Discussion on the application of dihydropyridine as feed additives

Basic information of dihydropyridine:

1. Chemical properties

Molecular formula: C?H?N

Molecular weight: 81.12 g/mol

Chemical structure: Dihydropyridine is a compound containing a pyridine ring and reduced by two hydrogen atoms. The molecular structure is a six-membered ring and contains a nitrogen atom.

2. Physical properties

Appearance: Usually a light yellowish green powder.

Melting point: Depending on the different dihydropyridine derivatives, the melting point will vary, but most of them are between 80-200°C.

Solubility: Dihydropyridine itself has a low solubility in water, but it can be dissolved in organic solvents.

Dihydropyridine is a class of compounds used as feed additives. Its main function is to improve the growth performance of animals, enhance immunity and improve feed conversion rate. Its main principle is to improve the utilization rate of nutrients and enhance antioxidant and anti-stress capabilities by improving metabolic activities and blood circulation in animals. The following are the specific uses, advantages and disadvantages, and usage methods of dihydropyridine as a feed additive:

Main uses

Promote growth and development: Dihydropyridine can effectively improve the growth rate of poultry and livestock, and improve the conversion efficiency of feed by accelerating the absorption and metabolism of nutrients.

Enhance immunity: It has an immunomodulatory effect, can enhance the immune response of animals, and reduce the incidence of diseases, especially under conditions of greater environmental stress.

Antioxidant: Dihydropyridine compounds have strong antioxidant properties, can reduce oxidative damage, and improve the anti-stress ability of animals, especially for production performance under stress conditions such as high temperature.

The antioxidant effects of dihydropyridine and other common feed antioxidants are also very different, and the advantages are obvious, as shown in the figure below:

Improve meat quality: It can improve the flavor and quality of meat, increase the economic value by increasing nutrient deposition in muscle tissue, reducing fat accumulation.

Advantages

Improve production efficiency: Adding dihydropyridine in animal husbandry can improve feed efficiency and reduce feed costs.

Enhanced disease resistance: Reduce the frequency of disease occurrence, especially inhibiting certain specific pathogens.

Stress resistance: Help animals maintain production performance under stress conditions such as high temperature and transportation.

High safety: When used as a feed additive, dihydropyridine has good safety and no significant toxic side effects at conventional dosages.

Disadvantages

High price: Compared with other traditional additives, dihydropyridine may cost more and may increase feeding costs.

Dosage control: It is necessary to add it strictly according to the recommended dosage, and excessive dosage may affect the health of animals.

Different effects: The effects on different types of animals may be different, and the dosage and usage plan need to be further optimized.

Specific usage method

Addition amount: Generally, the addition amount in feed is 0.5-2 mg/kg, and the specific addition amount should be adjusted according to the type, weight, feeding stage and other conditions of the animal. The addition amount of different poultry and livestock is also very different. Please refer to the figure below for details:

Use cycle: It is recommended to add periodically according to production needs, especially during the critical growth period or stress period of animals.

Use in combination: It can be used in combination with other additives such as vitamins and trace elements to enhance the overall effect.

When using dihydropyridine, it is necessary to keep the feed evenly mixed to ensure that the active ingredients can be fully ingested by the animal, so as to achieve the best effect.