Counselling Skills and Techniques
Counselling is a talking therapy which enables individuals to talk about and discuss their issues with skilled professionals in a safe and comfortable environment.It is the practise of thoroughly discussing your concerns in order to either resolve them or thoroughly explore your viewpoints.The duty of a counsellor does not end with suggesting that you do this or that. Rather, they encourage you to have in-depth discussions about your problems in order to uncover the main cause.They also develop an action plan to help patients deal with problems and challenges.The following are some common formats for counselling sessions:?
1. Individual/group therapy???
2.Telephonic Conversations ??????????????????????
?3. Online Sessions
TYPES OF COUNSELLING:
1.MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELLING-
?A mental health counsellor is responsible for supporting persons who are experiencing emotional discomfort such as fear, worry, despair, frustration, and so on.People may seek mental health counselling for a variety of reasons, including: significant bereavement,?extreme anger difficulties, family issues, eating disorders, and so on.
2.CAREER COUNSELLING-
Career counselling include advising young people on their professional options and directing them down the proper path.A career counsellor evaluates your ability, personality, and interests to recommend the best job alternatives for you.
3.REHABILITATION COUNSELLING-
The rehabilitation counselling process assists people with impairments in achieving their life objectives and living a happy, independent life.It is a procedure that assists people who have emotional, physical, cognitive, and mental challenges in achieving their life goals and living a happy life.
4.RELATIONSHIP COUNSELLING-
People seek relationship counselling, often known as couples therapy, for a variety of reasons, including the desire to have a stronger relationship with their partner, challenges arising from arguments, harmful abuses, and so on.
Core counselling skills include:-
It includes attending, which entails physically orienting oneself to the patient to indicate that one is aware of the patient and that the client has your entire undivided attention.A counsellor must be a patient listener who can not only listen to but also handle the client's questions. A counsellor must thus be someone with good listening skills who pays close attention to the client and their specific needs.Methods include making eye contact, leaning forward from time to time, imitating bodily postures, and so on.Words like "tell me more" or "mmm mmm" are used to demonstrate active listening skills.
2.EMPATHY:-
Empathy is the ability to put oneself in the shoes of another person and see the situation through their eyes.It is the act of comprehending the client's perception and communicating it back to them in order to clarify and expand on their own experience and meaning.It entails communicating what the customer is experiencing and thinking in a loving and understanding manner.Nonverbal and verbal attending, paraphrasing content, and mirroring patients' sentiments are all skills related with empathy communication.
3.GENUINENESS:-
It is the counselor's ability to be oneself freely, including congruence between their outside words and inner sentiments, behaviours, and expressions. For example, if the counsellor states they are comfortable assisting the client in exploring a drug or sexual issue, but their demeanour indicates discomfort with the topic, this might create an impediment in the subsequent counselling session.
4.UNCONDITIONAL POSITIVE REGARD:-
It entails showing the client warmth and acceptance by reacting to their communications in a non-judgmental manner and using non-critical verbal and nonverbal reactions.
5.OPEN QUESTIONS:-
A questioning approach designed to help the client clarify and explore their thoughts and feelings.For an effective counselling procedure, avoid asking the client too many questions and use a mix of open-ended and closed-ended queries.
6.COUNSELOR SELF DISCLOSURE:-
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Self disclosure comprises telling personal tales, which are useful and, when used effectively, can aid in the formation of therapeutic alliances. It entails communicating with the client about personal feelings, experiences, and reactions. It should contain useful information for https://www.dhirubhai.net/redir/phishing-page?url=them%2eIn general, it is best not to self-disclose unless there is an urgent clinical need that cannot be satisfied any other way.
7.RAPPORT BUILDING SKILL:-
In counselling, rapport building is being welcoming to the client, maintaining a pleasant and courteous attitude towards them, and showing acceptance to them through nonjudgmental or non-critical verbal and nonverbal reactions.Building rapport is critical, especially during the first counselling phase.
8.MANAGING SILENCE:-
Managing silence is another skill that online counsellors may find useful in certain situations. In face-to-face sessions, a word, 'QS,' that means 'quiet support,' is also utilised and expressly taught by group leaders for group members to use, which can be translated to nonverbal ways such as nodding, smiling, and looking.
9.RESPECT FOR CONFIDENTIALITY:-
A skilled counsellor must respect confidentiality and should never share their clients' personal information with anybody without their clients' consent.
10.TRUSTWORTHINESS:-
Clients are less inclined to reveal their concerns and personal details with a counsellor unless they trust them.As a result, one must be skilled at establishing and retaining trust with clients.
11.SUMMARIZING, PARAPHRAZING AND REFLECTING:-
Summarizing ?is frequently done before the next session begins. It provides a summary of the previous session's key topics to remind the client of what was covered and to raise questions or explain anything that was misunderstood.
Paraphrasing The cognitive element of the message is selectively focused on in paraphrasing, with the client's important words and concepts relayed back to the patient in a rephrased and abbreviated manner.It shows that we are paying attention to the speaker's story and the underlying emotion. It lets the speaker know that they are being heard rather than just listened to.
Reflecting entails recognising what the client is feeling and informing them that you understand their feelings.
12.?ATTENDING-
Attending?skills?can?be?explained?with the SOLER?approach?which is a?system?of?active listening. Developed by Gerald Egan?attending?chops?include-
1.S- Stands for?sitting?squarely?and?facing?the person one is?talking?to.
2.O- Stands for?open?posture.
3.L- Stands for?leaning?forward?from?time?to time.Looking interested in the?discussion
4.E- Stands for?applicable?eye contact.It does not?mean?gaping?or?making?the person?uncomfortable, but?maintaining?positive?eye?contact
.5.R- Stands for?relaxed?body?language.
This article was written and shared as a part of my internships at Krsh Welfare Foundation