Components within a Turbine Assembly

Components within a Turbine Assembly

In a turbine section, the turbine turns a part of kinetic energy of the exhaust into mechanical energy thus driving the compressors. That’s what a turbine is designed to do. This procedure can consume around 60%-80% of the pressure energy out from the exhaust gas. The precise percentage of the consumption depends on the various distinguished data of the component of the whole assembly.

Inside the turbojet engine, the turbine part is generally arranged downstream of the combustion chamber, which is right behind the outlet of the combustion chamber.

The turbine unit is basically made up of two parts, the rotor and the stator.

The stator part within the turbine assembly has a lot of names, we can call is turbine nozzle vanes, turbine guide vanes, or nozzle diaphragm. Turbine nozzles are always placed between the combustion chambers and the turbine wheels. The heat will come out from the combustion chambers and will directly compact the turbine part. So the temperature must be moderated according to the material and the performance of the turbine vanes.

Typically, the turbine nozzle has two missions. The nozzles must prepare the mass air flow to drive the turbine rotor, meanwhile, the nozzles will have to deflect the airflow into a moderated direction for the turbine wheel rotation.

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The turbine inlet nozzle part will always have an inner shroud or maybe an outer shroud too, between which the nozzle vanes are fixed. The quantity, dimension and angle of the size of vanes are determined by the design of the engine.

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Some elements of the nozzle may slightly differ, there will always be certain properties to the nozzles. The nozzle vanes must be built properly to allow thermal expansion. Otherwise, there might be deformation due to radical changes in temperature, causing possible breakup during the rotation.