Exploring Gender Differences in Depression Among Older Adults in India: Key Findings and Implications

Depression remains a significant public health challenge, particularly among older adults in India. Despite various policies aimed at improving mental health, the prevalence of depression continues to rise. This summary highlights the findings from a recent study that examines gender disparities in depression among older adults in India, utilizing data from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI).

The research analyzed data from 30,637 individuals aged 60 and above, focusing on self-reported depression rates among older men and women. The study employed descriptive statistics, Chi-Square tests, binary logistic regression, and multivariate decomposition analyses to identify factors contributing to gender differences in depression.

Key Findings

• Prevalence of Depression: The study found that 7.4% of older men and 9.5% of older women reported experiencing depression, indicating a notable gender disparity.

Associated Factors: Significant factors linked to depression included:

• Health-Related Factors: Poor self-rated health, multimorbidity, physical inactivity, and difficulties in activities of daily living (ADL) were prevalent among both genders. Social and Psychological Factors: Life dissatisfaction, ill-treatment experiences, and marital status were crucial contributors to depression.
• Gender Disparities: Marital status alone accounted for 36.7% of the gender gap in depression. Other contributing factors included ADL difficulties (17.6%), self-rated health (18.8%), and dissatisfaction with living arrangements (8.1%).

Implications for Policy

The findings underscore the need for gender-specific strategies in mental health interventions targeting older adults. Policymakers should consider:

• Enhancing mental health services tailored to the unique challenges faced by older women.
• Promoting social engagement and support networks to mitigate feelings of isolation.
• Addressing health inequalities through improved access to healthcare services.

This study sheds light on the critical issue of depression among older adults in India, emphasizing the importance of understanding gender differences in mental health. By focusing on tailored interventions and policies, stakeholders can better address the mental health needs of this vulnerable population.

As professionals in healthcare and policy-making, it is imperative to advocate for comprehensive mental health strategies that recognize and address these disparities. Engaging with community organizations and leveraging data-driven insights will be essential in creating an age-friendly environment that promotes mental well-being for all older adults.

Depression by gender and associated factors among older adults in India: implications for age-friendly policies. Sci Rep 13, 17651 (2023).

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