DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A POLYTANK CLEANER

ABSTRACT

This project's objective is to develop a mechanical system for cleaning domestic water tanks. The mechanical system consists of two principal mechanisms that are rack and pinion gear mechanism and reciprocating four bar linkage mechanism. The rack and pinion arrangement is used to transport the entire mechanical system up and down for cleaning the cylindrical tank. Brushes are connected to the ends of the four-bar linkage. A four-bar linkage is made in this kind of manner so that it could be adjusted according to the interior diameter of the tank. When the motor begins the linkage rotates and with the assist of brushes, cleaning of the wall and base of the tank takes place. The reason for this project is to lessen human efforts and to keep away from the chemical impact on the health of someone entering the tank for cleaning. To overcome this, we've aimed toward tackling the negative aspects of cleaning overhead tanks, so an automated overhead tank cleaning system is designed to provide excessive safety, excessive efficiency, and much less time for cleaning. The reason for this paper is to clean a domestic cylindrical water tank with the help of a system. The mechanism of this system includes a grooved gear rod connected to two arms with brushes on the ends. The fingers are related to the equipment rod with the aid of using a nut. By rotating the equipment rod, the up and down movement of the two arms is achieved. ?

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND

Throughout history, wood, ceramic and stone tanks have been used as water tanks. These containers were all naturally occurring and some man made and a few of these tanks are still in service. The Indus Valley Civilization (3000–1500 BC) made use of granaries and water tanks. Medieval castles needed water tanks for the defenders to withstand a siege. A wooden water tank found at the A?o Nuevo State Reserve (California) was restored to functionality after being found completely overgrown with ivy. It had been built in 1884.

Water tanks are used to provide storage of water to be used in lots of applications, drinking water, irrigation agriculture, fire suppression, agricultural farming, each for vegetation and livestock, chemical manufacturing, meals education in addition to many different uses. Water tank parameters include the overall layout of the tank, and preference of production materials, linings. Various materials are used for creating a water tank: plastics (polyethylene, polypropylene), fiberglass, concrete, stone, steel (welded or bolted, carbon, or stainless). Water tanks are a green way to assist developing nations to save clean water. Safe drinking water is one of the fundamental factors for people to maintain a healthy life. Reinforced concrete overhead water tanks are broadly used to provide secure drinking water. Most water supply systems in developing nations, along with Ghana, wherein urbanizing is growing day through the day, depending upon overhead garage tanks and consequently, there may be a want to construct more water tanks. Now while the tanks are established it needs to be cleaned at normal periods to make certain the water is in shape for ingesting.

Water tanks are used to provide storage of water for use in many applications, drinking water, irrigation agriculture, fire suppression, agricultural farming, both for plants and livestock, chemical manufacturing, food preparation as well as many other uses. Water tank parameters include the general design of the tank, and choice of construction materials, linings. Various materials are used for making a water tank Earthen pot, such as matki used in South Asia, can also be used for water storage. Water tanks are an efficient way to help developing countries to store clean water.

1.1 BACKGROUND OF RESEARCH

In recent studies it has been found that no automation-based machine used in cleaning of overhead tank. This is because of the irregular shape and various heights of the tank locations. With previous survey made an attempt to make a machine by automation process for cleaning tank. An alternate solution has made a plan to solve this problem. In Ghana, the usage of Sintex tanks by the people is approximately 62% After studies made the information that have faced a lot of difficulties like continuous work in the dirty places, irregular payment and other various reasons. Continuous work and irregular payment may also be the major reason for this attempt. So we came to a conclusion that cleaning the overhead tank using automation process can be useful to solve all these problems. In this case, machine has the capability to clean the tank easily and quickly. Designing of our machine is based on the survey report conducted.

Automatic cleaning of the water tank saves time and money. If you are cleaning your tanks manually or using the fill and empty method, you may be surprised at how much you can save through automation. Automated tank cleaning is best suited for apartment complexes and businesses or buildings installed with large water tanks. Nowadays, professionals and companies working with automatic tank cleaning equipment arrive at their doors with their equipment to clean the water tanks in a few hours. The advantage of automated tank cleaning equipment is that it saves you time. In addition, you do not need to enter the water tank to clean it. Companies that offer automatic tank cleaning equipment usually offer a demonstration of their products that allows them to choose the right product they need for tank cleaning. Selection of the appropriate tank cleaning nozzle allows for efficient cleaning. Be sure to use the filter to prevent particles in the liquid from clogging the nozzles or stopping their rotation. The process of automatic tank cleaning begins with the cleaning of the manhole and dirt, mud and surrounding algae. Then, using a special high-pressure jet wall, all interiors are cleaned. Dirt and sludge are removed using a vacuum pump and an industrial pump. After cleaning the water tank, the water tank is disinfected using chlorine or antibacterial agents. Some professional cleaning service providers use the UV radiator to kill the remaining bacteria. The cleaning process ends with the residual chlorine test left in the tank. Reasons for cleaning overhead water tanks: waterborne internal diseases, skin diseases, foul odor, bad taste, different color

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1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

Every day we use the tank water for brushing and bathing, for cleaning and moping, for washing clothes and in other household application. With the passage of time, sediments, scale and bacteria, green algae get deposited on the walls, ceiling and floor of the water tank.

1.3 AIM OF RESEARCH

The aim of this project is to develop a mechanical system for cleaning domestic water tanks.

1.3.1 Objectives of the Research

The main objective of this project is to develop an automated water tank cleaner using rotating brushes with less time and human effort.

1.4 SCOPE OF STUDY

This project involves the design and construction of an efficient, automated poly tank cleaner intended for residential and small commercial water storage tanks. The cleaning system aims to address issues such as algae, sediment buildup, and microbial contamination that typically accumulate over time, affecting water quality and potentially causing blockages.

1.5 ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT??

?????????????? Easy Cleaning??

?????????????? No Manual Effort Needed??

?????????????? Fast Board Cleaning??

1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT??

The "Design and Construction of a Poly Tank Cleaner" project holds substantial significance in terms of public health, water conservation, environmental sustainability, and operational efficiency. Below are the key areas of impact:

1. Improved Water Quality and Public Health

?? - Reduction of Contaminants: Water storage tanks, especially poly tanks, often accumulate contaminants such as algae, sediment, and microbial growth, leading to water quality degradation. A dedicated cleaning solution will help reduce these contaminants, ensuring cleaner, safer water for drinking and household use.

?? - Prevention of Waterborne Illnesses: Algae and microbial contamination in storage tanks can lead to waterborne diseases. By providing a cleaner that effectively removes these contaminants, the project contributes to healthier living conditions, especially in areas dependent on stored water.

2. Enhanced Water Storage Efficiency

?? - Consistent Water Flow: Sediment build-up at the tank base can clog pipes and affect water flow. Regular cleaning ensures unobstructed flow, reducing maintenance costs and downtime.

?? - Extended Tank Lifespan: By removing deposits and corrosive build-up, the cleaner will help preserve the structural integrity of poly tanks, extending their lifespan and preventing frequent replacements.

3. Cost-Effective and Accessible Cleaning Solution

?? -Reduced Dependence on Manual Cleaning: Currently, many tank owners rely on manual cleaning, which is labour-intensive, costly, and sometimes impractical for larger tanks. An automated cleaning device offers a cost-effective alternative that can be operated with minimal labour, making it accessible for a wide range of users.

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.0 INTRODUCTION

This section presents the critical analysis of existing literature which is relevant to overhead water tank cleaning system and its mechanisms.? Though, the literature consists of a lot many research contributions, but, here, we have analysed around eight research and review papers.? The existing approaches are categorized based on the basic concepts involved in the mechanisms. The emphasis is on the concepts used by the concerned authors, the database used for experimentations and the performance evaluation parameters. Their claims are also highlighted. Finally, the findings are summarized related to the studied and analysed research papers.? Section concludes with the motivation behind identified problem.

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2.1 Automatic Overhead Water Tank Cleaning System: A Review and an Approach

January 2018 By Rohit R. Dabhade

The mechanical system includes two main mechanisms which are rack and pinion gear mechanism and reciprocating four bar linkage mechanism. The rack and pinion arrangement is used to move whole mechanical system up and down for cleaning the cylindrical tank. The rack is fixed on the motor and the four-bar mechanism is attached to the motor shaft. PVC brushes are attached to the ends of the four-bar linkage. Four bar linkage is made in such a way that it can be adjusted according to inside diameter of the tank. When the motor is started the linkage rotates and with the help of brushes, cleaning of wall and base of tank takes place. The purpose of this project is to reduce the human efforts and to avoid the chemical influence on health of person entering the tank for cleaning. In this modern world, cleaning of overhead tanks manually is a tedious job. To overcome this, we have aimed at tackling the disadvantages of cleaning overhead tanks, so an automatic system overhead tank cleaning is designed to provide high safety, high efficiency, less time for cleaning and to avoid environmental pollution problems. Purpose of this paper is to clean domestic cylindrical water tank with the help of mechatronics system. The mechatronics system consists of a grooved gear rod attached to two arms with brushes at ends. The two arms are connected to the gear rod by nut. By rotating the gear rod, the up and down motion of the two arms is achieved. The gear rod is rotated with the help of a D.C gear motor. The main grooved shaft is powered by an A.C motor. The motor and the shaft are connected by a rubber belt. The clockwise rotation of the main shaft will make the arms move and vice versa. The whole operation is controlled by a circuit consisting of relay switches, buttons, and PIC microcontroller. The number of times for the operation to repeat can be fed into the circuit. The achievement of this project is reduction of cost and Manual scrubbing in which wall and floor of tank are scrubbed to remove dirt, sediments, fungus and stains, but this method is more tedious and time consuming. The water tank can also be cleaned by using chemicals to remove the dirt and sediments. The chemicals used may affect the human health. Pressurized water can be sprayed on the walls of the tank which will remove the dirt from the tank surface. These methods are time consuming and require more efforts for cleaning. To find such an approach, there is need of studying the existing approaches and algorithms that had already been used for automatic overhead water tank cleaning system. This motivates us for the literature review. The organization of this paper is as follows. In Section 2, systematic presentation of the literature review is done; which involves the list of the related approaches along with the summary of the related work that is more relevant to developed approach. Section 2 concludes with our findings from the literature review and motivation behind identified problems. Section 3 focuses on the manual labor because there will be harmful diseases for the person who will go inside and it will affect the health as well as the other human being who consumes water from the tank. Keywords—Water Tank Cleaning, Cylindrical water tank, four bar linkage, motor shaft, rack and pinion, PVC brush

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2.2 “Design and Fabrication of Automatic Water Tank Cleaning Machine

Anirudh Ramachandran, Aravind Iyer, Shabharish Iyer,?

Vineet Mudaliyar, Siddique Ahmed

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?This project's objective is to develop a mechanical system for cleaning domestic water tanks. The mechanical system consists of two principal mechanisms that are nozzle and pressure washer mechanism. The nozzle arrangement is used for cleaning the cylindrical tank. When the motor get power the hollow shaft rotates and with the assist of nozzle, cleaning of the surface of the tank wall and base takes place. The reason for this project is to decrease the human efforts and to keep away from the chemical impacts on the person who is entering the tank for cleaning. To overcome this we've aimed toward tackling the negative aspects of cleaning overhead tanks, so an automated overhead tank cleaning system is designed to provide excessive safety, excessive efficiency, and much less time for cleaning. The reason for this paper is to clean a domestic cylindrical water tank with the help of a system. The mechanism of this system includes a hollow shaft rod connected to nozzle on it

2.3 “PVC Water Tank & Slurry Cleaning Machine

·???????? R. Chaurasiya, Paras Chamoli, and D. Singh

House hold PVC water tanks are normally 500 to 1000 L and it is very difficult to enter inside the tank and sometimes hazardous also for cleaning the surface. So a need for a machine arises which can operated easily by a common person for cleaning the slurry and the surface of the tank without getting inside the tank. Aim of this project is to develop a mechanical system for cleaning domestic cylindrical water tank. When the motor is started the linkage rotates and with the help of brushes, cleaning of wall and base of tank takes place. The purpose of this project is to reduce the human efforts and to avoid the chemical influence on health of person entering the tank for cleaning.

2.4 Design & Fabrication of Water Tank Cleaning Machine

·???????? Y. Chaudhar

Purpose of this project is to clean domestic cylindrical water tank with the help of mechanical system. This mechanical system consists of wiper motor, chain, sprocket, shaft, bearing, PVC brush. In this assembly open chain is welded to the square pipe and at the end of square pipe wiper motor is attached. The square chain welded square pipe is up and down with help of sprocket rotating with hand with the help of shaft rotating by hand with handle. The shaft is supported on the base with two pedestal bearing. Brush assembly is attached to the motor shaft

2.5 nbsp;SEMI-AUTOMATIC DRAIN FOR SEWAGE WATER TREATMENT OF FLOATING MATERIALS - L. GaneshU.

In this research paper the proposed concept is to replace the manual work in drainage cleaning by mechanical drain cleaner. Now-a-days even though mechanical drainage plays a vital role in all industrial applications in the proper disposal of sewages from industries and commercials are still a challenging task. Drainage pipes are using for the disposal and unfortunately sometimes there may be loss of human life while cleaning the blockages in the drainage system. To overcome this problem and to save human life we implement a design “mechanical semi-automatic drainage water cleaner” and we designed our project to use this in efficient way to control the disposal of wastages and with regular filtration of wastages. The Drainage system cleaner is a machine which helps to protect the environment from different kinds of environmental hazards through the promotion waste management by the removal of garbage from the drainage system. These wastes when not removed end up settling in residential places where these wastes are burnt thereby causing climate change otherwise these wastes block the drainage systems thereby causing flooding.

2.6 AUTOMATED CLEANING SYSTEMS FOR WATER STORAGE TANKS

·???????? Summary: This study examines various automated cleaning technologies for water storage tanks, highlighting the need for regular maintenance to prevent microbial growth and sediment accumulation. The research focuses on methods such as robotic cleaners and rotating brush systems, evaluating their effectiveness in removing different types of contaminants. It emphasizes the challenges of designing compact, cost-effective systems that can clean diverse tank shapes and sizes.

·???????? Key Insights: Automated cleaning systems can significantly reduce manual labor and water usage, though cost and maintenance remain challenges. The study's insights help inform design choices for the poly tank cleaner by identifying effective cleaning mechanisms and highlighting potential issues related to scalability and power requirements.

2.7 IMPACT OF ALGAE AND BIOFILM ON WATER QUALITY IN STORAGE TANKS

·???????? Summary: This research explores how algae and biofilms contribute to water contamination in poly tanks and other water storage systems. The study reviews the biological mechanisms of algae growth, the formation of biofilms, and their effects on water quality and tank integrity. It suggests regular cleaning as a preventive measure, particularly in areas with warm climates, where algae growth is accelerated.

·???????? Key Insights: The findings underscore the need for a cleaning device that can target biofilms and algae on tank walls. This study supports the importance of designing a poly tank cleaner that incorporates brushes or scrubbing mechanisms capable of effectively removing these organic contaminants.

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2.8 ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH IMPACTS OF UNCLEANED POLY TANKS IN RESIDENTIAL AREAS

Summary: This literature review investigates the environmental and health risks associated with uncleaned water tanks, focusing on sediment accumulation and microbial growth. It highlights case studies where poor water quality led to health issues, underscoring the importance of regular tank maintenance. The review also considers the environmental benefits of automated cleaning technologies in reducing water wastage.

Key Insights: By emphasizing the health risks of uncleaned tanks, the study makes a strong case for developing accessible cleaning solutions. It points out the necessity of creating a design that minimizes water waste, aligning with the project's goals of providing an eco-friendly and efficient cleaning solution for poly tanks.

2.9 INNOVATIONS IN BRUSH AND SPRAY MECHANISMS FOR TANK CLEANING APPLICATIONS

Summary: This study reviews recent innovations in brush and spray technology used in tank and pipeline cleaning applications. It analyses various brush materials, spray patterns, and their effectiveness in removing different contaminants. The research discusses the adaptability of these technologies for tanks of various sizes and materials, with a focus on durability and efficiency.

Key Insights: The research offers valuable information on effective materials and mechanisms that can be applied to poly tank cleaning. Findings on durable brush types and optimal spray configurations can help inform the design of a poly tank cleaner, ensuring it is effective for common contaminants and adaptable to different tank sizes.

2.10 CHALLENGES IN MAINTAINING SMALL-SCALE WATER STORAGE SYSTEMS IN DEVELOPING AREAS

Summary: This review examines the difficulties faced in maintaining small-scale water storage systems in developing regions, where limited resources and high labor costs make regular tank cleaning a challenge. It looks at cost-effective, low-maintenance solutions for water storage hygiene and discusses the impact of these solutions on public health and resource conservation.

Key Insights: The study highlights the importance of designing affordable, user-friendly cleaning systems that require minimal maintenance. The review supports the design objectives of the poly tank cleaner by providing insight into creating a solution that is cost-effective and accessible, particularly for regions with limited infrastructure for regular water tank maintenance.

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

3.0 INTRODUCTION

3.2 TOOLS AND COMPONENTS

This system is divided into three parts which explains the detailed explanation about the automatic water tank cleaning machine included in our proposed system. Part one includes the information about the materials and main components which are to be used in our system. Part two describes the number of materials required and the method in our system. Part three includes the methodology and working of the system.:

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3.3 GEAR MOTOR

Gear motor is used to produce high torque with low speed. Motor used has specifications as single phase 220V, 15A which produces power of 0.35 HP and frequency of 50 Hz and the shaft speed is 75 rpm

Figure 1Gear Motor

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Depending on the number and type of gears, different combinations of output RPM and torque can be achieved. With fewer gears, the result is higher RPM and lower torque and vice versa. It can be mounted in any position.??

The gear motor structure regulates whether the gear motor is suitable for light, medium or heavy loads and short or long operating periods. Depending on the internal gear structure and the reduction stages, the gear motor varies the speed on the output shaft. The reduction ratio is the ratio between the input speed and the output speed; therefore, it is one of the most important characteristic values of the gearbox. The power and load capacity of a gearbox depends on the maximum torque it is capable of transmitting and it is measured in the physical unit Newton meter [Nm].

3.3.1 RACK AND PINION

A rack and pinion is a type of linear actuator that comprises a pair of gears which converts rotational motion into linear motion. A circular gear called “the pinion” engages teeth on a linear “gear” bar called “the rack”. Rotational motion applied to the pinion causes the rack to move relative to pinion. Thus, the motor attached to the rack is moved in vertical direction along the guide way with the help of handle attached to the pinion.

Figure 2: Rack and Pinion

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3.4 SHAFT

The main component in most rotating equipment is the motor shaft. A shaft is a mechanical section for rotating and converting torque. The size of the shaft significantly affects the torque in these devices. Therefore, precise modelling and prototyping of shafts are essential for all applications.

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Shaft made up of mild steel of diameter 15mm is used to transmit rotary motion from motor to the four-bar linkage. Holes provided on the shaft, adjust the four-bar linkage according to the diameter of the tank

In addition to the need to mount the rotor and a variety of attachments, the model of the motor shaft is based on the cooling concept selection of the electric device.

Especially with more electric motors and thus longer and larger motor shafts, a hollow shaft enables the new model cases to have both a lightweight construction and a cooling system.

Figure 3: Motor shaft

3.4.1 Brush

The brushes are made up of Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) polymer. Brushes attached to the ends of four bar linkage revolve due to rotation of motor shaft to clean the inner surface of the tank

Figure 4: Brushes

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3.5 SELECTION OF MATERIALS

The machine setup is considered. The rows and columns of the machine are of mild steel material. The DC Motor are used to move the shaft from starting to end position of the brushes and the brushes rotates continuously based on the input power which it receives from the AC Motor to clean the overhead tank. The two types of rotary brushes are used to clean the overhead tank in horizontal and vertical positions. A shaft is used to hold the brushes in side view and bottom positions in which the adjustable springs with tension are used in between the brushes to adjust the size of the side view brushes as per the tank’s space requirement. The 0.25 horse power electrical type single phase Ac motor is used to run the machine. The up and down motion of the shaft can be controlled with help of the microcontroller. The Microcontroller is used to set the total number of rotary motions of the shaft which is used rotate the brushes at the two ends of the machine. It is operated in a supply voltage range of (0-12) V ac. The vertical shaft is about length of 3.5 feet and the horizontal shaft is about length of 3 feet which is eight in number. The setup stand is made up of mild steel such that all the components are easily made to fix upon it. A series of brushes are placed in shaft of the rotor in which the pulley gives the required speed, such that the distance between each brush from centre is exactly 40cm.

3.6 SELECTION OF MOTOR

Two motors are used in the machine. The 0.25 horse power electrical type single phase Ac motor is used to run the rotatory brushes. Another 12V horse power DC motor is connected to the shaft to run the brushes and it is connected to the connecting rod to transfer the rotary motion into linear motion by means of reciprocating motion is achieved. This is used for up and down motion of the shaft which is the last step carried in the machine.

The mechanism used is spring compression mechanism.?

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3.6.1 SELECTION OF SPRINGS

A spring is an elastic object used to store mechanical energy. Springs are usually made out of spring steel. There are a large number of spring designs; in everyday usage the term often refers to coil springs. Small springs can be wound from pre-hardened stock, while larger ones are made from annealed steel and hardened after fabrication. Some non-ferrous metals are also used including phosphor bronze and titanium for parts requiring corrosion resistance and beryllium copper for springs carrying electrical current (because of its low electrical resistance).When a coil spring is compressed or stretched slightly from rest, the force it exerts is approximately proportional to its change in length (this approximation breaks down for larger deflections). The rate or spring constant of a spring is the change in the force it exerts, divided by the change in deflection of the spring. That is, it is the gradient of the force versus deflection curve. An extension or compression spring has units of force divided by distance, for example lbf/in or N/m. Torsion springs have units of torque divided by angle, such as N? m/rad or ft? lbf/degree. The inverse of spring rate is compliance, that is: if a spring has a rate of 10 N/mm, it has a compliance of 0.1 mm/N. The stiffness (or rate) of springs in parallel is additive, as is the compliance of springs in series.

3.6.2 Selection of Screw

A screw is a mechanism that converts rotational motion to linear motion, and a torque (rotational force) to a linear force. It is one of the six classical simple machines. The most common form consists of cylindrical shaft with helical grooves or ridges called threads around the outside. The screw passes through a hole in another object or medium, with threads on the inside of the hole that mesh with the screw's threads. When the shaft of the screw is rotated relative to the stationary threads the screw moves along its axis relative to the medium surrounding it for example rotating a wood screw forces it into wood. In screw mechanisms, either the screw shaft can rotate through a threaded hole in a stationary object, or a threaded collar such as a nut can rotate stationary screw shaft. Geometrically, a screw can be viewed as a narrow-inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder.

3.6.3 Selection of Nut

A nut is a type of fastener with a threaded hole. Nuts are almost always used in conjunction with a mating bolt to fasten two or more parts together. The two partners are kept together by a combination of their threads' friction, a slight stretching of the bolt, and compression of the parts to be held together. The most common shape is hexagonal, for similar reasons as the bolt head - 6 sides give a good granularity of angles for a tool to approach from (good in tight spots), but more (and smaller) corners would be vulnerable to being rounded off. It takes only 1/6th of a rotation to obtain the next side of the hexagon and grip is optimal. However polygons with more than 6 sides do not give the requisite grip and polygons with fewer than 6 sides take more time to be given a complete rotation. Other specialized shapes exist for certain needs, such as wingnuts for finger adjustment and captive nuts (e.g. cage nuts) for inaccessible area.? A wide variety of nuts exists, from household hardware versions to specialized industry-specific designs that are engineered to meet various technical standards. Fasteners used in automotive, engineering, and industrial applications usually need to be tightened to a specific torque setting, using a torque wrench. Nuts are graded with strength ratings compatible with their respective bolts.

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3.6 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE SYSTEM

Figure 5: Block Diagram of the System

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3.7 DESIGN

Figure 6: Automatic overhead water tank cleaning system

CHAPTER FOUR

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4.1 INTRODUCTION

Chapter Four composes of the design of the system, its description, including all the components used in designing them, and its construction.?

4.2 REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATIONS

Requirement specification provides a full explanation of the behavior of the system to be designed. Requirements are grouped in different ways, covering both the functional and the non-functional requirements of the system.

4.3 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION

An animated design of the prototype has been made with the Solid works and Creo 2.1.0 version software’s. An automated tank cleaning machine is a machine used to clean the overhead tanks such those found to store the water. Tanks must be cleaned from time to time for various reasons. The main reason is to clean the tank is allow to gets fungus. Thus the tank is to be inspected or maintenance to be performed regularly????????????????????????????????????????

Figure 7: Design of prototypes

Figure 8: The prototype

Figure 9: Line Diagram

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4.4 FABRICATION AND TESTING

Automated tank cleaning machines work in a manner similar to a wall cleaner. A D.C motor of about 12V which runs at 60rpm is used in this project to move the side shafts up and down continuously. An AC motor of about 0.25HP which runs at 1440rpm is used for rotating the shaft at the fixed speed. The shaft is mounted on the motor in the T- shape rod. The machine is attached at the top of the tank. Then the brushes are mounted at the three ends of the shaft through a surface of the tank. A PIC Microcontroller and LCD display Timer is used to set the number of rotation times of brushes and movement of shaft.?

Welding is fabrication or sculptural process that joins materials, usually metals or thermoplastics, by causing fusion, which is distinct from lower temperature metal-joining techniques such as brazing and soldering, which do not melt the base metal. In addition to melting the base metal, a filler material is typically added to the joint to form a pool of molten material that cools to form a joint that is usually stronger than the base material.

After the complete setup, the motor rotates and the brushes rotate at the surface of the tank. A spring compression is mechanism is attached between the brush and shaft. Finally, the water gets drain by the outlet of the tank. Portable water washing systems are widely used, but tanks that are cleaned frequently may have a fixed system installed.

4.5 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

An automated tank cleaning machine is a machine used to clean the overhead tanks such those found to store the water. Tanks must be cleaned from time to time for various reasons. The main reason is to clean the tank is allow to gets fungus. Thus, the tank is to be inspected or maintenance to be performed regularly.

Automated tank cleaning machines work in a manner similar to a wall cleaner. A D.C motor of about 12V which runs at 60rpm is used in this project to move the side shafts up and down continuously. An AC motor of about 0.25HP which runs at 1440rpm is used for rotating the shaft at the fixed speed. The shaft is mounted on the motor in the T- shape rod. The machine is attached at the top of the tank. Then the brushes are mounted at the three ends of the shaft through a surface of the tank. A PIC Microcontroller and LCD display Timer is used to set the number of rotation times of brushes and movement of shaft. After the complete setup, the motor rotates and the brushes rotate at the surface of the tank. A spring compression is mechanism is attached between the brush and shaft. Finally, the water gets drain by the outlet of the tank. Portable water washing systems are widely used, but tanks that are cleaned frequently may have a fixed system installed. From the graph it is verified that the power output of the floating air balloon increases exponentially as the wind speed increases. As the flow of wind is considerably high at higher altitude.

4.6 FINAL PROTOTYPE OF THE PROJECT IS DISPLAYED

The final prototype of the project is now displayed, fitted with all the necessary components that are needed to function. The prototype was thoroughly tested at this stage to ensure that it was functioning as intended.

Figure 10: The prototype 2

CHAPTER FIVE

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 INTRODUCTION

This final chapter presents the analysis and results gotten from the building of the artifact and stimulation. These include results from the stimulation with the use of the embedded software, analysis of both stimulation and actual artifact, and comparison of results of the stimulation and the outcome of the artifact, if they have both achieved the same objective.

5.2 TESTING OF COMPONENTS

Each component was thoroughly tested before and after construction to verify whether it was functioning as expected. The table below shows the components used in the project and their test conditions.

DEVICE OR COMPONENTS

TEST INSTRUMENT USED

CONDITION OF COMPONENT

GOOD

BAD

Motor

Multimeter

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Table 4: Table of Test Condition

5.3 CONCLUSION

In The water tank cleaner was used to clean the water tanks by using rotating brushes. This method was more effective and safer than the conventional methods. This method is capable to clean water tanks within less time and human efforts

Advanced model for tank cleaning system is cleaning the tanks thus making the operation user friendly. The working prototype is promising both in terms of imparting cleanliness and avoiding excess manpower. The future scope of the project is to extend it with auto feeding mechanism by which the manpower involved in feeding gets removed. Through the help of the auto feed mechanism, it is easy to clean the tanks without excess man power. The project can be even extended to increase the cleanliness of the tank by insulating the frame and other components using stainless steel.

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5.4 RECOMMENDATION

There can n number of advancements made with this project. Some are listed

Below:

? This system is user friendly and time saving also the cost is less hence it can be used in the future water tank cleaning purpose.

? In future the advance system may also be invited like the vacuum cleaner type system that can clean the tank without removing the water from the tank.?

? The system could be more compact and?? light weighted and more user-friendly and efficient by improvement in the design and using some other advance equipment.