It’s Official: Ethiopia, Eritrea End War. What you need to know

The leaders of Ethiopia and Eritrea signed a "joint declaration of peace and friendship", Eritrea's information minister said, a day after a landmark summit marked a start to normalisation of ties between the longtime foes.

"The Agreement, which specifies five pillars, was signed this morning at State House by President Isaias Afwerki and Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed," Minister Yemane Gebremeskel wrote on Twitter on Monday alongside a photo of the two men seated at a table in front of their nations' flags.

The first of the five pillars stated that the war that existed between the two countries has ended.

Other pillars declared that a new era of peace and friendship has been ushered and that both countries will work to promote close cooperation in political, economic, social, cultural and security areas.

In addition, transport, trade and telecommunication ties will be resumed and diplomatic ties and activities renewed. Finally, previously made border decisions will be implemented and both countries will work together to guarantee regional peace, development and cooperation.

On Sunday, a meeting between the two countries' leaders in Asmara ended decades of diplomatic and armed strife.

The announcement capped weeks of whirlwind change, driven by new Abiy, who was welcomed for face-to-face talks in the Eritrean capital by Afwerki.

"We agreed that the airlines will start operating, the ports will be accessible, people can move between the two countries and the embassies will be opened," Abiy said at an official dinner.

"We will demolish the wall and, with love, build a bridge between the two countries," Abiy continued.

The sudden rapprochement ends a years-long cold war that hurt both countries.

The Horn of Africa nations remained at loggerheads since Ethiopia rejected a United Nations ruling and refused to cede to Eritrea land along the countries' border following a 1998-2000 war that killed 80,000 people.

There was no sign of that animosity on Sunday.

Abiy stepped from an Ethiopian Airlines plane at the airport in Asmara to be greeted by Isaias. The two men embraced before they walked down a red carpet.

Out in the streets, chanting crowds cheered on the leaders' convoy, waving the twinned flags of Ethiopia and Eritrea and spreading flowers and popcorn in a typical Eritrean tradition.

With Abiy's comments later in the day, the meeting appeared to have achieved its touted aim of seizing "a spectacular opportunity to decidedly move forward peace for the good of our people," as Abiy's chief of staff, Fitsum Arega, put it earlier.

What did the leaders say?

On Monday, the leaders agreed that "a new era of peace & friendship has been ushered [in]", Eritrea's Information Minister Yemane Gebre Meskel said on Twitter.

What are people saying about it?

Mr Abiy's surprise visit to Asmara, that began on Sunday, was hailed as historic.

Asmara resident Mela Gebre Medhin said on Twitter that she had "goosebumps" thinking about what happened.

What else has been agreed?

The two leaders said the countries would improve political, economic and diplomatic ties. 

Transport and telephone links will also be re-established.

This raises the possibility that families who have been divided by the conflict could finally be reunited.

The leaders also agreed to "work together to guarantee regional peace, development and cooperation", according to Mr Yemane.

What has to happen now?

While this has opened the door for peace there is still a "long way to go to achieve lasting peace", Asmara resident Ms Mela told the BBC .

The key question is what will happen at the border. 

In June, there were protests in Ethiopia near the border when the prime minister first said that Badme could become part of Eritrea.

The BBC's Emmanuel Igunza in Ethiopia's capital, Addis Ababa says it is not clear when Ethiopian troops will withdraw from the disputed territories.

Sources: Aljazeera | BBC | JIC Media