Developers Basic Mitigating Strategies for Remote Code Execution (RCE) Vulnerabilities.
Common RCE Vulnerabilities and Mitigation Strategies
1. SQL Injection
Vulnerability: Attackers inject malicious SQL code into web applications to manipulate or extract data from the database.
Mitigation:
o?? Parameterized Queries: Separate SQL statements and data to prevent injection.
o?? Input Validation: Sanitize user input to avoid malicious data.
o?? Least Privilege Principle: Grant database permissions on a need-to-have basis.
2. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
Vulnerability: Malicious JavaScript is injected into web pages to steal user data or perform harmful actions.
Mitigation:
o?? Output Encoding: Prevent browsers from executing malicious scripts.
o?? Content Security Policy (CSP): Restrict the resources a web page can load.
o?? Input Validation: Validate user input to prevent XSS.
3. Remote File Inclusion (RFI)
Vulnerability: Attackers include files from remote servers to execute malicious code.
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Mitigation:
o?? Disable RFI: If not necessary, disable this functionality.
o?? Whitelisting: Allow only specific, trusted files to be included.
o?? Input Validation: Ensure only valid inputs are processed.
4. Command Injection
·??????? Vulnerability: Malicious commands are injected to execute arbitrary code on the server.
?????? Mitigation:
o?? Escaping Special Characters: Prevent special characters from being interpreted as part of a command.
o?? Parameterization: Separate data from commands.
o?? Least Privilege Principle: Run applications with minimal privileges.
5. Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
?????? Vulnerability: Attackers force a server to make unauthorized requests to other servers or resources.
?????? ? Mitigation:
o?? Restrict Outbound Requests: Limit where a server can send requests.
o?? Validate URLs: Ensure only valid URLs are processed.
o?? Use of Proxies: Control and monitor outbound traffic from a server.
By understanding these common RCE vulnerabilities and implementing the recommended mitigation strategies, developers can significantly reduce the risk of malicious attacks and protect their web applications.