The "eighteen martial arts" of civil drones

The development of drones has become a global hot spot. Today, civilian drones have become a new type of production tool, which is widely used in agricultural production, environmental monitoring, emergency response, and cargo transportation. In this new crown pneumonia epidemic prevention and control, drones also played an important role, once again attracting widespread attention.

First drone made its first flight in Britain in 1917

Civilian drones are unmanned aerial vehicles controlled by radio remote control equipment and program control devices. Because UAVs can perform complex aerial flight tasks and various load tasks, they are also called "air robots".

The emergence of drones mainly stems from modern warfare. In the First World War in 1914, Britain proposed to develop a small aircraft that did not need to be piloted and controlled by radio. In 1917, the world's first drone successfully made its first flight in Britain. At first, drones were mainly used for military tasks such as target aircraft and reconnaissance. After a century of development, the application of drones has gradually expanded to the civilian field.

China's drone development began in the 1950s and 1960s. On August 3, 1958, Northwestern Polytechnical University developed China's first drone system, which successfully flew at Xi'an Yaocun Airport, setting a precedent for China's drone business. Since 2006, Chinese civil drone companies have been established one after another, and the market has begun to heat up rapidly. After 2013, the Chinese drone market is becoming increasingly popular.

30 times more efficient spraying pesticides

Civil drones are widely used in agricultural production due to their advantages such as light weight, high flexibility, no restrictions on topographical factors, and little influence of climatic factors. They can be seen everywhere in agricultural plant protection, seeding, and crop data monitoring. Figure. In terms of agricultural plant protection, the application of drones can effectively save labor, reduce operating costs, improve work efficiency and penetrability. According to tests, drones can spray pesticides more than 30 times more efficiently than traditional pesticides. In terms of crop data monitoring, drones based on remote sensing can effectively obtain crop growth period, phenotypic information, coverage and other information, provide a basis for agricultural condition monitoring, and improve agricultural production efficiency.

Line inspection effectively avoids blind spots during inspections

China's power transmission and distribution lines and oil and gas pipelines have the characteristics of long distances, wide distributions, and complex environments, which have brought great difficulties to line inspections. Traditional manual inspection methods not only have high cost and low efficiency, but also have high security risks. With inspection drones, these difficulties can be solved. UAVs have the characteristics of flexible line inspection, fast inspection, timely information feedback, and high work efficiency. They are very effective in the field of line inspection. According to news reports, in February 2019, the intelligent inspection of unmanned aerial vehicles was applied in Tuha Oilfield, and the work efficiency was increased by 10 times. In addition, through the high-definition camera equipped on the drone, you can clearly see the line conditions, find defects that are difficult tofind on the ground, and avoid blind spots.

Emergency rescue to achieve long-distance search and rescue

With the development of technology, drones are more widely used in the field of emergency response. Disaster-relief drones combine video, infrared monitoring, and image transmission equipment to conduct inspections, detections, on-site rescue commands, and prevention and control of earthquakes, floods, volcanic natural disasters, and various emergencies. In addition, drone search technology can skillfully combine radio frequency technology and personal positioning search to achieve long-range search and rescue. In 2014, a magnitude 6.5 earthquake occurred in Ludian, Yunnan Province, China. China used drone rapid three-dimensional modeling technology to draw a geological disaster investigation and evaluation map in the earthquake area, realizing the first-time three-dimensional visualization of geological disaster information, and providing effective guidance for disaster emergency rescue command.

Comprehensive monitoring of forest fire

The fire drone integrates flight control technology, sensing technology, and modern communication technology. It has the advantages of unmanned driving, flexible maneuvering, comprehensive vision, and high-definition cameras and digital video transmission equipment. This kind of drone can not only monitor forest fire prevention, but also can go in and out of the high humidity and high temperature fire field, go deep into the area hard for firefighters to penetrate, continue to detect fire field disasters, transmit fire field information, provide communication guarantee, fire field assist fire suppression, and deliver rescue. Materials and personnel assisted rescue. In 2015, the city of Perth, Australia used an electro-optical system and image information acquisition system on a U.S. company's drone to realize the monitoring of fire occurrence, development and distribution density.

Flying detection of typhoons

Meteorological monitoring drones are flexible, high-precision, low-cost, and independent of geographical restrictions. They can be flexibly equipped with small-scale meteorological observation equipment to achieve real-time observation and data transmission of meteorological monitoring indicators such as air temperature, humidity, pressure, and environmental carbon dioxide. It also becomes a useful supplement to traditional meteorological stations, providing technical support for low-altitude image monitoring, sudden meteorological emergency disasters, refined meteorological forecasting, and atmospheric pollution research. In July 2008, mainland China used drones for the first time to detect typhoon "Seagull". The flight time was 3 hours, the altitude was 500 meters, the closest distance to the typhoon center was 108.4 kilometers, and more than 90% of the meteorological elements were obtained.

Helping the dynamic supervision of land and resources

With the rapid development of drone technology, the application of drone aerial photogrammetry technology in land resource monitoring, mineral resource supervision, land consolidation, cultivated land protection, land law enforcement inspection, and urban planning has become increasingly deeper. By comprehensively using advanced unmanned aerial vehicle technology and remote sensing sensor technology, UAVs can automatically and quickly acquire spatial remote sensing information such as land, resources, and environment, and perform remote sensing data processing, modeling, and application analysis, so that it can clearly display The distribution of land and resources, and accurately monitor the location, scope, area, shape, and utilization of land and resources. In addition, through the results of drone remote sensing, it is also possible to timely discover and investigate and deal with illegal land and resources violations in monitored areas in accordance with the law, which is helpful to the dynamic supervision of land and resources.

3D island reef model

In terms of marine monitoring, drone monitoring systems have many unique advantages over conventional sea surface monitoring such as shipborne equipment surveys and sea surface buoys. It is flexible and can cover remote geographical locations and harsh environmental conditions in the sea area to obtain comprehensive and comprehensive The environmental parameters of the sea area provide data for marine climate, marine anomalous changes, marine biological environment, seawater salinity changes at the estuary, and coastal land salinization. In island reef mapping, drones can extract information such as the contour, area, and cover type of island reefs to build a three-dimensional island reef model. The drone can also be equipped with a water container and pumping device to achieve low-altitude water quality monitoring and sampling, and quickly find water quality problems.

Launch of remote shipping routes

In recent years, with the rise of the modern logistics industry and the rapid popularization of online e-commerce, the worldwide demand for logistics drones is also expanding rapidly, and fully automatic closed loops of drones and smart parcel cabinets have been achieved. Drones can also fully meet the distribution needs of remote mountain areas. China Post opened the first drone delivery route in Anji Mountain Village, Zhejiang Province, and piloted distribution services in remote areas.

Participate in rescue operations to successfully rescue hostages

In addition to the above uses, civil drones are also used in film and television shooting, aerial photography, police security, entertainment and other fields. In terms of film and television shooting, many classic blockbusters such as the "Harry Potter" series, "Transformers 4", etc., can be found behind the scenes. In terms of police security, police drones, as a new type of police equipment, play an important role in hunting, patrolling, traffic management, security of large-scale activities, and social rescue and rescue tasks.

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