Dark matter as space restrained from expanding
v. 5 n. 49
This continues earlier discussions. [1][2] On the large scale, space is observed to be undergoing accelerated expansion. This expansion appears to stop between the clusters of galaxies and galactic supercluster scales. Why?
In order for space to expand in this way, it must have energy; if it has energy, it has mass (E=mc^2); if it has mass, it has inertia. But inertia is the tendency of mass to resist being accelerated. The curious thing about this space is that it is both the means of acceleration and the tendency to resist this acceleration. It is doing two things at the same time, and these opposing tendencies show up between the clusters of galaxies and galactic supercluster scale as a "stalling out" or tendency to do neither, as though it is on strike trying to obey conflicting orders.
The space of clusters of galaxies and below might want to expand along with the rest of the Universe, but it is imbedded in an environment with greater inertia than it has, and is fenced in, so to speak; there is more space (mass) outside the cluster than within to resist this proposed tendency to want to expand.
If the space beyond clusters of galaxies (mass) did not exist, the galaxies within the cluster might separate due to absence of this constraint. This tendency might be an expression of "dark matter." Such dark matter would be the potential energy in the space among clusters of galaxies that has been unrestrained in this hypothetical instance.
The following relation was shown to be scale-invariant from the galactic scale and above,
m/r^2 = A/G
where m is the total mass-energy (visible, dark energy and dark matter) within a sufficiently large volume of radius r, and A is the acceleration of the local galactic supercluster, which is about that of the Universe at large.
Applying this relation to The Local Group (see cover image), dark matter is calculated to extend slightly beyond the visible matter of the cluster. [Note 1] [3]
Curiously, even though this relation was derived at the galactic supercluster scale, where space is observed to be expanding, it also seems to hold below that scale, where space is not expanding. At large scales (galactic superclusters and above) the radii, r, are lengthening with time, and at smaller scales (clusters of galaxies and below) the radii remain constant. Yet, the equation seems to hold in both cases.
This dual character of the parameter r could be troubling. Why should a relation that was derived in expanding space be applicable in a space that is not expanding?
The answer could be because small-scale space is constrained from expanding by the inertia of the large-scale space it is imbedded in, and could expand if this restraint was removed.
Small scale, dark matter, restraint, potential energy. Large scale, dark energy, expansion, kinetic energy. Different scales, different conditions, with the law of conservation of energy holding from small-scale space through null space to large-scale space.
All this variation in "simple" space because space itself has inertia that reacts on itself given enough space, as ocean waves react on one another. This self-reaction is also a characteristic of gravity on which the above equation is based, and as gravity being non-renormalizable in quantum physics. But instead of the mathematical/theoretical physics terminology of renormalizability, the classical terminology of the 'inertia of space" is employed to hopefully provide insight into dark matter, dark energy and an intuitive grasp of the nature of gravity, i.e., gravity proposed as the expansion and contraction of space such that energy is conserved.
The above equation was just extended to the Solar system scale. [4]
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[Note 1] Cluster of galaxies scale (The Local Group), where total mass is about 5.27 x 10^12 Solar masses (including dark matter)
r?≈ 3.4 x 10^22 meters;?..............................(prediction)
while r ≈ 2.96 x 10^22 meters visible radius, so that dark matter appears just above the visible size at this scale. [3]
Related articles:
First and second articles of the Newsletter format, (2) Is matter made from space? | LinkedIn
Image caption: The Local Group: cluster of galaxies dominated by the Milky Way and Andromeda that do not take part in the Hubble expansion,
Particle Physics Engineer, Author, Producer :: massquerade.com
4 个月In debate, we must define our terms. Let me list those related to cosmology. 1) Space: A 'box' of hypothetical yet unknown size measured as a volume of invariable sized 'cubes' large enough to more than contain the entire Universe. 2) Cosmos: The 'Universe' regarded as an orderly, harmonious whole in constant motion and variation of size within all of space. 3) Light-Year: The distance Photons of any frequency travel during a period of 365.25 Earth Days as a precisely verifiable distance using something other than 'Light' as a measuring tool. 4) Ether: Maxwell: Light consists in transverse undulations of the same medium (Ether) which is the cause of Electric and Magnetic Phenomena. 5) Speed of Light (Instantaneous Velocity): The Asymptotic Speed of Light as controlled by the density of the Ether through which the 'light' passes. 6) Gravity: A property of 'Gravitational Fields' which provides acceleration of all Photons from less dense Ether toward more dense Ether. 7) Mass and Matter: Conglomerates of sub-atomic particles. 8) Dark Matter: Densifications OR Waves of Massless Ether found in the core of all 'massive' particles and present in any massless space. 9) Time: A contrivance of change. massquerade.com #PhotonAction
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4 个月I woke up inspired again by this post. I keep thinking about it. Here’s my latest: https://www.dhirubhai.net/posts/clarke_paradox-manifested-consciousness-activity-7222183945616965632-xWLM?utm_source=share&utm_medium=member_ios
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4 个月thanks for sharing the temperature of dark matter and temperatures of solid matter how does this affect?
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4 个月Bill stone services ltd https://bit.ly/billstoneservicesltd
Particle Physics Engineer, Author, Producer :: massquerade.com
4 个月Great discussion. I believe in a constant cubic grid of spacial dimensions. Empty space is 6E+12 MILES for every "thought to be Light year" of distance. If Light is travelling faster or slower in this invariable distance of "One Light Year of empty space", it is not space that has changed but rather it is our measuring tool, "the speed of Light" which has changed due to changes in the density of the Ether which controls "The Speed of Light". Long story short, we cannot assume the distance between two stars is changed just because we might put some mass, matter or dark matter in between the two stars. We should assume the added matter affects the density of the Ether and thus our yardstick, the Speed of Light in the invariable space between the stars. Space is invsriable but the "Speed of Light" can vary considerably within a given 'space'. Once the gravitational properties of the added mass have spread at the speed of light, the two stars will finally feel the additional attraction and move appropriately toward each other with the added attraction of the additonal mass in the space between them. This would seem to be the simplest way to desribe what happens at interstellar distances.