File globbing in Linux

One can use the following patterns to match files:

   Pattern     |    Description

    * 	        |    Match zero or more characters

    ? 	        |    Match any single character

    [...] 	    |    Match any of the characters in a set

    {abc,def}   |   Match any strings in a set

    ?(patterns) |	Match zero or one occurrences of the patterns (extglob)

    *(patterns) |	Match zero or more occurrences of the patterns (extglob)

    +(patterns) |	Match one or more occurrences of the patterns (extglob)

    @(patterns) |	Match one occurrence of the patterns (extglob)

    !(patterns) |	Match anything that doesn't match one of the patterns (extglob)        

For example, one can use the following to match any files ending with jpg or gif

ls *.jpg *.gif

ls *.?(jpg|gif)

ls *.{jpg,gif}        

Note the pattern modifiers for extended globbing are put ahead of patterns, different from the regular expression in other language such as Perl and Python.

One can find more examples at https://www.linuxjournal.com/content/pattern-matching-bash