DPMO
Er Gowtham M
Assistant Professor @ SNS college of Technology || Lean Six Sigma Green Belt || Lean Manufacturing || Supply Chain Management
Defects per million opportunities (DPMO) is a metric used to measure the quality of a process by counting the number of defects in a process per one million potential defect opportunities. It's a key metric in quality assurance and is used in many quality management methodologies, including Six Sigma.?
It is a vital metric in quality management, especially in Six Sigma methodologies. Six Sigma is a data-driven methodology and set of techniques designed for process improvement, with its roots deeply embedded in reducing defects and variation. The methodology’s primary aim is to enhance the quality of process outputs by identifying and removing the causes of defects, minimizing variability, and improving overall performance, eventually leading to increased customer satisfaction and operational success.
Within the array of tools and metrics utilized in Six Sigma, Defects Per Million Opportunities (DPMO) holds a significant place, serving as a critical indicator of process performance and quality. DPMO provides a quantifiable measure of the number of defects in a process per million opportunities, offering insights into the efficiency and effectiveness of the process. This metric acts as a compass, allowing organizations to navigate their quality improvement journeys by identifying areas needing enhancement and implementing corrective actions to mitigate defects.
For Ex
Let’s consider that the company manufactures 10,000 pens and, after inspection, identifies 120 defects in total across the various opportunities.
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DPMO=(120/10,000×4)×1,000,000
DPMO=3000
So, considering the specified manufacturing process for creating a simple pen with the four mentioned defect opportunities, the DPMO is 3,000, which means there would be an expected 3,000 defects per million opportunities in this pen manufacturing process.