Do you know the differences between biodegradable and compostable?

Biodegradable and compostable are related terms, but they have distinct meanings and implications:

1. Definition:

- Biodegradable: Biodegradable materials have the ability to break down into simpler compounds through the action of microorganisms over time, typically in various environmental conditions.

- Compostable: Compostable materials are a specific subset of biodegradable materials that undergo degradation under composting conditions, resulting in the formation of compost—a nutrient-rich soil amendment.

2. Degradation Environment:

- Biodegradable materials can break down in different environments, including landfills, soil, water bodies, and natural habitats, depending on the specific properties of the material and the presence of suitable microorganisms.

- Compostable materials require specific conditions found in composting facilities, where temperature, moisture, oxygen levels, and microbial activity are carefully controlled to optimize the composting process.

3. Timeframe:

- Biodegradation of materials can occur over a wide range of timeframes, from weeks to years, depending on factors such as material composition, environmental conditions, and the presence of microbial activity.

- Composting typically accelerates the biodegradation process, with compostable materials breaking down within a defined timeframe (usually a few months) under optimal composting conditions.

4. End Products:

- Biodegradable materials break down into simpler compounds such as water, carbon dioxide, methane, and biomass, which may or may not have value as soil amendments or nutrients for plants.

- Composting of compostable materials results in the production of compost—a dark, crumbly substance rich in organic matter and nutrients, which can be used to improve soil fertility and support plant growth.

5. Certification and Standards:

- Biodegradable materials may or may not adhere to specific certification standards, and their biodegradability properties can vary widely depending on factors such as material composition and environmental conditions.

- Compostable materials are often subject to certification standards (e.g., ASTM D6400, EN 13432) that define requirements for biodegradation, disintegration, and absence of harmful substances to ensure their suitability for composting and environmental safety.

In summary, while all compostable materials are biodegradable, not all biodegradable materials are compostable. Compostable materials have specific characteristics that make them suitable for composting, whereas biodegradable materials may degrade in various environments but may not necessarily result in high-quality compost.