Crafting Foundations: A Comprehensive Guide to Brick Masonry - Unveiling the Types, Techniques, and Artistry
Brick masonry is an ancient and enduring construction technique that has stood the test of time. The art and science of building structures with bricks have evolved over centuries, yielding a variety of brick types, masonry works, and bonding patterns.
Understanding the Foundation: Types of Bricks
Burnt Clay Bricks
Burnt clay bricks are the most common and traditional type of bricks. Made from moulded clay and fired in a kiln, these bricks are known for their durability and strength. They are further classified into sub-categories based on their manufacturing processes:
a. Common Burnt Clay Bricks (Non-Engineering Bricks): These bricks are used for general construction purposes and are not specifically designed to meet high engineering requirements.
b. Facing Bricks: These bricks are carefully crafted for aesthetic purposes, with a smooth surface finish. They are commonly used for exposed brickwork in facades.
c. Engineering Bricks: Engineered for strength and durability, these bricks are often used in structural applications where high compressive strength is essential.
Sand Lime Bricks
In order to make sand lime bricks, sand, fly ash, and lime are mixed together. They are then moulded under pressure and cured in an autoclave. These bricks offer excellent strength and are resistant to atmospheric actions.
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Concrete Bricks
Concrete bricks are made from solid concrete and are known for their strength and durability. They come in various sizes and shapes and are often used in load-bearing applications.
Fly Ash Bricks
Fly ash bricks are made from the by-products of coal combustion, such as fly ash, sand, and lime. These bricks are lightweight, eco-friendly, and offer good thermal insulation.
Clay Bricks
Clay bricks are made from clay, which is moulded and fired in a kiln. They come in various colours and textures, offering versatility in design and construction.
Fire Bricks
In addition to having the ability to withstand high temperatures, fire bricks are also called refractory bricks. A fireplace, a kiln, or a furnace is usually equipped with one.