Demystifying the Mathematics Debate in CBC: What the Framework Says

Lately, there has been a heated debate about whether Mathematics should be a compulsory subject in Kenya's Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC). Some are questioning why it is mandatory only for students in the STEM pathway, while others fear that making it optional for certain pathways may lower academic standards. But let’s take a step back and actually look at what the CBC framework says.

Mathematics in CBC: A Pathway-Based Approach

The CBC framework is designed to give learners the flexibility to pursue subjects that align with their interests, skills, and career aspirations. Unlike the old 8-4-4 system, which enforced a one-size-fits-all approach, CBC acknowledges that different career pathways require different skill sets.

In senior secondary school, students choose one of three pathways:

1. Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM)
2. Social Sciences
3. Arts and Sports Science

Mathematics is compulsory only in the STEM pathway because it directly supports fields like engineering, computer science, physics, and other technical disciplines. The CBC framework, therefore, ensures that students pursuing these subjects have a strong mathematical foundation.

Does This Mean Math Is Not Important for Everyone?

Absolutely not! Mathematics remains a critical subject, and learners in the Social Sciences and Arts pathways still have the option to take it if they choose. The difference is that these students will not be forced to take Mathematics if it does not align with their chosen career interests.

For example:

• A student who wants to pursue law or journalism may not need advanced Mathematics in their day-to-day work.
• A learner passionate about music or visual arts may find subjects like creative design, performance arts, or digital media more relevant to their future aspirations.
• Those in business studies still have access to relevant mathematical concepts, such as financial literacy and data analysis, but may not require advanced calculus or algebra.

Addressing the Concerns

Some professionals, particularly engineers, have raised concerns that making Mathematics optional for certain students could harm Kenya’s workforce in technical fields. However, the CBC framework does not discourage students from taking Mathematics—it simply allows flexibility. Learners who are inclined toward STEM careers will still take Mathematics and related subjects, ensuring that those who truly need the skills receive proper training.

Final Thoughts

The CBC framework is not lowering academic standards—it is tailoring education to meet diverse career needs. The goal is to equip students with relevant skills rather than forcing them into a rigid system. So, let’s stop the misinformation: Mathematics is still a core subject, but it is strategically compulsory where it matters most.

As Kenya transitions fully into CBC, it’s important to understand the intent behind these curriculum changes. Education should empower learners, not confine them. And for those passionate about Mathematics? The doors remain wide open!