First Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics (Circuit QED) Paper Published this Week 20 Years Ago.
The first circuit QED device. (a) The coplanar waveguide resonator. (b) Input capacitor. (c) The Cooper pair box integrated into the resonator.

First Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics (Circuit QED) Paper Published this Week 20 Years Ago.

This week 20 years ago our paper Strong coupling of a single photon to a superconducting qubit using circuit quantum electrodynamics came out in Nature volume 431, pages 162–167 (2004).

The work was done with a great team including Andreas Wallraff, David Schuster, Alexandre Blais , Luigi Frunzio, Ren- Shou Huang, Johannes Majer, Sameer Kumar, Steven Girvin, & Robert Schoelkopf at 耶鲁大学 in Rob Schoekopf's lab which is now part of Yale Quantum Institute .

(a) Resonator spectrum with detuned qubit. (b) Resonant vacuum Rabi mode splitting. (c,d) Resonator spectra vs. qubit transition frequency.

Take a look at the paper on the Nature web site https://nature.com/articles/nature02851 or download the free-to-read pdf here https://rdcu.be/dTUeB.


(a) Concept of the experimental setup. (b,c) Amplitude and phase of the microwave transmission through the resonator of the device. (d) Energy level diagram of the Cooper pair box qubit.

Here is a record of the key experimental data from my lab book from April 1, 2004. Nice record of a piece of research relevant for our field of research.






The paper coined the term circuit QED and started a new field of research. Circuit QED enables state-of-the-art #quantum optics experiments at microwave frequencies, plays an essential role in #quantum information processing and communication with superconducting circuits, and has enabled a wide range of hybrid quantum systems exploration.

If you are looking for a review on the concepts, check out this review Rev. Mod. Phys. 93, 025005 (2021) https://journals.aps.org/rmp/abstract/10.1103/RevModPhys.93.025005 .

Which one is your favorite recent or past circuit QED paper? Share a link to it here.

Plan to add some more here as I find time.

Andreas Wallraff (14.9.2024)


Very interesting! I’m trying to see if any of these techniques (involving microwaves) could be implemented by optical nonlinearities in dielectrics. Of course, dielectric nonlinearities are very small, but ultrafast light, high Q and miniaturization can bring these close to reality.

Andrew Dzurak

CEO & Founder, Diraq | Scientia Professor in Quantum Engineering | ARC Laureate Fellow

6 个月

I remember it well Andreas Wallraff. An absolutely seminal paper in our field!

émilie Dupont (PhD)

Enseignante de Physique chez CY Cergy Paris Université - CY Tech | Enseignement

6 个月

During my PhD, I read this well written paper. And I thought it would take at least 50 years to build a quantum computer! Thankfully I was wrong! ??

Thank you Andreas Wallraff !!! This was one of the very first papers that I read before choosing to do my PhD on cQED.

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