Design Mistakes in PV projects

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1: Direct Mistakes in Electrical Design

• Wrong cable cross-section size
• Wrong circuit breaker size
• Connect two strings in the same MPPT, one of them with a shadow and the other without.
• Connect two strings in the same MPPT; each one has a different angle.
• The inverter size is more than needed.
• The inverter size is less than needed.
• PV system size is less or more than needed.
• The voltage of the string or strings is more or less than the MPPT voltage range of the inverter???? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ?????????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ? ???? ??????? ?????? ????.
• The current of the strings per MPPT is greater than the MPPT short circuit current.?? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??? MPPT , ???? ???? ????? ????????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???.
• The max voltage of the string in low-temperature conditions and the min voltage in high-temperature conditions are not in the right range.

2: Indirect Mistakes in Electrical Design

• Oversize the inverter more than the warranty oversize limit.
• Increasing or decreasing cables length
• Voltage drop difference depending on cable length
• Cable size difference deepening on new voltage drop
• Cable tray or trench size
• Guarantee of the wrong energy yield
• If the cable size changes, may you have to modify the PVDB according to the new cable.
• Adding or avoiding some losses
• Power factor effect on energy yield according to country regulations
• PV system costs are increasing due to a high oversize percentage without the need for that.
• Clipping due to high system oversize

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1: Direct Mechanical Design Mistakes

• Insufficient block weight for rooftop projects
• Oversize the profile or cross sections for the structural members.
• Ignoring snow and live loads in the structure calculations
• Using the same wind load for all projects
• Using the same structure for the same project size but different conditions or locations
• Choose the ramming solution without soil study and pull-out test.
• More or less bracings are needed.
• Don't leave enough space for curved sheet projects.
• Changing the PV system tilt angle to reduce the cost of off-grid projects without deep calculations

2- Indirect Mechanical Design Mistakes

• Using parameters for the steel diffrenet than the real
• Ignoring the levels of the land in Freeland projects
• Use a rafter larger than the post; this is not recommended.
• Don’t use a tolerance in your structural design (holes).
• Ignoring the deep details in the site visit to avoid any implementation problems
• Using cross sections is not available on the market.
• Forget the spacing of the clamps.
• Ignoring the weight of the inverter in the case of supporting the inverter on the same structure
• Forget the combination loads in the structure calcualtions.

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