Epidemic and population, 15 minute cities become a new direction of urban planning

Every year, July 11 is world population day, and the United Nations will release the "population outlook" report. It is one of the four indicators to measure the progress of the world in achieving the sustainable development goals (SDGS).

The theme of this year's world population day is " A world of 8 billion: Towards a resilient future for all - Harnessing opportunities and ensuring rights and choices for all ". Call on people to pay attention to the hot issues affecting the development of population elasticity. Such as finding affordable living space, women's choice of childbirth and its impact on career development etc.

In this year's report, the impact of covid-19 on the population is mentioned for the first time, and the relevant information on fertility and immigration is also analyzed. These are important information related to urban development. Combined with the 2022 state of the world's cities report released on the 29th of last month, the United Nations has given a blueprint for urbanization under the epidemic - 15 minutes of urban space.

The proportion of global urban population will rise to 68% in 2050

According to the statistics of the United Nations, the current global population has been seriously affected by the epidemic, but even so, the size of the global urban population is also increasing, especially in low-income countries. It is estimated that by 2050, the proportion of the global urban population will rise from 56% in 2021 to 68%.

However, due to the epidemic, it also highlights the problems of the past urbanization model. Including the highlighting of global inflation and cost of living issues, supply chain disruption, climate change and new armed conflicts.

Therefore, the United Nations also called on countries to make greater commitments, and gave a model concept - 15 minutes of urban space. At present, it is gradually popular in Paris, Melbourne and other cities.

15 minutes to meet most daily needs

"15 minute city" is not a new concept, but it was not until a recent TED speech that it returned to people's vision and attracted attention. Carlos Moreno, an urban planner in Paris, added more modern content to the "neighborhood unit" proposed by Clarence Perry in 1920, and put forward the concept of "15 minute city".

According to Carlos Moreno's vision, walking or cycling in less than 15 minutes can meet all the needs of daily life: work, family, shops, entertainment, education and medical treatment.

Paris 15 minute City Vision

(Source: Lloyd Alter，treehugger.com)

Direction of the city - intensification

Since the epidemic, due to travel restrictions, "15 minute city" has become a popular concept in the planning field, requiring city managers to solve most of the living needs of residents within a 15 minute walk.

This is more radical in Sweden, which has begun to implement the "1 minute city" plan nationwide, compressing living facilities into the community space at the door of the home and replacing parking spaces.

Experimental streets in Sweden

Image source: ArkDes

Of course, all cities cannot be required to do so, but the proposal of this concept really reflects the bad planning of urban expansion in the past. The most obvious is that people have to spend too much time commuting, and transportation also brings problems such as energy consumption and air pollution.

Therefore, in order to realize this concept, urban development can only be intensive and exquisite, rebuild each community, and reshape the whole urban pattern and even the economic structure.

Intensification and refinement of power

Although it is very difficult to reshape the urban pattern, considering that this is a popular concept at present, if it is implemented, it will inevitably reshape the industrial zone, among which the power system is the top priority.

If the industry solves the problem of environmental pollution, it will be able to shorten the distance from residential areas, which is in line with the concept of shortening commuting distance.

As an indispensable power source for the city, the requirement for electricity is naturally to be efficient, clean and sophisticated. Therefore, the sophisticated utilization of new energy is a necessary condition.

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With the continuous increase of population, urbanization is faster than in the past. The government's planning needs to be more in line with the current development needs. As a composite aggregate of human beings, cities need to provide people with a cleaner, more efficient, friendly and possible environment.

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In terms of the current trend of environmental protection, it may be a good starting point to start with energy. On world population day, maybe you need to think about the future development direction with people, and what can be more conducive to future development.

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