COVID-19 Open Research Dataset Challenge (CORD-19)

We Firmly believe that Machine Learning and data science play a significant role in the current COVID-19 Pandemic, and In response to that, the White House and a coalition of leading research groups have prepared the COVID-19 Open Research Dataset (CORD-19). CORD-19 is a resource of over 45,000 scholarly articles, including over 33,000 with full text, about COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, and related coronaviruses. This freely available dataset is provided to the global research community to apply recent advances in natural language processing and other Artificial intelligence techniques to generate new insights in support of the ongoing fight against this infectious disease. 

The below figures is my Contribution to the Kaggle call to action to the world's artificial intelligence experts to develop text and data mining tools that can help the medical community develop answers to the below Questions:

1. What is known about transmission, incubation, and environmental stability?
2. What do we know about COVID-19 risk factors?
3. What do we know about virus genetics, origin, and evolution?
4. What do we know about vaccines and therapeutics?
5. What do we know about non-pharmaceutical interventions?
6. What do we know about diagnostics and surveillance?
7. What has been published about medical care?
8. What has been published about information sharing and inter-sectoral collaboration?
9. What has been published about ethical and social science considerations?

we have around 40,129 Articles including around  56,590,638 Words from 3,324 Journal  published between 2006 to 2020 as below:

The Words Cloud for Most Frequent Words ( 56,590,638 Words) in Articles text body:

The Words Cloud for Most Frequent Author:

Tasks Challenging:

we will present the tasks in multiple articles, as below:

1st Task: What is known about transmission, incubation, and environmental stability?

Task Details

What is known about transmission, incubation, and environmental stability? What do we know about natural history, transmission, and diagnostics for the virus? What have we learned about infection prevention and control?

Specifically, we want to know what the literature reports about:

• Range of incubation periods for the disease in humans (and how this varies across age and health status) and how long individuals are contagious, even after recovery.
• Prevalence of asymptomatic shedding and transmission (e.g., particularly children).
• Seasonality of transmission.
• Physical science of the coronavirus (e.g., charge distribution, adhesion to hydrophilic/phobic surfaces, environmental survival to inform decontamination efforts for affected areas and provide information about viral shedding).
• Persistence and stability on a multitude of substrates and sources (e.g., nasal discharge, sputum, urine, fecal matter, blood).
• Persistence of virus on surfaces of different materials (e,g., copper, stainless steel, plastic).
• Natural history of the virus and shedding of it from an infected person
• Implementation of diagnostics and products to improve clinical processes
• Disease models, including animal models for infection, disease and transmission
• Tools and studies to monitor phenotypic change and potential adaptation of the virus
• Immune response and immunity
• Effectiveness of movement control strategies to prevent secondary transmission in health care and community settings
• Effectiveness of personal protective equipment (PPE) and its usefulness to reduce risk of transmission in health care and community settings
• Role of the environment in transmission

By applying the natural language processing and Artificial intelligence algorithms, we have filtered the most correlated articles related to the aforementioned task, you can get the complete article by clicking on the title link:

Human Coronavirus 229E Remains Infectious on Common Touch Surface Materials

 Authors: Warnes, Sarah L.; Little, Zo? R.; Keevil, C. William

Abstract: Abstract\n\nThe evolution of new and reemerging historic virulent strains of respiratory viruses from animal reservoirs is a significant threat to human health. Inefficient human-to-human transmission of zoonotic strains may initially limit the spread of transmission, but an infection may be contracted by touching contaminated surfaces. Enveloped viruses are often susceptible to environmental stresses, but the human coronaviruses responsible for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and M...

Publish Time: 2015-11-10

Journal: mBio

Personal Protective Equipment

Authors: Eyre, Andrew J.; Hick, John L.; Thorne, Craig D.

Abstract: PPE, for personal protective equipment, has become a rather common acronym in the lexicon of health care providers. The acronym has been common in fire services, emergency medical services (EMS), and the military for quite some time. Essentially, PPE helps to ensure that individuals are safe from physical hazards that they may encounter in their work environment. PPE may be used to protect workers from general environmental threats (e.g., temperature extremes and noise), specific work-re...

Publish Time: 2016-12-31

Journal: Ciottone's Disaster Medicine

Personal Protective Equipment: Protecting Health Care Providers in an Ebola Outbreak

Authors: Fischer, William A.; Weber, David J.; Wohl, David A.

Abstract: INTRODUCTION\n\nThe recent Ebola epidemic that devastated West Africa evolved within months from a regional humanitarian crisis to a global public health emergency. As of May 27, 2015, 27 ,049 cases and 11,149 deaths from Ebola were reported by the World Health Organization (WHO), an underestimate that already eclipses the numbers of infections and deaths in all previous outbreaks combined. 1 With fewer than 0.1 physicians per 10,000 people in Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea, the infection...

Publish Time: 2015-11-01

Journal: Clinical Therapeutics

Transmission of SARS and MERS coronaviruses and influenza virus in healthcare settings: the possible role of dry surface contamination q

Authors: Otter, J.A.; Donskey, C.; Yezli, S.; Douthwaite, S.; Goldenberg, S.D.; Weber, D.J.

Abstract: equipment to minimize self-contamination and to protect against inoculation of mucosal surfaces and the respiratory tract, and enhanced surface cleaning and disinfection in healthcare settings. a 2015 The Healthcare Infection Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.\n\nIntroduction\n\nA a number of viruses with pandemic potential has emerged in recent years. The 2002 emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), 2009 pandemic of H1N1 influenza, con...

Publish Time: 2016-03-31

Journal: Journal of Hospital Infection

Use of personal protective equipment to protect against respiratory infections in Pakistan: A systematic review

Authors: Chughtai, Abrar Ahmad; Khan, Wasiq

Abstract: Abstract\n\nLike other low-income countries, limited data are available on the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) in Pakistan. We conducted a systematic review of studies on PPE use for respiratory infections in healthcare settings in Pakistan. MEDLINE, Embase and Goggle Scholar were searched for clinical, epidemiological and laboratory-based studies in English, and 13 studies were included; all were observational/cross-sectional studies. The studies examined PPE use in hospital (n =...

Publish Time: 2019-08-31

Journal: Journal of Infection and Public Health

Transmission routes of respiratory viruses among humans

Authors: Kutter, Jasmin S; Spronken, Monique I; Fraaij, Pieter L; Fouchier, Ron AM; Herfst, Sander

Abstract: Introduction\n\nViral respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, representing an enormous economic and disease burden [1] . Respiratory viruses replicate in the respiratory tract from where they are subsequently shed and transmitted via respiratory secretions. They are classified in different virus families and differ in virulence and target groups. Respiratory tract infections may range from asymptomatic to acute live threating disease thereby pos...Publish Time : 2018-02-28

Journal: Current Opinion in Virology

The association between self-perceived proficiency of personal protective equipment and objective performance: An observational study during a bioterrorism simulation drill

Authors: Fogel, Itay; David, Osant; Balik, Chaya H.; Eisenkraft, Arik; Poles, Lion; Shental, Omri; Kassirer, Michael; Brosh-Nissimov, Tal

Abstract: Abstract\n\nThe recent Ebola virus disease outbreak emphasized the potential misuse of personal protective equipment (PPE) by health care workers (HCWs) during such an event. We aimed to compare selfperceived proficiency of PPE use and objective performance, and identify predictors of low compliance and PPE misuse. Methods: An observational study combined with subjective questionnaires were carried out during a bioterror simulation drill. Forty-two observers evaluated performance under PPE. ...

Publish Time: 2017-11-01

Journal: American Journal of Infection Control

Variation in health care worker removal of personal protective equipment

Authors: Zellmer, Caroline; Van Hoof, Sarah; Safdar, Nasia

Abstract: Abstract\n\nIn the current era of emerging pathogens such as Ebola virus, removal of personal protective equipment (PPE) is crucial to reduce contamination of health care workers. However, current removal practices are not well described. We undertook a systematic evaluation of health care worker removal of PPE for contact isolation to examine variation in removal procedures. Findings indicate that under usual conditions, only about half of health care workers correctly remove their PPE, and...

Publish Time: 2015-07-01

Journal: American Journal of Infection Control

Epidemiology and the Delivery of Health Care Services

Authors: Oleske, Denise M.

Abstract: Abstract\n\nAfter completing this chapter, you will be able to:1. Understand the roles and responsibilities of health care managers in infection prevention and control in health care organizations. 2. Apply epidemiologic principles to manage an outbreak of a transmissible disease in a health care setting. 3. Develop a strategy for infection prevention in a health care setting.\n\n

Publish Time: 2009-04-02

Journal: Epidemiology and the Delivery of Health Care Services

Ebola virus disease: The use of fluorescents as markers of contamination for personal protective equipment

Authors: Bell, Todd; Smoot, John; Patterson, Justin; Smalligan, Roger; Jordan, Richard

Abstract: Background\n\nAn unprecedented outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) is occurring in West Africa. In addition to the morbidity and mortality effects on the population at large, there is a significant impact on healthcare providers in the region. Although many healthcare worker exposures may occur prior to EVD being suspected and appropriate isolation implemented, exposures can occur in spite of isolation procedures and PPE use. Although there is anecdotal evidence regarding the efficacy of P...

Publish Time: 2015-12-31

Journal: IDCases

2007 guideline for isolation precautions: preventing transmission of infectious agents in health care settings

Authors: Siegel, Jane D.; Rhinehart, Emily; Jackson, Marguerite; Chiarello, Linda

Abstract: Clinical syndromes or conditions warranting additional empiric transmission-based precautions pending confirmation of diagnosis Table 3 . Infection control considerations for highpriority (CDC category A) diseases that may result from bioterrorist attacks or are considered bioterrorist threats Table 4 . Recommendations for application of Standard Precautions for the care of all patients in all health care settings Table 5 . Components of a protective environment 1. The transition of he...

Publish Time: 2007-12-31

Journal: American Journal of Infection Control

Role of the Microbial Burden in the Acquisition and Control of Healthcare Associated Infections: The Utility of Solid Copper Surfaces

Authors: Schmidt, Michael G.; Banks, Andrea L.; Salgado, Cassandra D.

Abstract: he microbes implicated in HAI and how through controlling the microbial burden of the built clinical environment it is possible to mitigate the rate of HAI acquisition. Specifically, evidence demonstrating the effectiveness of solid copper surfaces for its ability to continuously limit the concentration of bacteria found on surfaces and objects within the built environment will be reviewed in concert with a discussion of how through the mitigation of the environmental burden copper surfa...

Publish Time: 2014-07-12

Journal: Use of Biocidal Surfaces for Reduction of Healthcare Acquired Infections

High-Containment Pathogen Preparation in the Intensive Care Unit

Authors: Garibaldi, Brian T.; Chertow, Daniel S.

Abstract: Abstract\n\nPreparedness Supportive critical care High-containment pathogens Biocontainment unitProviding state-of-the-art critical care to patients with highly infectious diseases presents unique challenges to health care providers and hospitals. Specialized biocontainment units or modification of existing care environments are needed to facilitate the delivery of safe and effective high-containment care. Multidisciplinary teams, protocol development, appropriate staffing, and training opti...

Publish Time: 2017-09-30

Journal: Infectious Disease Clinics of North America

Journal Pre-proof Anaesthesia and COVID-19: infection control Anaesthesia and COVID-19: infection control

Authors: Odor, Peter M.; Neun, Maximilian; Bampoe, Sohail; Clark, Sam; Heaton, Daniel; Hoogenboom, Emilie M.; Brown, Michael; Patel, Anil; Kamming, Damon

Abstract: Abstract\n\nSARS-CoV-2 is a highly infectious virus that causes a severe acute respiratory syndrome in humans known as COVID-19.The virus is transmitted by both droplet and aerosol transmission, and requires meticulous technique to prevent transmission including respiratory precautions.Tracheal intubation is a high-risk procedure that requires a respirator, disposable gown, at least double gloves and disposable eye protection.Specific infection control measure are required for critical care,...

Publish Time: 2020-04-08

Journal: British Journal of Anaesthesia

Sustained fecal-oral human-to-human transmission following a zoonotic event

Authors: de Graaf, Miranda; Beck, Relja; Caccio, Simone M; Duim, Birgitta; Fraaij, Pieter LA; Le Guyader, Fran?oise S; Lecuit, Marc; Le Pendu, Jacques; de Wit, Emmie; Schultsz, Constance

Abstract: Problem setting\n\nIn recent years there have been many examples of pathogens crossing the species barrier and infecting humans, although the vast majority of these zoonotic events did not result in sustained human-to-human transmission [1] [2] [3] . Nevertheless, the continuing emergence of zoonotic pathogens is a cause of concern globally, especially due to the high morbidity and mortality of pathogens like MERS-CoV and A/H5N1 influenza virus [4, 5] . Humanto-human transmission of microorg...

Publish Time: 2017-02-28

Journal: Current Opinion in Virology