Demystifying the Drilling Process for Diaphragm Walls
Introduction
Diaphragm walls play a crucial role in modern construction, providing stability and support for large-scale infrastructure projects. In this article, we delve into the intricacies of the drilling process for diaphragm walls, shedding light on the steps involved, material management, and the critical role of bentonite.
1. Preparation and Setup
Before the drilling begins, meticulous preparation is essential. Here's what happens during this stage:
- Panel Preparation: Heavy-duty grab machines excavate the panel to the required depth (approximately 3 meters). The goal is to create a clean excavation area.
- Bentonite Withdrawal: Bentonite, a clay-based drilling fluid, is mixed with soil (waste bentonite). A mud pump efficiently removes this mixture from the excavation area.
2. Bentonite Management
Bentonite, often called "the blood of diaphragm walls," plays a vital role. Here's how it's managed:
- Bentonite Feed: A connection is established between the bentonite plant and the drilling site. This ensures a steady supply of bentonite for the panel.
3. Drilling Phase
The heart of the process lies in drilling. Let's explore the key steps:
- Trench Cutter Drilling: Specialized trench cutter machines are employed for drilling the diaphragm wall. These machines create precise cuts, ensuring the integrity of the wall.
- Bentonite Extraction: As drilling progresses, a mud pump extracts the bentonite-soil mixture (waste bentonite) from the excavation area.
4. Bentonite Recycling
Sustainable practices are essential. Here's how bentonite is recycled:
- Bentonite Recovery: The mixture of bentonite and soil is collected from the drilling process.
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- Desanding Process: The mixture undergoes desanding, separating soil and other particles from the bentonite.
- Particle Filtration: Hydrocyclones and sand/gravel separation nets filter out smaller particles, leaving purified bentonite.
- Recycling Bentonite: This purified bentonite is reintroduced into the drilling process (recycled bentonite), minimizing waste.
5. Deviation Monitoring and Adjustment
Precision matters. Here's how deviations are managed:
- Continuous Monitoring: Throughout drilling, deviations in both the x and y axes are closely monitored.
- Adjustment for Inclination: If the drilling deviates beyond acceptable limits, adjustments are made using flaps or by manipulating drilling wheels. This ensures the drilled wall maintains its intended alignment.
Conclusion
The drilling process for diaphragm walls is a fascinating blend of engineering precision and sustainable practices. As we continue to build our world, understanding these intricate processes becomes ever more critical.
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