Exploring the Three Methods of Biofermentation: Batch Culture, Fed-Batch Culture, and Continuous Culture
Bio-fermentation is a process used to produce various #biologically derived compounds, such as enzymes, proteins, antibiotics, and #vaccines, using microorganisms like #bacteria, yeasts, and fungi. There are three main types of bio-fermentation methods: batch culture, fed-batch culture, and continuous culture.
?1.?Batch Culture
Batch culture means that the culture medium is added at one time, not supplemented, and no longer replaced.?Due to the consumption of nutrients and the accumulation of metabolites, the logarithmic growth period can not be maintained for a long time. Batch culture has to go through the processes of sterilization, loading, inoculation, fermentation, discharge, etc.?So the energy consumption is high.?However, this cultivation method is simple to operate and is the most widely used cultivation method.?
Batch culture is the operation of harvesting products at one time. The advantages of batch culture are one-time sterilization of culture medium, one-time feeding, easy-to-achieve aseptic state, easy to operate and control, stable product quality, high culture concentration, and easy separation.
However, the auxiliary time of batch culture is more, and the production capacity of the equipment is low.?
2.?Fed-batch Culture
Fed-batch culture refers to a culture method in which fresh medium is added intermittently or continuously during the batch culture process.
Fed-batch fermentation is actually an intermediate type between batch fermentation and continuous fermentation, and it is also the most widely used type at present. Fed-batch fermentation has been widely used: including single-cell proteins, amino acids, growth hormones, antibiotics, vitamins, enzyme proteins, organic solvents, organic acids, nucleotides, polymers, etc.?
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The main advantages of fed-batch fermentation include: releasing the inhibition of substrate and process, controlling the optimal fermentation state as much as possible, and improving the conversion rate of products, etc.?
3.?Continuous Culture
Continuous culture is also called open culture. Continuous culture is a culture method that uses effective measures to keep microorganisms in a certain environment to maintain vigorous growth.?
Continuous culture is based on the study of typical growth curves, and the reason for the arrival of the stable period is recognized, and fresh nutrients are continuously added to the tank and stirred evenly. On the other hand, the culture (including bacteria and metabolites) is continuously discharged at the same speed in time, so that the culture reaches a dynamic equilibrium,?and the microorganisms in it can maintain a balanced growth state and a stable growth rate in the logarithmic phase for a long time. Continuous culture can not only provide experimental materials in a certain physiological state for microbial research at any time but also improve the production efficiency and automation level of the fermentation industry. This method has become the development direction of the fermentation industry.
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