CVE-2023-5129: WebP Image Format Vulnerability

Description:

With a specially crafted WebP lossless file, libwebp may write data out of bounds to the heap. The ReadHuffmanCodes() function allocates the HuffmanCode buffer with a size that comes from an array of precomputed sizes: kTableSize. The color_cache_bits value defines which size to use. The kTableSize array only takes into account sizes for 8-bit first-level table lookups but not second-level table lookups. libwebp allows codes that are up to 15-bit (MAX_ALLOWED_CODE_LENGTH). When BuildHuffmanTable() attempts to fill the second-level tables, it may write data out-of-bounds. The out-of-bounds write to the undersized array happens in ReplicateValue.

WebP is a modern image format that provides superior lossless and lossy compression for images on the web. Using WebP, webmasters and web developers can create smaller, richer images that make the web faster.

Key Features:

• WebP lossless images are 26% smaller in size compared to PNGs and 25-34% smaller than comparable JPEG images at equivalent SSIM quality index.
• Includes the lightweight encoding and decoding library libwebp.
• Command line tools cwebp and dwebp for converting images to and from the WebP format.
• Tools for viewing, muxing, and animating WebP images.
• Natively supported in Google Chrome, Safari, Firefox, Edge, the Opera browser, and by many other tools and software libraries.

NIST: NVD Base Score: 8.8 HIGH

CNA (Google) Base Score: 10.0 CRITICAL

For more details, visit NIST CVE-2023-5129

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