Day 4: Python Numbers – Int, Float, Complex, Type Conversion, and Random Numbers
Boy: Monk, I've been wondering, Python can handle numbers, right? But there’s got to be more to it than just adding 1 + 1. ??
Monk: Oh, young one, numbers are the heartbeat of programming! In Python, numbers come in different forms: integers, floating-point numbers, complex numbers, and even random numbers. Today, we'll explore them all. Ready?
Boy: Let's do it! ??
---
1. Integer (int)
Monk: Let’s start simple—an integer is just a whole number, no decimal points.
?
```python
x = 5
y = -123
```
?
Monk: In Python, integers can be positive, negative, or zero. There’s no limit to how big they can get!
Boy: So, Python can handle huge numbers, like counting all the stars in the sky? ??
Monk: Exactly!
---
2. Floating Point (float)
Monk: Next, we have floating-point numbers—numbers with decimal points. These are useful when you need precision, like measuring the exact distance between two stars. ??
?
```python
x = 5.5
y = -123.456
```
?
Boy: So, floats are like precise measurements!
---
3. Complex Numbers
Boy: But what if I want to deal with complex numbers, like the square root of -1? ??
Monk: Ah, Python has you covered! Complex numbers are written with a real part and an imaginary part, where the imaginary part is written with a j.
?
```python
z = 3 + 5j
```
Boy: Wait, I can handle imaginary numbers in Python? This feels like magic! ??♂?
Monk: Indeed! Complex numbers are great for advanced mathematics.
---
4. Type Conversion
Boy: But what if I want to change a number from one type to another? ??
Monk: Easy! Python allows type conversion between integers, floats, and strings using these functions:
?
- int() for converting to an integer
- float() for converting to a floating-point number
- complex() for converting to a complex number
?
Monk: Here’s how you can do it:
?
领英推荐
```python
x = 1.5? # float
y = int(x)? # y is now 1 (int)
?
z = 3? # int
w = float(z)? # w is now 3.0 (float)
```
Boy: So, I can convert between types whenever I need. That’s super flexible! ??
---
5. Random Numbers
Boy: I’ve heard Python can also generate random numbers. Is that true? ??
Monk: Absolutely! Python has a built-in random module for generating random numbers, which is perfect for games, simulations, or even picking your next adventure!
?
```python
import random
print(random.randint(1, 10))? # Random number between 1 and 10
```
Boy: So, it’s like rolling a dice in Python! Awesome for when I can’t decide what snack to eat. ????
---
Examples of Numbers in Action
Boy: Monk, can you show me how these different numbers work together?
Monk: Of course! Here’s a quick example using all the number types we’ve discussed:
?
```python
# Integers
a = 10
?
# Floating-point numbers
b = 10.5
?
# Complex numbers
c = 2 + 3j
?
# Type conversion
x = float(a)? # Convert int to float
?
?
# Generate a random number
import random
random_number = random.randint(1, 100)
print(random_number)
```
---
Boy: So, Python can handle all kinds of numbers—whole, decimal, complex, and even random! It’s like I have a full toolkit for any kind of math I want to do. ??
Monk: Exactly! Numbers are foundational in programming, and mastering them will open the door to solving more complex problems. Next, we’ll dive into strings—Python’s way of handling text.
Boy: Awesome! Can’t wait! ??
Congratulations on achieving the new progress Eshwar kumar! Your dedication and hard work are truly paying off. Keep pushing boundaries and reaching for new heights! ??