIEs to follow through the electrification strategy, and they would invest more in NEV manufacturing and technology R&D in China. At the symposium, some companies also offered recommendations and raised concerns on ensuring unimpeded logistics and stable industrial and supply chains, strengthening communication in policy-making and promoting international cooperation and exchanges on industrial standards, etc. Moving forward, MOFCOM will work with relevant departments to keep stepping up communication with FIEs to timely address their difficulties and better support their development in China. We believe that our open and mega-sized market will create more opportunities for foreign companies to grow in China.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_April 14, 2022)?
?? 去年全球集成电路制造产能持续紧张，各行各业都陆续面临着“缺芯”的问题，对全球产业发展业绩造成了较大的影响。其中特别是汽车产业受到的冲击最大，国内许多家车企因此出现了减产或短期的停产问题。我们了解分析，这里面主要是两个方面的原因。一方面，随着社会智能化程度的不断提升，芯片作为智能设备最关键的组成部分，需求在持续增长。另一方面，全球疫情蔓延，还有一些个别国家对他国企业进行无理的制裁和打压，都对全球半导体供应链造成了严重冲击。综合多种因素的叠加，也客观上造成了“缺芯”问题的出现。随着市场调节机制逐步发挥作用，以及在各级政府、汽车企业、芯片企业的共同努力下，汽车领域的芯片“缺芯”问题正在逐步缓解。但是我们也要看到，全球集成电路供应链稳定性依然面临着严峻的挑战，未来较长一段时期内，这种芯片供应将依然处于紧张状态。?
The manufacturing capacity of integrated circuits continued to be strained last year [2020], which led to a knock-on chip shortage through all sectors and significantly impacted the performance of global industries. In particular, the auto industry was hit worst. Many domestic auto producers have cut production or suspended production in the short term. According to our analysis, there are two reasons behind it. On the one hand, with upgrading social intelligence, the demand for chips – the most critical component in smart equipment – continues to grow. On the other hand, as the pandemic spreads globally, some countries are still imposing unjustified sanctions and suppression of enterprises from other countries, which has severely hit the global semiconductor supply chain. These overlapping factors have given rise to the chip shortage. As the market adjustment mechanism gradually plays its role, together with the joint efforts of governments, auto, and chip producers, the chip shortage in the auto sector is easing gradually. But we should also see that the stability of the global supply chain of integrated circuits is still facing severe challenges, and the chip supply will remain strained for a long time to come.? (SCIO briefing on the development of industry and information technology in 2021_2022_01_20)
... 商务部跟踪调查显示，外贸企业出口订单情况连续6个月好转。企业预期持续改善。?
... business expectations continue to improve. According to the monitoring and survey of MOFCOM, the export orders of foreign trade enterprises have improved for six consecutive months.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 近期包括美资企业在内的一些外资企业向我们反映，他们深耕中国市场几十年，很希望扩大在华业务，而当前影响在华投资和运营的最大风险就是中美关系，大大增加了企业预期的不稳定性。我们认为，最好的“去风险”方式就是回到两国元首巴厘岛会晤共识，使中美经贸关系重回健康、稳定发展轨道，更好发挥双边经贸关系“压舱石”作用，稳定企业预期，增强企业开展贸易投资合作信心。?
Recently, some foreign-invested companies, including those from the US, reported to us that they had cultivated the Chinese market for decades and were keen to expand business in China. That said, the biggest risk facing their investment and operations in China was Sino-US relations, significantly increasing instability over business expectations. We believe that the best derisking is to return to the two presidents’ consensus in Bali and bring Sino-US trade and economic relationship back to a healthy and stable track to tap its role of ballast, stabilize business expectations, and boost business confidence in trade and investment.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_August 31, 2023)?
?? 3月进出口增速回升，既有去年同期基数相对较低的原因，也有累积订单集中释放、跨境运输更加通畅、组团出海初见成效、企业预期有所回暖等因素支撑。?
The reasons for such growth are manifold, including a low aggregate last year, robust orders driven by pent-up demand, smoother cross-border transportation, outcomes of sending Chinese trade delegations overseas, recovery of business expectations, among other factors.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_April 20, 2023)?
?? 外贸外资协调机制重点外资项目工作专班自2020年4月建立以来，深入贯彻党中央、国务院稳外资决策部署，全力以赴做好外资企业和项目的服务保障工作，成为外资企业问题诉求解决的重要渠道，得到了企业的广泛认可，对稳住外资企业预期和信心发挥了积极作用。?
Since its inception in April 2020, the task force for key foreign investment projects under the foreign trade and foreign investment mechanism has made every effort to ensure sound service and support to FIEs and foreign-invested projects, in line with the decisions and plans of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council. As an important channel for foreign enterprises to solve their problems, it has been widely recognized by enterprises and played a positive role in stabilizing the expectations and confidence of foreign enterprises.?
?? 经过艰苦努力,当前消费需求、市场流通、工业生产、企业预期等明显向好,经济增长正在企稳向上,我国经济有巨大潜力和发展动力.?
Thanks to our dedicated work, consumer demand, market distribution, industrial production, and business expectations have all markedly improved. China’s economy is staging a steady recovery and demonstrating vast potential and momentum for further growth.? (政府工作报告_2023)
Current quote:
领英推荐
中共中央总书记、国家主席习近平对越南进行国事访问期间，与越共中央总书记阮富仲举行会谈，双方宣布中越两党两国关系新定位，在深化中越全面战略合作伙伴关系基础上，携手构建具有战略意义的中越命运共同体。商务部将与越南相关部门一道，认真落实两党两国最高领导人达成的重要共识，推动双方务实合作提质升级。 ... 四是深化多边合作。中越双方将加强在RCEP、APEC和WTO等机制下的合作，维护全球自由贸易体系，构筑安全稳定、畅通高效、开放包容、互利共赢的全球产业链供应链体系。?
Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and Chinese president, paid a state visit to Vietnam and held talks with General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) Central Committee Nguyen Phu Trong. The two sides announced the new positioning of the relationship between the CPC and CPV and the two nations and agreed to jointly build a China-Vietnam community with a shared future based on deepening the comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership. MOFCOM will work with relevant authorities in Vietnam to implement the important consensus reached between the top leaders of the CPC and CPV and the two countries, and bring the bilateral practical cooperation to a higher level. ... Fourth, we will deepen multilateral cooperation. China and Vietnam will strengthen cooperation under RCEP, APEC, WTO and other mechanisms, and safeguard the global free trade system, and build secure, stable, unimpeded, efficient, open, inclusive and mutually beneficial global industrial and supply chains. Thank you.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 中方高度重视中日韩自贸协定谈判。此前，三方就打造全面、高水平、互惠且具有自身价值的中日韩自贸协定达成重要共识，并一致同意在RCEP基础上，进一步提升货物贸易、服务贸易、投资自由化的水平和规则标准，打造“RCEP+”的自贸协定。中日韩三国产业关联度高、经济互补性强。中日韩自贸协定一旦达成，将在现有自贸合作基础上，推动三国进一步相互扩大市场开放、降低贸易壁垒、增进贸易投资、优化营商环境，为三方企业和人民带来实实在在的好处。当前，RCEP已全面生效实施，为恢复中日韩自贸协定谈判创造了积极条件。中方愿与日方和韩方一道，推动谈判早日重启，为区域乃至全球经济的稳定复苏作出积极贡献。?
China is strongly committed to the China-Japan-ROK FTA negotiations. The three sides have reached important consensus on creating a comprehensive, high-standard and mutually-beneficial free trade agreement that has its own value, and unanimously agreed to further enhance the level and rule standards of trade in goods and services and investment liberalization, with a view to building a “RCEP+” FTA. China, Japan and the ROK enjoy high industrial interdependence and strong economic complementarity. The FTA, once reached, will further open up the markets of the three countries, lower trade barriers, boost trade and investment and improve business environment on top of the current free trade cooperation, thus delivering tangible benefits to the businesses and peoples of the three countries. The full entry into force of RCEP creates favorable conditions for the resumption of the FTA negotiations. China stands ready to work with the other two countries to push for the resumption of the FTA talks and contribute to the stable recovery of the regional and world economies.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_November 30, 2023)?
?? RCEP是东亚经济一体化的重要里程碑。RCEP的全面生效充分体现了15方以实际行动支持多边贸易体制，共同致力于不断推进全面、互利和高水平的经济伙伴关系。中方愿与各方共同实施好RCEP，为深化区域经济一体化、促进地区乃至全球经济增长注入更多动力。?
RCEP is a major milestone in East Asian economic integration. The full entry into force of RCEP fully demonstrates that the 15 parties have taken practical steps to support the multilateral trading system, and are committed to continuously promoting a comprehensive, mutually beneficial and high-level economic partnership. China will work with all parties to implement RCEP well and inject more impetus for deepening regional economic integration and promoting growth in the region and the world as a whole.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on June 2, 2023)?
?? 以RCEP生效实施为契机，加大对自贸协定的宣介、推广、培训，提升自贸协定综合利用率，让协定更好更快惠及企业和人民。?
With the entry into force and implementation of RCEP, we will step up FTA communication, promotion and training and enhance the overall utility of FTAs, so that they can benefit businesses and people better and faster.? (Regular Press Conference of MOFCOM_September 22, 2022)
Current quote:
下一步，我们将继续坚持问题导向，规范与发展并重，重点做好三方面工作。 ... 二是促进数据共享。加强海外智慧物流平台建设，进一步优化跨境电商综试区线上综合服务平台功能，引导更多跨境电商企业、海外仓企业等对接。?
Going forward, we will continue to be problem-oriented, place equal emphasis on regulation and development, and focus on three aspects.? ... Second, we will promote data sharing. We will strengthen the building of overseas smart logistics platforms, optimize the online integrated service platforms in cross-border e-commerce pilot areas, and match more cross-border e-commerce enterprises with overseas warehouse enterprises.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 中方提出“四项原则”、“五点主张”、“四个共同”，发布《全球数据安全倡议》《全球人工智能治理倡议》《“一带一路”数字经济国际合作北京倡议》，积极参与亚太经合组织、二十国集团、世贸组织等多边框架下的数字经济合作，全面推进“中国—东盟信息港”“数字化中欧班列”“中阿网上丝绸之路”等重点项目建设，实现“数字丝路地球大数据平台”多语言数据共享，得到国际社会广泛认可。?
China has proposed the four-point principle on global internet governance, a five-point proposal on building a community with a shared future in cyberspace and a four-point call for common action on forging a better cyberspace. China released the Global Initiative on Data Security, Global AI Governance Initiative and the Beijing Initiative on Belt and Road International Digital Economy Cooperation. We have actively participated in digital economy cooperation under multilateral frameworks, including APEC, the G20, and the WTO. China has been fully advancing major projects, including the China-ASEAN Information Harbor, digital development of the China-Europe Railway Express and China-Arab Online Silk Road, and realized multi-language data sharing via the DBAR Big Earth Data System, which has been widely recognized by the international community.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on November 10, 2023)?
?? 加强数字政府建设，推动政务数据共享，进一步压减各类证明事项，扩大“跨省通办”范围，基本实现电子证照互通互认，便利企业跨区域经营，加快解决群众关切事项的异地办理问题。?
We will work to build a digital government and promote the sharing of government data. We will continue to reduce various certification requirements and provide more government services on a cross-provincial basis. We will basically realize mutual nationwide recognition of electronic licenses and certificates to facilitate enterprises with trans-regional operations, and provide people with greater access to important services outside of their home jurisdiction.? (政府工作报告_2022)?
?? 深化投资在线平台创新应用、建立与银行等金融机构的投融资审批数据共享机制。?
We will explore new applications of online platforms for investment and establish data sharing mechanisms for investment and financing approval with banks and other financial institutions.? (Report on the Implementation of the 2022 Plan for National Economic and Social Development and on the 2023 Draft Plan for National Economic and Social Development_2023_03_05)?
?? 加快推进航天法立法，构建完善以航天法为核心的航天法制体系，促进法治航天建设。研究制定卫星导航条例，规范和加强卫星导航活动管理。修订空间物体登记管理办法，持续规范空间数据共享和使用管理、民用航天发射许可管理。?
To promote law-based governance of the space industry, China will speed up the formulation of a national space law and establish a legal system with this law at the core. This will include studying and formulating regulations on satellite navigation, strengthening the management of satellite navigation activities, revising measures for the registration of space objects, and regulating the sharing and use of space data and the licensing of civil space launches.? (White_Paper_China's Space Program_A 2021 Perspective_《2021中国的航天》_2022_01_28)
Current quote:
过去40多年来，德国主要整车企业和零部件供应商纷纷来华投资设厂，与中方合作伙伴“双向奔赴”，开展了卓有成效的合作，实现了互利共赢、共同发展。近期，不少德国车企陆续宣布加大在华研发投入和新能源布局，这是对中国市场投下的“信任票”。与此同时，中国汽车企业也不断加大在德国等欧洲国家投资经营。?
Over the past four decades, major German auto makers and parts suppliers have invested and built factories in China, and engaged in effective and win-win cooperation with their Chinese partners. Recently, many German automakers have made announcement to increase their investment in R&D and new energy vehicles in China, which represents a vote of confidence in the Chinese market. In the meantime, Chinese automakers are also increasing investment and operations in Germany and other European countries.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term;
?? 中欧班列源自中国，联通亚欧，惠及世界。习近平主席在第三届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛开幕式上宣布，将加快推进中欧班列高质量发展。中方将继续同亚欧伙伴合作，开启中欧班列满载机遇、“双向奔赴”的下一个十年，驶向高质量共建“一带一路”的美好未来。?
The China-Europe Railway Express originates from China, connects Asia and Europe, and benefits the whole world. President Xi Jinping announced at the opening ceremony of the Third Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation that China will speed up high-quality development of the China-Europe Railway Express. China will continue to work with partners in Asia and Europe to usher in another decade of a two-way journey full of opportunities and to embrace a bright future of high-quality Belt and Road cooperation.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on December 1, 2023)?
?? 中国贸促会最新调研结果显示，98.2%的受访外资企业和外国商协会对中国今年经济发展前景抱有信心，表示将继续在华投资，分享中国发展红利。这充分展现出中国吸引外资和外商青睐中国的“双向奔赴”仍在继续。?
According to the latest data from the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, 98.2% of the surveyed foreign-funded enterprises and foreign business associations expressed their confidence in China’s economic prospects this year and their readiness to continue investing in China and sharing China’s development dividends. This fully shows that the Chinese market and foreign businesses will continue to be drawn to each other.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on February 24, 2023)
近几个月，中国货物贸易呈现回稳向上的势头，以人民币计进出口增速连续4个月回升，10月、11月均实现正增长。 ... 外部需求呈现回暖迹象。11月当月，中国对美出口结束14个月的下降，转为增长9.6%，对日、韩等进出口降幅收窄。手机、家电等消费电子产品回升势头明显，11月集成电路进口金额增速年内首次转正，进口量连续3个月增长，显示出终端电子产品的出口需求有所改观。?
In recent months, China’s trade in goods has shown a steady upward momentum, and the growth rate of imports and exports in renminbi terms has picked up for four consecutive months, with positive growth in October and November [2023]. ... external demand shows signs of recovery. In November, China’s exports to the United States grew by 9.6%, ending a 14-month decline, while the decrease in imports from and exports to Japan and South Korea narrowed. Mobile phones, home appliances and other consumer electronics have seen a notable momentum of recovery and growth. In November, integrated circuit imports registered positive growth in value for the first time in 2023, with the volume of imports increasing for three consecutive months, showing the improvement in export demand for electronic products.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)
Current quote:
中国始终致力于建设市场化、法治化、国际化一流营商环境，更好服务外商投资企业。 ... 比如，延长外籍人员三项补贴个税减免和外资研发中心采购国产设备退税政策，完善网络侵权保护工作，对6个国家持普通护照人员实行单方面免签政策，便利外国人来华签证申请等。?
China is committed to building a world-class business environment based on market principles, governed by a sound legal framework, and up to international standards, and providing better services to FIEs.? .. .Many specific measures have been introduced as of late, such as extending tax exemption of three types of allowances for foreign expatriates and tax refunds for the purchase of China-made equipment by foreign-invested R&D centers, enhancing protection against online infringement, introducing visa-free entry for ordinary passport holders of six countries, and facilitating visa applications.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 依法严厉打击网络违法犯罪行为，切断网络犯罪利益链条，维护网民在网络空间的合法权益。连续开展打击网络犯罪“净网”专项行动，持续推进专项治理，依法严厉打击黑客攻击、电信网络诈骗、网络侵权盗版等网络犯罪，不断压缩涉网犯罪活动空间，净化网络空间环境。
China has taken tough actions against cybercrimes in accordance with the law, and cut through the interest chains behind the criminality, so as to protect the netizens’ legitimate rights and interests in cyberspace. It has launched the “Clean Cyberspace” campaign and other special campaigns against cybercrimes like hacking, telecom and online fraud, and online infringement and piracy, restricting the space available for internet crimes, and working to build a clean cyberspace.? (White_Paper_Jointly Build a Community with a Shared Future in Cyberspace_ 携手构建网络空间命运共同体_2022_11_07)?
?? 2019年至2020年，全国各级人民法院一审审结网络侵权责任纠纷案件分别为4059件、4058件。?
In 2019 and 2020, people's courts at all levels concluded 4,059 and 4,058 cases at first instance on online infringement liability.? (White_Paper_Moderate Prosperity in All Respects- Another Milestone Achieved in China's Human Rights_《全面建成小康社会：中国人权事业发展的光辉》_2021_08_12)?
?? 加大行政执法力度，针对重点违法领域，开展专利“护航”行动、打击网络侵权盗版“剑网”行动、出版物版权“扫黄打非”和“秋风”行动、打击侵权假冒的“网剑行动”“质检利剑”打假行动等专项行动，有效保护了知识产权。?
China strengthened administrative law enforcement on intellectual property protection and launched special campaigns targeting outstanding problems, which effectively protected intellectual property rights. Such campaigns include "Convoy Campaign" for protecting patent rights, the "Sword-net Campaign" for combating online infringement and piracy, the "Sweeping Campaign" for cracking down pornography and illegal publication in the copyright field, the "Network Sword Campaign" for combating IPR infringements and counterfeits and the "Sword Actions on Quality Control" for cracking down counterfeits.? (White_Paper_China and the World Trade Organization_《中国与世界贸易组织》_2018_06_28)
Current quote:
下一步，我们将继续坚持问题导向，规范与发展并重，重点做好三方面工作。一是加强能力建设。充分发挥行业组织作用，聚焦平台合规、知识产权保护等企业关注问题开展培训，助力跨境电商企业开拓海外市场。二是促进数据共享。加强海外智慧物流平台建设，进一步优化跨境电商综试区线上综合服务平台功能，引导更多跨境电商企业、海外仓企业等对接。三是加快标准建设。我国在跨境电商领域已形成国标、行标等各类标准百余项。我们将鼓励各地结合实际，将更多内容成熟、应用效果好的做法转化成为标准。?
Going forward, we will continue to be problem-oriented, place equal emphasis on regulation and development, and focus on three aspects. First, we will strengthen capacity building. We will give full play to the role of industry organizations to provide training on issues of concern when cross-border e-commerce enterprises explore overseas markets, such as compliance and intellectual property protection. Second, we will promote data sharing. We will strengthen the building of overseas smart logistics platforms, optimize the online integrated service platforms in cross-border e-commerce pilot areas, and match more cross-border e-commerce enterprises with overseas warehouse enterprises. Third, we will accelerate standard-setting. China has created more than 100 national and industry standards for cross-border e-commerce operation. We will encourage local governments to turn more tested and effective practices into standards that are fitting for local conditions.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 下一步，军队各级将坚决贯彻党中央、中央军委和习主席指示要求，紧紧围绕如期实现建军一百年奋斗目标，坚持问题导向，密切军地协作，依法推动解决危害国防安全的重大问题、保障军事行动的难点问题、影响部队安全稳定的突出问题，积极开创新时代新征程涉军维权工作新局面。?
Following the instructions and requirements of the CPCCC, the CMC and President Xi, the military will focus on achieving the centenary goal, stay problem-oriented and maintain closer civil-military coordination to reduce risks to national defense security, overcome difficulties in supporting military operations, and eliminate insecure and unstable factors in the military, and open up new prospects for military-related rights protection.? (Regular Press Conference of China's Ministry of National Defense on November 30, 2023)?
?? 我们将按照党中央、国务院决策部署，坚持问题导向和目标导向，立足当前、着眼长远，着力抓落实、稳出口、扩进口、促创新，加力推动外贸稳规模、优结构。?
Following the decisions by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council and in view of both current and longer-term needs, we will take a problem and result-oriented approach, make all-out efforts in the pursuit of a stable scale and improved structure of foreign trade by maintaining steady export, increasing import, and promoting innovation.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_April 27, 2023)?
?? 必须坚持问题导向。问题是时代的声音，回答并指导解决问题是理论的根本任务。今天我们所面临问题的复杂程度、解决问题的艰巨程度明显加大，给理论创新提出了全新要求。?
We must adopt a problem-oriented approach. Problems represent the voice of the times. The fundamental task of theory is to respond to problems and provide guidelines for finding solutions. The problems we face today are considerably more complex, and resolving them has become much more difficult. This presents a completely new challenge for theoretical innovation.? (Xi_Jinping_Speech at the 20th National Party Congress_2022_10_16)?
?? 始终传承5000年中华文明，注重从中华优秀传统文化中汲取智慧和养分；始终准确把握中国所处的历史阶段，紧密结合经济社会发展水平推进民主，积极稳妥、稳中求进，不好高骛远，不急于求成，不犯颠覆性错误； 始终坚持问题导向，不断发现问题、善于解决问题，每解决一个问题就把民主建设向前推进一步，不断推动民主制度体系更加成熟、更加定型。?
Always drawing wisdom and strength from its 5,000-year-old culture and fine traditions, and based on a correct understanding of its current development stage and its economic and social conditions, China has made active and prudent efforts to advance democracy. To avoid fatal errors, it never seeks unrealistic goals or over-extends itself in pursuit of quick success. Instead, it focuses on identifying and resolving each and every problem, and presses ahead with democracy step by step to make the system more mature and well-defined.? (White_Paper_Democracy in China_《中国的民主》_2021_12_04)
中共中央总书记、国家主席习近平对越南进行国事访问期间，与越共中央总书记阮富仲举行会谈，双方宣布中越两党两国关系新定位，在深化中越全面战略合作伙伴关系基础上，携手构建具有战略意义的中越命运共同体。商务部将与越南相关部门一道，认真落实两党两国最高领导人达成的重要共识，推动双方务实合作提质升级。 ... 四是深化多边合作。中越双方将加强在RCEP、APEC和WTO等机制下的合作，维护全球自由贸易体系，构筑安全稳定、畅通高效、开放包容、互利共赢的全球产业链供应链体系。?
Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and Chinese president, paid a state visit to Vietnam and held talks with General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) Central Committee Nguyen Phu Trong. The two sides announced the new positioning of the relationship between the CPC and CPV and the two nations and agreed to jointly build a China-Vietnam community with a shared future based on deepening the comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership. MOFCOM will work with relevant authorities in Vietnam to implement the important consensus reached between the top leaders of the CPC and CPV and the two countries, and bring the bilateral practical cooperation to a higher level. ... Fourth, we will deepen multilateral cooperation. China and Vietnam will strengthen cooperation under RCEP, APEC, WTO and other mechanisms, and safeguard the global free trade system, and build secure, stable, unimpeded, efficient, open, inclusive and mutually beneficial global industrial and supply chains. Thank you.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)
近几个月，中国货物贸易呈现回稳向上的势头，以人民币计进出口增速连续4个月回升，10月、11月均实现正增长。 ... 外部需求呈现回暖迹象。11月当月，中国对美出口结束14个月的下降，转为增长9.6%，对日、韩等进出口降幅收窄。手机、家电等消费电子产品回升势头明显，11月集成电路进口金额增速年内首次转正，进口量连续3个月增长，显示出终端电子产品的出口需求有所改观。?
Mobile phones, home appliances and other consumer electronics have seen a notable momentum of recovery and growth. In November [2023], integrated circuit imports registered positive growth in value for the first time in 2023, with the volume of imports increasing for three consecutive months, showing the improvement in export demand for electronic products.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)
Current quote:
过去40多年来，德国主要整车企业和零部件供应商纷纷来华投资设厂，与中方合作伙伴“双向奔赴”，开展了卓有成效的合作，实现了互利共赢、共同发展。近期，不少德国车企陆续宣布加大在华研发投入和新能源布局，这是对中国市场投下的“信任票”。与此同时，中国汽车企业也不断加大在德国等欧洲国家投资经营。?
Over the past four decades, major German auto makers and parts suppliers have invested and built factories in China, and engaged in effective and win-win cooperation with their Chinese partners. Recently, many German automakers have made announcement to increase their investment in R&D and new energy vehicles in China, which represents a vote of confidence in the Chinese market. In the meantime, Chinese automakers are also increasing investment and operations in Germany and other European countries.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 我们也看到，近期，众多跨国公司高管纷纷掀起“访华潮”，对中国经济投下“信任票”。外商看重中国经济复苏带来的巨大机遇，看好中国不断优化的营商环境，纷纷表示对中国市场充满信心，将继续全方位投资中国。根据中国贸促会近期的调研报告，97%的受访外资企业对去年第四季度以来中国政府出台的外资政策评价为“满意”以上，对获取金融服务、市场准入等指标的满意度均超过80%。中国欧盟商会发布的报告显示，中国的市场规模、旺盛的需求、研发成果快速商用的能力以及充足的本土人才等因素，促使大批欧洲企业在中国开展本土研发，近六成受访企业表示未来五年将增加在华研发支出。中国美国商会的调查结果也显示，66%的在华美企将在未来两年保持或增加对华投资。?
We have also seen senior executives of many transnational corporations coming to China recently, which is also a vote of confidence for China’s economy. Foreign businesses value the enormous opportunities brought by China’s robust economic recovery and consider the improving business environment here a favorable sign. They are upbeat about the Chinese market and ready to invest in all aspects in China. According to a recent report by the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, 97 percent of the surveyed foreign companies rated China’s foreign investment policy since the fourth quarter of last year “satisfied” or above. The satisfaction rate in terms of accessing financial services and market access exceeded 80 percent. A report issued by the EU Chamber of Commerce in China indicates that the size of China’s market, strong demand, the fast pace of commercialization of R&D results and ample local talents steer a large share of European companies towards deeper localization, and close to 60 percent of the companies surveyed said that they would increase R&D expenditure in China in the coming five years. An AmCham China survey shows that 66 percent of US companies in China will maintain or increase investment in China in the coming two years.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on June 8, 2023)?
?? 中国美国商会发布的这份报告再次印证了外资企业对中国投资和营商环境的认同。这是对中国发展投下的“信任票”。?
The survey report released by the American Chamber of Commerce in the People’s Republic of China (AmCham China) is further endorsement by foreign businesses of China’s investment and business environment and a vote of confidence in China’s development.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on March 8, 2022)
?? 除了你刚才提到的新设外资企业数量大幅增长外，在华外资企业也纷纷表示将扩大在华投资。这是外商对中国经济投出的信任票，充分表明中国营商环境持续改善进一步增强了外资企业在华投资经营的信心。?
Besides the significant growth of the number of the newly established foreign-funded enterprises you mentioned, foreign businesses in China also expressed readiness to expand investment in China.? This is a vote of confidence cast for China’s economy, which fully indicates that the continuous improvement in China’s business environment has further strengthened foreign companies’ confidence in investing in China.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on February 22, 2022)
中国出口贸易量自8月起同比由降转增，且增幅持续扩大，11月当月出口量增长12%，达到二季度以来峰值。?
China’s exports have bucked the trend since August, and the growth rate has continued to expand. Exports rose 12% in November [2023], reaching the peak since the second quarter.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)
Current quote:
组织召开跨境电商、海外仓等现场会，举办新业态专题培训，遴选优秀实践案例，复制推广经验做法，多措并举促进跨境电商健康持续创新发展。?
We [Ministry of Commerce] organized on-site meetings for cross-border e-commerce and overseas warehouses, held special training on new business forms, selected and disseminated best practices, and took multiple measures to promote innovation, and healthy and sustained development of cross-border e-commerce.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 下一步商务部将继续扎实推进综试区建设，重点做好四方面工作： ... 三是推广一批经验做法。开展优秀实践案例遴选，总结梳理成熟的经验做法，向全国复制推广。?
Going forward, MOFCOM will continue to advance the development of comprehensive pilot areas in a solid manner, with its focus on four aspects. ... Third, experiences and practices will be popularized. We will select excellent cases, gather mature experiences and practices, and apply them across the country.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_February 23, 2023)?
?? 出席峰会的联合国教科文组织驻华代表夏泽翰在演讲中表示，他高度赞赏中国充分利用互联网帮助更多人脱贫脱困的举措，愿将中国优秀实践分享至全球。?
Shahbaz Khan, UNESCO Representative to China, said in his speech that he commends China’s actions to give full play to the role of the Internet to help lift more people out of poverty and would like to share its best practice with the world.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on November 10, 2022)
Current quote:
中共中央总书记、国家主席习近平对越南进行国事访问期间，与越共中央总书记阮富仲举行会谈，双方宣布中越两党两国关系新定位，在深化中越全面战略合作伙伴关系基础上，携手构建具有战略意义的中越命运共同体。商务部将与越南相关部门一道，认真落实两党两国最高领导人达成的重要共识，推动双方务实合作提质升级。 ... 三是拓展农业经贸合作空间。用好进博会、广交会、中国—东盟博览会等展会和跨境电商平台，支持扩大自越进口优质农产品。?
Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and Chinese president, paid a state visit to Vietnam and held talks with General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) Central Committee Nguyen Phu Trong. The two sides announced the new positioning of the relationship between the CPC and CPV and the two nations and agreed to jointly build a China-Vietnam community with a shared future based on deepening the comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership. MOFCOM will work with relevant authorities in Vietnam to implement the important consensus reached between the top leaders of the CPC and CPV and the two countries, and bring the bilateral practical cooperation to a higher level. .... Third, we will expand areas of agricultural economic and trade cooperation. We will make good use of exhibitions and cross-border e-commerce platforms such as the CIIE, the Canton Fair and the China-Asean Expo to import more high-quality agricultural products from Vietnam.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 中国—东盟博览会是深化中国—东盟合作、推进区域经济一体化的重要平台，今年迎来创办20周年。本届东博会以“和合共生建家园，命运与共向未来——推动‘一带一路’高质量发展和打造经济增长中心”为主题。中方愿通过本届盛会，同各方共话机遇、共迎挑战、共谋合作，进一步高质量实施《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》（RCEP），促进中国—东盟贸易投资自由化便利化，提升区域互联互通水平，共同建设开放型区域经济，推动构建更为紧密的中国—东盟命运共同体。?
The China-ASEAN Expo is a key platform for deepening China-ASEAN cooperation and promoting regional economic integration. As we mark its 20th anniversary, this year’s Expo is themed “Work Together for a Harmonious Home and a Shared Future—Promoting High-Quality Development of the Belt and Road and Building an Epicentrum of Growth”. China hopes that this event will be an opportunity for all sides to explore opportunities, meet challenges and pursue cooperation. We will work for the high-quality implementation of RCEP, promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation between China and ASEAN, improve regional connectivity, build an open regional economy, and promote the building of an even closer China-ASEAN community with a shared future.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on September 14, 2023)?
?? 在2021年第四届中国国际进口博览会开幕式上，习近平主席郑重承诺中国扩大高水平开放的决心不会变，同世界分享发展机遇的决心不会变，推动经济全球化朝着更加开放、包容、普惠、平衡、共赢方向发展的决心不会变。同年，中国举办了广交会、服贸会、中国—东盟博览会等一系列展会，为世界各国开拓中国市场、扩大出口提供了良机。?
At the opening ceremony of the fourth China International Import Expo (CIIE) in 2021, President Xi Jinping pledged that we will not change our resolve to open wider at a high standard; we will not change our determination to share development opportunities with the rest of the world; and we will not change our commitment to an economic globalization that is more open, inclusive, balanced and beneficial for all. In the same year, China held a series of fair and expo events including the China Import and Export Fair, the China International Fair for Trade in Services and the China-ASEAN Expo, which have provided good opportunities for other countries to tap a broader China market and expand exports.? (Foreign Ministry? Regular Press Conference on February 9, 2022)
Current quote:
接下来，商务部将按照中央经济工作会议部署，会同相关部门和地方全力培育外贸新动能、巩固外贸外资基本盘、拓展外贸新空间，为广大外贸企业发展创新提供坚实的政策和服务保障。?
Going forward, in accordance with the deployment of the Central Economic Work Conference, MOFCOM will work with relevant ministries and localities to cultivate new growth drivers of foreign trade, keep the fundamentals of foreign trade and foreign investment stable, open new space for foreign trade, and provide strong policy support and efficient services for the development and innovation of foreign trade enterprises.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 日前召开的中央经济工作会议部署明年经济工作任务时，将“着力扩大国内需求”摆在首位，并特别强调“要把恢复和扩大消费摆在优先位置”。?
The Central Economic Work Conference held recently put expanding domestic demand at the top of next year’s economic agenda and highlighted prioritizing consumption recovery and growth.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 29, 2022)?
?? 党的二十大报告对未来五年乃至更长时期推进高水平对外开放作出了战略部署。近日召开的中央经济工作会议，对贯彻落实党的二十大精神，做好2023年外资工作作出了具体安排，强调要更大力度吸引和利用外资。商务部将坚决贯彻落实党的二十大精神和中央经济工作会议要求，坚持稳字当头、稳中求进，围绕稳存量、扩增量、提质量，多措并举，不断提高利用外资的质量和水平。... 中央经济工作会议提出，要扩大市场准入，加大现代服务业领域开放力度。?
The report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has made a strategic plan for the next five years and even a longer period to promote high-level opening up. The recent Central Economic Work Conference has made specific arrangements to implement the spirit of the 20th CPC National Congress and called for greater efforts to attract and utilize foreign investment in 2023. The Ministry of Commerce will resolutely follow through the requirements of the 20th CPC National Congress and the Central Economic Work Conference, give first priority to stability and pursue progress on the basis of stability, stabilize the FDI stock, promote growth, improve the quality, and constantly improve the quality and level of foreign investment through multiple measures. The Central Economic Work Conference proposed to expand market access and further open the market of modern services.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 23, 2022)?
?? 当前我国发展的内外环境发生了深刻变化，去年召开的中央经济工作会议强调，要促进产业链畅通，?
The internal and external environment that China faces has undergone significant changes. The Central Economic Work Conference held last year underlined the smooth operation of the industrial chain.? SCIO briefing on ensuring stability a priority while making new progress in high-quality development_2022_03_07? 今年中央经济工作会议提出要适度超前开展基础设施投资.? The Central Economic Work Conference for 2022 proposed that infrastructure investment should be implemented in advance in a moderate manner.? (SCIO briefing on ensuring stability a priority while making new progress in high-quality development_2022_03_07)
Current quote:
需要指出的是，当前引资规模仍处于历史高位，引资结构不断优化，高技术产业占比提升，外商来华投资热度不减，前10个月，加拿大、英国、法国、瑞士、荷兰等实际对华投资分别增长110.3%、94.6%、90.0%、66.1%和33.0%（含通过自由港投资数据）。?
It’s worth noting that the amount of attracted foreign investment remains high, with a continuously optimizing structure and increasing share of high-tech sectors, reflecting foreign investors’ strong interest in China. From January to October, actual investment of Canada, the UK, France, Switzerland, and the Netherlands in China increased by 110.3%, 94.6%, 90.0%, 66.1%, and 33.0%, respectively (including investment via free ports).? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 14, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 从来源地看，韩国、德国、英国、日本实际对华投资分别增长122.1%、52.6%、33.1%和26.6%（含通过自由港投资数据）。?
In terms of sources, paid-in FDI from ROK, Germany, UK and Japan increased by 122.1%, 52.6%, 33.1% and 26.6% respectively (including investments through free ports).? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_December 23, 2022)?
?? 据俄方统计，2021年上半年，俄远东地区对华贸易额58.2亿美元，同比增长24%；中方有58个项目入驻远东跨越式发展区和符拉迪沃斯托克自由港，中方继续保持俄远东地区第一大贸易伙伴国和第一大外资来源国地位。?
According to Russian statistics, in the first half of 2021, the Russian Far East’s trade with China amounted to USD5.82 billion, up 24% year-on-year; 58 Chinese projects are located in the Far East Development Zone and Vladivostok Free Port, and China continues to maintain its position as the largest trading partner and the largest source of foreign investment in the Russian Far East.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference September 09, 2021)?
?? 支持香港继续保持单独关税区和自由港地位，加强与各国各地区的交流合作，巩固和提升国际金融、航运、贸易中心和国际航空枢纽地位，强化全球离岸人民币业务枢纽、国际资产管理中心及风险管理中心功能，建设国际创新科技中心、亚太区国际法律及解决争议服务中心、区域知识产权贸易中心以及中外文化艺术交流中心。?
We support Hong Kong in continuing to be a separate customs territory and a free port, in strengthening global exchanges and cooperation, in consolidating its international status as a financial, shipping and trade center and an aviation hub, and in boosting its role as a global center for offshore Renminbi business and asset and risk management. We support Hong Kong in building itself into an international center of innovation and technology, an international legal and dispute resolution services center in the Asia-Pacific Region, a regional center of intellectual property trade, and a center of cultural and art exchanges between China and other countries.? (White_Paper_Hong Kong Democratic Progress Under the Framework of One Country, Two Systems_“一国两制”下香港的民主发展_2021_12_20)?
?? 特别行政区依法保护私有财产权，保持自由港和单独关税区地位、保持财政独立，实行独立的税收制度，自行制定经贸、金融和教科文卫体政策，等等。?
Adhering to the law, the HKSAR protects the right of ownership of private property, maintains the status of Hong Kong as a free port and a separate customs territory, maintains independent finances, practices an independent taxation system, and formulates its own policies regarding trade, finance, education, science, culture, public health and sports.? (White_Paper_Practice of the "One Country, Two Systems" Policy in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region_《一国两制在香港特别行政区的实践_白皮书_2014年6月)
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