Didymos

Conceptually a multiverse is a hypothetical group of multiple universes. Together, these universes comprise everything that exists: the entirety of space, time, matter, energy, information, as well as the physical laws and constants that describe them.

As it stands, the multiverse exists outside our current scientific understanding of reality. Theoretical physics concurs that a multiverse is a hypothetical grouping of multiple universes.

The world as we know it has three (3) dimensions of space (length, width and depth) and one (1) dimension of time. But there's the mind-bending possibility that many more dimensions exist out there.

According to the ‘string theory’, one of the leading physics model of the last half century, the universe operates with twenty six (26) dimensions "Closed Unoriented Bosonic String Theory" interpreted as the 26 dimensions of the traceless Jordan algebra J3(O)o of 3x3 Octonionic matrices, with each of the three (3) Octonionic dimenisons of J3(O)o having the following physical interpretation: Four (4) dimensional physical spacetimes plus four (4) dimensional internal symmetry spaces; eight (8) first-generation fermion particles; eight (8) first-generation fermion anti-particles.

This interpretation is consistent with interpreting the strings as World Lines of the "World of Many-Worlds Quantum Theory" and the 26 dimensions as the degrees of freedom of the Worlds of the Many-Worlds.

While, a hypernova (alternatively called a collapsar) is a very energetic supernova thought to result from an extreme core-collapse scenario. In this case a massive star (>30 solar masses) collapses to form a rotating black hole emitting twin energetic jets and surrounded by an accretion disk.

Typical hypernovae can be anywhere from ten to a hundred times more powerful than a supernova. And while a hypernova can come from the same source as a supernova (in other words, the death of a giant star) there's some extra special physics that go down to turn a nova from super-mode to hyper-mode.

That said the term kilonova was introduced by Metzger et al. in 2010 to characterize the peak brightness, which they showed reaches 1000 times that of a classical nova. They are 1?10 to 1?100 the brightness of a typical supernova, the self-detonation of a massive star.

It is estimated that a Type II supernova closer than eight parsecs (26 light-years) would destroy more than half of the Earth's ozone layer. Type Ia supernova are thought to be potentially the most dangerous if they occur close enough to the Earth.

For the first time, astronomers have found convincing evidence for a new type of supernova, a new sort of stellar explosion powered by electron capture. They announced their discovery in late June 2021.

It's a type of supernova predicted forty (40) years ago, but never observed until now. Astronomers designate this supernova SN 2018zd. It lies in a remote galaxy, NGC 2146, 21 million light-years away.

It is forecasted that in 2022 an odd type of exploding star called a “red nova” will appear in our skies. This will be the first naked eye nova in decades. And the mechanism behind it is fascinating as well. This story really begins ten (10) years ago, when astronomers closely monitored a distant star in Scorpius.

In October 2022, a half-mile-wide asteroid called “Didymos” (Greek word meaning twins) will approach Earth. It is important to note that the '65803 Didymos' asteroid pair is to pose no threat to Earth, only coming to within ten (10) million km of Earth during their 2022 close encounter, or would it?

Ironically, a launch is planned by late 2021 of the first test mission of NASA's "Double Asteroid Redirection Test" (DART) system, which, is expected to reach the?asteroid in time by autumn 2022...

Food for thought!