Comprehensive list of some common Git commands and their uses

Setup & Initialization

• git init: Initialize a new Git repository.
• git clone [url]: Clone an existing repository.

Branching & Merging

• git branch: List all branches in your repository.
• git branch [branch-name]: Create a new branch.
• git checkout [branch-name]: Switch to a branch.
• git checkout -b [branch-name]: Create a new branch and switch to it.
• git merge [branch-name]: Merge a branch into the active branch.
• git branch -d [branch-name]: Delete a branch.

Staging & Commit

• git status: Show the working directory status.
• git add [file]: Add a file to the staging area.
• git add .: Add all files to the staging area.
• git commit -m "[commit message]": Commit changes with a message.
• git commit -a: Commit all changes with a message.

Remote Repositories

• git remote add origin [url]: Add a remote repository.
• git remote -v: List all remote repositories.
• git push [remote] [branch]: Push a branch to a remote repository.
• git pull [remote]: Pull changes from a remote repository.
• git fetch [remote]: Fetch changes from a remote repository.

Viewing History

• git log: Show the commit history.
• git log --oneline: Show the commit history in a single line per commit.
• git log --graph --oneline: Show the commit history with a graph.

Undoing Changes

• git reset [file]: Unstage a file.
• git checkout -- [file]: Discard changes in a file.
• git revert [commit]: Create a new commit that undoes changes in a previous commit.
• git reset --hard [commit]: Reset your repository to a previous commit and discard all changes since.

Tagging

• git tag [tag-name]: Create a tag.
• git tag: List all tags.
• git show [tag]: Show information about a tag.