Embedded Databases: An Overview

What are Embedded Databases –

Embedded databases are specialised database management systems (DBMS) designed to be integrated directly within application software. Unlike traditional standalone DBMS, which operate as separate entities requiring dedicated management, embedded databases work within the host application itself, providing seamless and efficient data handling.

Why use Embedded Databases –

Embedded databases are favoured for several reasons. They offer high performance due to their close integration with the application, enabling rapid data retrieval and manipulation. They also typically consume fewer resources, making them suitable for environments with strict performance and memory constraints. Additionally, the simplicity of managing an embedded DB within the application removes the need for complex database administration, which can be a significant advantage in development and deployment.

Where to use Embedded Databases –

These databases are commonly used in various domains:

·????? Embedded Systems: Devices like IoT gadgets and industrial machines where quick data access is crucial.

·????? Mobile Applications: Smartphones and tablets require efficient data handling with minimal resource usage.

·????? Desktop Applications: Software that requires an internal data repository but doesn't need a separate DBMS.

·????? Real-time Systems: Applications needing immediate data processing without latency.

How to use Embedded Databases –

Using an embedded database involves integrating it within the application code. Developers choose an appropriate embedded DBMS based on the application requirements. Commonly, they use databases like SQLite or H2. Once integrated, the database operates as part of the application, eliminating the need for external DBMS setup and maintenance. Data operations, such as queries and updates, are executed within the application's environment.

?Popular Databases and Embedded Databases

Several embedded databases are used by larger database systems or as components within other software systems to provide specialized storage capabilities. Here’s a list of some popular embedded databases commonly used in this manner:

• RocksDB - High performance for write-heavy workloads, customizable configuration, various compression options. It is used by - Apache Kafka: For stateful stream processing in Kafka Streams, Facebook: For various internal services requiring fast storage and Ceph: In RADOS for metadata storage.
• InnoDB - ACID compliance, row-level locking, foreign key support, compression. It is used by - MySQL: Default storage engine for MySQL, providing ACID transactions and foreign key support and MariaDB: Utilizes InnoDB for transactional support and reliability.
• SQLite - Serverless, zero configuration, ACID compliance, cross-platform. It is used by -Firefox: Stores bookmarks, history, and other data, Android: Default database for storing app data and Apple iOS: Used in various system and third-party applications.
• H2 - In-memory operation, strong Java integration, small footprint. It is used by Spring Framework: Often used for testing and development purposes due to its in-memory capabilities.
• Apache Derby (JavaDB) - Fully transactional, small footprint, easy to embed in Java applications. It is used by Apache Geronimo: Embedded as the default database.
• DuckDB - Optimised for OLAP queries, in-process execution, minimal dependencies. It is used by Data Science Workflows: Embedded within data processing pipelines for high-performance analytical queries.

Building a New DB with Embedded Databases

If you're looking to build a new database, starting with an embedded DB can significantly streamline development. Embedded Databases provide a foundational framework for data storage, handling concurrent data access and recovery mechanisms. By using an embedded DB as a base, developers can focus on adding specific features unique to their application, speeding up the overall development process. For example, SQLite offers robust transactional support, simplifying the implementation of complex data operations while ensuring data integrity.

Incorporating an embedded DB into your application can also address feature gaps present in other solutions. For instance, if an existing database lacks specific indexing capabilities or performance optimisations, developers can customise the embedded DB to include these features, tailoring the database to their precise needs.

Embedded databases offer a powerful, efficient, and resource-friendly solution for applications requiring integrated data management. Their seamless operation within the host application makes them ideal for various use cases, from mobile apps to real-time systems. Leveraging embedded databases can simplify development, enhance performance, and provide a flexible foundation for building sophisticated data-handling applications.

#Database #EmbeddedDB #Tech #SoftwareDevelopment #DataStorage #DatabaseManagement #SQL #NoSQL #IoT #MobileAppDevelopment #RealTimeData #PerformanceOptimisation #SoftwareEngineering #DatabaseSystems