Definitions: Safety-II, Resilience Engineering, HOP, New View, Safety Differently

Definitions: Safety-II, Resilience Engineering, HOP, New View, Safety Differently

Ben Hutchinson Ben Hutchinson

Ben Hutchinson

HSE Leader / PhD Candidate

发布日期: 2024年9月10日
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A recent discussion prompted the question of what is and is not Safety-II - or really any other facet of the adaptive philosophies.

Here you'll find several extracts from the research covering definitions, key concepts and more.

Note: If I make any updates to this article then it will be via my site, not LinkedIn.


Safety-I, Safety-II, HOP, Safety Differently, New View and Safety-III**

Aven 2022. A risk science perspective on the discussion concerning Safety I, Safety II and Safety III

** 'Safety-III', per Hollnagel's original definition and conceptulisation, isn't possible.



Cooper, M. D. (2022). The Emperor has no clothes: A critique of Safety-II.



Cooper, M. D. (2022). The Emperor has no clothes: A critique of Safety-II.



Love, P. E., Matthews, J., Porter, S. R., Carey, B., & Fang, W. (2023). Quality II: A new paradigm for construction.



continued in below image


Leveson, N. (2020). Safety III: A systems approach to safety and resilience.



De Leo, F., Elia, V., Gnoni, M. G., & Tornese, F. (2023). Integrating safety-I and safety-II approaches in near miss management: A critical analysis.



De Leo, F., Elia, V., Gnoni, M. G., & Tornese, F. (2023). Integrating safety-I and safety-II approaches in near miss management: A critical analysis.


De Leo, F., Elia, V., Gnoni, M. G., & Tornese, F. (2023). Integrating safety-I and safety-II approaches in near miss management: A critical analysis.


continued below


Karanikas, N., & Zerguine, H. (2024). Are the new safety paradigms (only) about safety and sufficient to ensure it? An overview and critical commentary.



Jones, C. E., Phipps, D. L., & Ashcroft, D. M. (2018). Understanding procedural violations using Safety-I and Safety-II: The case of community pharmacies.



Schr?der-Hinrichs, J. U., Praetorius, G., Graziano, A., Kataria, A., & Baldauf, M. (2016). Introducing the concept of resilience into maritime safety. In



Le Coze, J. C. (2022). The ‘new view’of human error. Origins, ambiguities, successes and critiques.


Le Coze, J. C. (2022). The ‘new view’of human error. Origins, ambiguities, successes and critiques.



Dekker, S. (2014). Human Factors for a New Era - Second Edition. CRC Press



Hollnagel, E. 2018. Safety-I and safety-II: the past and future of safety management


Resilience Engineering

Righi, Angela Weber, Tarcisio Abreu Saurin, and Priscila Wachs. "A systematic literature review of resilience engineering: Research areas and a research agenda proposal."



Pillay, M., & Morel, G. (2020). Measuring resilience engineering: an integrative review and framework for bench-marking organisational safety.



Pillay, Manikam. "Resilience engineering: an integrative review of fundamental concepts and directions for future research in safety management."



Erik Hollnagel. From protection to resilience: Changing views on how to achieve safety. 8th International Symposium of the Australian Aviation Psychology Association, Apr 2008, Sydney, Australia. 7 p. ffhal-00614256f


Erik Hollnagel. From protection to resilience: Changing views on how to achieve safety. 8th International Symposium of the Australian Aviation Psychology Association, Apr 2008, Sydney, Australia. 7 p. ffhal-00614256f


Erik Hollnagel. From protection to resilience: Changing views on how to achieve safety. 8th International Symposium of the Australian Aviation Psychology Association, Apr 2008, Sydney, Australia. 7 p. ffhal-00614256f


Resilience


Martínez, K., & Claudio, D. (2023). Expanding Fundamental Boundaries between Resilience and Survivability in Systems Engineering: A Literature Review.


Righi, Angela Weber, Tarcisio Abreu Saurin, and Priscila Wachs. "A systematic literature review of resilience engineering: Research areas and a research agenda proposal."


Righi, Angela Weber, Tarcisio Abreu Saurin, and Priscila Wachs. "A systematic literature review of resilience engineering: Research areas and a research agenda proposal."



Pillay, Manikam. "Resilience engineering: an integrative review of fundamental concepts and directions for future research in safety management."



Martínez, K., & Claudio, D. (2023). Expanding Fundamental Boundaries between Resilience and Survivability in Systems Engineering: A Literature Review.



Mentges, A., Halekotte, L., Schneider, M., Demmer, T., & Lichte, D. (2023). A resilience glossary shaped by context: Reviewing resilience-related terms for critical infrastructures.



continued below


Mentges, A., Halekotte, L., Schneider, M., Demmer, T., & Lichte, D. (2023). A resilience glossary shaped by context: Reviewing resilience-related terms for critical infrastructures.



Anderson, J. E., Ross, A. J., Macrae, C. & Wiig, S. (2020). Defining adaptive capacity in healthcare: A new framework for researching resilient performance. Applied Ergonomics, 87, 103111. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2020.103111



Vert, M., Sharpanskykh, A., & Curran, R. (2021). Adaptive resilience of complex safety-critical sociotechnical systems: Toward a unified conceptual framework and its formalization.


continued below


Anderson, J. E., Ross, A. J., Macrae, C. & Wiig, S. (2020). Defining adaptive capacity in healthcare: A new framework for researching resilient performance. Applied Ergonomics, 87, 103111. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2020.103111


Adaptive Capacities

Salehi, V., & Veitch, B. (2020). Measuring and analyzing adaptive capacity at management levels of resilient systems.



Procedures, WAI/WAD, resilience

Anderson, J. E., & Watt, A. J. (2020). Using Safety-II and resilient healthcare principles to learn from Never Events.


Resilient Health Care

Iflaifel, M., Lim, R. H., Ryan, K., & Crowley, C. (2020). Resilient health care: a systematic review of conceptualisations, study methods and factors that develop resilience.



continued below


Tan, M. Z., Prager, G., McClelland, A., & Dark, P. (2023). Healthcare resilience: a meta-narrative systematic review and synthesis of reviews.



Anderson, J. E., Ross, A. J., Macrae, C. & Wiig, S. (2020). Defining adaptive capacity in healthcare: A new framework for researching resilient performance. Applied Ergonomics, 87, 103111. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2020.103111


Resilience Engineering Indicators & SMS


Ranasinghe, U., Jefferies, M., Davis, P., & Pillay, M. (2020). Resilience engineering indicators and safety management: A systematic review.



Penaloza, G. A., Saurin, T. A., Formoso, C. T., & Herrera, I. A. (2020). A resilience engineering perspective of safety performance measurement systems: A systematic literature review.


Penaloza, G. A., Saurin, T. A., Formoso, C. T., & Herrera, I. A. (2020). A resilience engineering perspective of safety performance measurement systems: A systematic literature review.


continued below


Pe?aloza, G. A., Saurin, T. A., & Formoso, C. T. (2020). Monitoring complexity and resilience in construction projects: The contribution of safety performance measurement systems.


Sociotechnical Systems & Complexity




Saurin, T. A., Righi, A., & Henriqson, é. (2013). Characteristics of complex socio-technical systems and guidelines for their management: the role of resilience.



Dekker, S. (2014). Human Factors for a New Era - Second Edition. CRC Press



Hollnagel, E. (2020). Synesis



Jone Fjermestad

2 个月

Absolutely brilliant if I might add????????

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Phillip Davies CEng MIChemE

Risk and Safety Consultant - Technical Safety - Risk Management - Process Safety

2 个月

Does anyone actually use any of this stuff? I work predominantly in O&G, i.e. a high hazard industry. I've heard Safety-II bandied about for years and yet I've never seen an operator adopt it. Instead it's always what these papers would refer to as Safety-I, i.e. traditional risk management.

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Susie Scott

Safety & Risk Executive | Human & Organizational Performance

2 个月

Thank you Ben - wish everyone was as generous as you!!

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David Slater

We're all learning!

2 个月

Disappointed you omitted mine - have I said something wrong? David

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Le?nidas Brasileiro

Gerente Sênior de Saúde, Seguran?a do Trabalho e Meio Ambiente | SSMA | ESG | EHS | HSE | Seguran?a de Processos (SEPRO) | Engenharia de Resiliência | Fatores Humanos | Gest?o de Riscos

2 个月

Wow! Awesome, Ben Hutchinson ! I recognize many authors from my own research for my Master's thesis, soon to be defended. That says I'm on the right path. Other than that, having such rich summary is helpful to all Safety community. Once again, thanks a lot for your efforts.

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