Episode 4 Breakdown (Aging is a disease/ How to Treat it)

Intro

David Sinclair is an Australian biologist, a professor of genetics , the co-director of the Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research at Harvard Medical School. He is also a published author, and is known for his research on aging with a focus on epigenetics. Sinclair has appeared in Time magazine, The New York Times,60 Minutes, Boston magazine, The Washington Post, The Economist, TED and The Joe Rogan Experience.

1. Now he covers a list of things on the mental & physical side that affect your Biological age.
2. Bio age : The biological clock is really just chemical changes to your genes over time overtime. These are affected by mental and physical health. You have a biological age that separates you from your birth age.
3. So essentially this guy is developing a test they can give you your optimal biological age number that anybody can use to navigate. That number can be what to look at vs knowing: Cholesterol, blood sugar, pressure, heart monitors, wearing the watches/rings that are linked to apps on your phone, etc….?

Physical Theme

1. Someone who does an exercise as simple as riding a bike weekly, not even long distances, has a 40% less of a chance of having a heart attack than someone who doe not. It’s small things.
2. One thing that he brought up is that we have nutritionists telling us to eat breakfast, lunch and dinner with snacks in between is also the same thing as killing us. Inflammation/ cancers??
3. So we have longevity genes, and when you are eating less, it puts pressure on your digestion system to work hard. Those resources are expanded longer. Thus adversity for your body vs inflammation.
4. You need adversity to strengthen your longevity. Our bodies are evolved to handle the adversity, so by not eating all day being a little hungry is important.
5. ?Side note with animals that are fed less often, they live longer in controlled settings.
6. Gut biome health is becoming increasingly important. As Gut blood barrier breaks, it can leak across to other parts of the body and cause what’s called leaky gut syndrome. Now Sinclair says this is “Brand New science” but it is indicating that the bacteria from the gut is showing up in cancers, and even in the brain of Alzheimer’s patients. They think that it might even be a cause of some of these diseases. Why do they think this? Well Bacteria in tissue could be causing inflammation. Inflammation is part of the aging process. For example, Alzheimer’s is a very inflammatory disease.
7. Gut micro biome changes as you get older. One way to restore it to a more youthful biome is to not eat as much (intermittent fasting).
8. ?Stomach ulcers are caused from gut bacteria issues not stress. They can be cured with an antibiotic.
9. Testosterone increases when you workout, especially the larger muscle groups, in males, the muscles tell the testes to send more testosterone to the body when they are being worked out
10. Cold therapy is a way to lose weight, cold jackets, cold mattresses, being in a state of chilliness can lead up to half a pound a day of weight loss)
11. Hot drinks are a good replacement for snacks

Hyperbaric chamber

So there is a study that came out of Israel using a hyperbaric chamber to put extra oxygen inside this room, and then they change the pressure and oxygen inside.

1. Longevity genes are activated by his hyperbaric chamber. When you make oxygen go lower or higher & change the pressure while inside it’s essentially like exercising without moving.
2. Lets talk about telomeres.. A telomere is the end of a chromosome. Telomeres protect the chromosome from damage. Telomeres get shorter when Cells divide, so of course they are generally shorter the older you are. The longer they are the younger you are.?
3. The study traces the wings of the telomeres chromosome which is directly related to your biological age and over 90 days with 60 treatments was equal to extending your biological age another 20 years.

Injections he listed to change the clock back (Not endorsed)?

1. Met-For-Man (Drug for high Blood Sugar/ Diabetes) is one boosting or mitochondria in the body, and raising the overall energy in the body and its an anti inflammatory that slows down aging. Sinclair stated a person with type 2 diabetes that takes metformin lives longer on average then a person that doesn’t have diabetes to begin with.
2. DHEA?is a?hormone that your body naturally produces in the adrenal gland. DHEA helps produce other hormones, including testosterone and estrogen. Natural DHEA levels peak in early adulthood and then slowly fall as you age
3. There’s five things in your life that if you just listen to doctors it directly affects the length of your lifetime by 14 years. They are as follows: eat right, exercise, sleep, don’t smoke, don’t eat too much, Low Stress
4. Nad Injection ) NAD (which is a really long and complicated chemical name)?is?a type of intravenous treatment that can stimulate cell regeneration in your body. It?produces more ATP which is the source of energy the body uses as storage at the cellular level. At 40 you have half the amount of atp cells than when you are 20. Goal is to get us producing more ATP.
5. Better sleep + more NAD too

(Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide,)

Mental Theme

Cortisol is the stress hormone that causes you to age more rapidly. Too much mental stress causes an overload of cortisol to be released and age your body quicker. Exercise can mitigate the excess of cortisol release.

1. It is tested and proven that those who are fasting have higher mental acuity repetitively
2. 100% if you do not get enough sleep your biological clock decreases. If rats are forced to stay awake for two weeks they develop diabetes?
3. Sinclair suggests that Mental health issues are the 21st centuries biggest issues?
4. Psilocybin mushrooms promote neurogenesis. What is Neurogenesis??It is?the process by which new neurons are formed in the brain. Why is neurogenesis important? Since stem cells can divide and differentiate into many types of cells, the discovery of neurogenesis in the human adult brain implies that this could be?key for the treatment of neurodegenerative conditions like alzeimhers.??

How does neurogenesis affect memory?

1. An increase in neurogenesis, speeds up the recovery of memory capacity, suggesting that hippocampal adult neurogenesis plays a critical role in keeping the gate open for?new memories?by clearing out the old memories from the hippocampal memory circuit.
2. Epigenome and DNA are what’s needed to get the entire picture of a persons health status. Epigenome is the control system, the clock so to speak of your body. DNA is a code but it changes every time you have meal, every time you see something, it changes constantly over time. So if you can read both of those you can interrupt both your current body status and know what to do to improve that status going forward.

What he has done Theme:

1. Sinclair mentioned that in his lab they can age the brain forward and backward. They published a paper in the journal “Nature” in December 2020 that showed they can not just accelerate aging, but could reprogram cells of a blind mouse to make it be able to see again using a gene therapy. Ultimately they are trying to make into a pill that not only reverses one specific damaged part of the body, the entire body as a whole.
2. The aging process in the body is compared to scratches on a CD and the way?a CD reader, like a stereo, or a CD player reads that information. As the CD gets older it can become damaged and the CD player will skip songs because the CD player cant read it properly, in the same way as humans get older the cells in our body skip over reading Genes?and DNA properly properly and in this case with the nerve cell it our eyes, it affects our vision.
3. Each cell has about 6 feet of DNA. A new cells DNA will appear as nicely packaged loops and bundles and will be well organized. An example would be the new cell would read as a nerve cell at the back of the eye over time due to DNA damage and cell stress and injury they eventually come unraveled. In Sinclairs gene therapy those loops and bundles that have come unraveled go back to their original structure and can be read properly again.
4. So how does it work? Well they packaged the gene therapy in a virus, then they do a quick injection of the Virus in the eye that is activated in the body by taking an antibiotic (the virus is drug inducible so by taking an antibiotic it activates the virus). This injection?turns on three genes that are normally only active in the embryo stage of the mice for sight, and because those genes are reactivated it reversed the age of the eyes and the mice could see again.?
5. Sinclair said with todays technology we already have the capability to genetically change our species so that we don’t ever get cancer for at least a couple of centuries.
6. We spend 17% of the GDP in America on healthcare.. more like sick-care Sinclair suggests. Most of the healthcare is aimed at trying to treat the problem as opposed to preventing it.