Economic Survey 2024-25 highlights ‘notable progress’ in non-fossil fuel energy generation
The Economic Survey for 2024-25, tabled in Parliament on Friday by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, highlighted a ‘notable progress’ in energy generation from non-fossil fuels, including nuclear, hydro, and renewable sources.
According to the Survey, this segment reached 420.8 thousand gigawatt hours in the 2022-23 provisional data, making up 22.8 percent of the total gross energy generation. Within this, large hydro represented 8.81 percent, nuclear contributed 2.49 percent, and renewables accounted for 11.52 percent.
Giving an update on the country’s rooftop solar capacity addition, the Survey added that as on 9 January 2025, rooftop solar systems for more than 7 lakh households have already been installed.
The PM - Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana aims to install rooftop solar plants in one crore households, which is expected to enable approximately 30 gigawatts of residential rooftop solar capacity and contribute to an overall rooftop solar capacity addition of 40-45 gigawatts by 2027.
It noted that India's efforts in mitigation have been ambitious.
“India has successfully established an installed electricity generation capacity of 213,701 megawatts from non-fossil fuel sources, which accounts for 46.8 percent of the total capacity as of 30 November 2024. The goal is to reach 50 percent by 2030,” it said.
On solar parks, the Survey noted that as of 31 December 2024, 55 solar parks with 39.9 GW capacity have been sanctioned across 13 states. While solar projects with 12.2 GW capacity have already been commissioned, with others at various stages of implementation.
The Scheme for the Development of Solar Parks and Ultra-mega Solar Power Projects has set a target for developing 40,000-MW capacity. It focuses on developing infrastructure, ensuring statutory clearances and approvals to speed up the development of utility-scale solar projects.
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On decentralised solar power capacity, 397 MW capacity as of 31 December 2024 has been installed, along with the solarisation of 7.28 lakh agricultural pumps under the The Pradhan Mantri Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthaan Mahabhiyan (PM-KUSUM) scheme.
The scheme aims to add 34.8 GW solar capacity by promoting small grid-connected solar energy power plants, stand-alone solar-powered agricultural pumps, and the solarisation of existing grid-connected agricultural pumps.
The Survey further added that under the PLI scheme, so far Letters of Award with a 48,337 MW of total capacity have been issued to establish solar module manufacturing units. To enhance the manufacturing capabilities in the solar sector, the scheme aims to achieve a gigawatt-scale manufacturing capacity of high-efficiency solar photo-voltaic modules.
Under the The National Green Hydrogen Mission, 412,000 tonnes per annum of production capacity and 3000 MW per annum of electrolyser manufacturing capacity have been successfully awarded, the Survey highlighted.
It also highlighted that out of 8.2 GW of sanctioned solar PV capacity, 1.81 GW have already been commissioned as of 31 December 2024. This is under the Central Public Sector Undertaking Scheme Phase-II which aims to establish grid-connected solar photo-voltaic power projects funded by CPSUs, state PSUs, and government organizations, utilising domestically manufactured solar PV cells and modules with VGF support.