Crucial Network Testing for 5G TDD: Ensuring Timing and Synchronization for Superior Performance

In the dynamic landscape of 5G telecommunications, timing and synchronization are critical to delivering a seamless customer experience. Timing and synchronization errors in 5G Time Division Duplex (TDD) networks can severely impair a site’s ability to maintain consistent call quality and robust data performance. The complexity and significance of these issues are underscored by insights from Sebastien Prieur, manager of RAN/mobile solutions at EXFO, a leading test company.

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Identifying Timing Issues in 5G Networks

Prieur explains that the problems caused by timing issues are akin to those resulting from RF interference or Passive Intermodulation (PIM) interference. A site facing timing issues might initially present as a Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) problem, leading to customer complaints about performance. This ambiguity can make it challenging to distinguish between timing problems and RF interference issues, as the symptoms—such as interfering cell sites, handover issues, corrupted data, slower throughput, and dropouts—are strikingly similar.

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To accurately diagnose the root cause, Prieur recommends that troubleshooting should begin with validating the site’s compliance with time-error requirements. Ensure that timing is correctly distributed across the site and that all network equipment can quickly rule out timing issues, allowing technicians to focus on more complex problems like RF interference or PIM issues. This step is crucial as it is both quick and efficient, setting a clear path for further investigation if needed.

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Bridging the Knowledge Gap in Field Operations

While operators are increasingly recognizing the importance of timing in their 5G deployments, this understanding often does not extend to the field workforce. Prieur highlights a significant gap between the engineering and planning teams and the reality faced by field technicians. There is a pressing need for comprehensive education and support for the workforce to address timing and synchronization issues effectively.

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To address this gap, operators are developing standard operating procedures that can be consistently applied in the field. These procedures aim to provide clear guidelines for testing and resolving timing issues, ensuring that field technicians are well-equipped to handle these challenges. Additionally, there is a growing emphasis on workforce education and training to enhance their understanding of timing and synchronization and how to test for them.

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Innovative Solutions for Timing Control

Prieur notes that operators are taking proactive measures to control potential timing disruptions. For instance, the primary timing protocol's sensitivity to differences in the transmit/receive paths in fiber networks has led to the increased use of bidirectional single-fiber, particularly in fronthaul networks. This approach helps control asymmetry and ensures more reliable timing distribution.

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The principles of Open RAN and modern 5G networks, which emphasize visualization, centralization, and disaggregation of network elements, are driving the need for effective timing management. As fronthaul and midhaul networks become more prevalent, timing is increasingly being distributed through these interfaces, necessitating robust solutions for maintaining synchronization.

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Field Testing and Real-World Implications

Recent field testing by EXFO in a carrier network across six different sites revealed timing issues at all locations. This finding underscores the pervasive nature of timing problems and the need for continuous monitoring and adjustment to ensure optimal network performance. Operators are realizing the necessity of revisiting and reconfiguring their timing setups to address these issues effectively.

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As the telecom industry transitions to Standalone 5G, the importance of proper timing and synchronization is set to increase. Operators are now focused on monetizing 5G, making performance a top priority. Consequently, timing issues will become more prominent, necessitating vigilant monitoring and timely interventions.

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Verveba Telecom: Delivering Advanced Network Testing Solutions

At Verveba Telecom, we understand the critical role of timing and synchronization in ensuring superior 5G network performance. Our comprehensive network testing solutions are designed to address these challenges effectively. By leveraging advanced testing technologies and methodologies, we help operators validate timing distribution, identify and resolve synchronization issues, and optimize overall network performance.

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Our solutions include detailed timing validation tests, real-time monitoring tools, and robust training programs for field technicians. With Verveba Telecom, operators can ensure their networks are configured correctly, minimizing timing-related disruptions and enhancing the customer experience.

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As the telecom industry evolves, Verveba Telecom remains committed to providing cutting-edge solutions that support operators in delivering reliable, high-performance 5G services. By addressing timing and synchronization issues proactively, we help operators stay ahead in the competitive 5G landscape, ensuring their networks are always ready to meet the demands of modern connectivity.