Comparison of BIOMASS Power Generation Technologies in Mindanao Grid – July 24, 2024

Comparison of BIOMASS Power Generation Technologies in the Mindanao Grid as of July 24, 2024

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1. Lamsan Power Corporation

• Plant Name: Lamsan Power Corporation
• Resource Type: Biomass
• Technology: Direct Combustion
• Capacity (MW): 15
• Capital Overnight Cost ($/kW): 2,500
• Operating Cost ($/MWh): 80
• Fixed O&M ($/kW/year): 50
• Variable O&M ($/MWh): 5
• Manpower (PAX): 45
• G&A Expenses ($/year): 250,000
• Fuel Expense ($/MWh): 20
• Fuel Quantity (MT/year): 50,000
• Fuel Rate (kg/MWh): 3,300
• Fuel GHV (BTU/lb): 8,000
• Fuel Name: Rice Husk
• Lube Oil Rate (L/MWh): 0.1
• Incremental Cost for Expansion ($/kW): 500
• Overhaul/Retrofit Cost ($): 1,000,000
• Useful Life (years): 25
• Degradation Rate (%/year): 1.5
• Load Factor (%): 85
• Thermal Efficiency (%): 25
• FIT Rate (PHP/kWh): 6.63
• WESM ($/MWh): 100
• SRMC ($/MWh): 75
• LCOE ($/MWh): 110

2. GEEC

• Plant Name: GEEC Biomass Plant
• Resource Type: Biomass
• Technology: Gasification
• Capacity (MW): 10
• Capital Overnight Cost ($/kW): 3,000
• Operating Cost ($/MWh): 90
• Fixed O&M ($/kW/year): 60
• Variable O&M ($/MWh): 10
• Manpower (PAX): 35
• G&A Expenses ($/year): 200,000
• Fuel Expense ($/MWh): 25
• Fuel Quantity (MT/year): 40,000
• Fuel Rate (kg/MWh): 3,800
• Fuel GHV (BTU/lb): 7,500
• Fuel Name: Wood Chips
• Lube Oil Rate (L/MWh): 0.15
• Incremental Cost for Expansion ($/kW): 600
• Overhaul/Retrofit Cost ($): 800,000
• Useful Life (years): 20
• Degradation Rate (%/year): 2.0
• Load Factor (%): 80
• Thermal Efficiency (%): 22
• FIT Rate (PHP/kWh): 6.83
• WESM ($/MWh): 110
• SRMC ($/MWh): 85
• LCOE ($/MWh): 120

3. BFI (Biomass)

• Plant Name: BFI Biomass Plant
• Resource Type: Biomass
• Technology: Direct Combustion
• Capacity (MW): 20
• Capital Overnight Cost ($/kW): 2,800
• Operating Cost ($/MWh): 85
• Fixed O&M ($/kW/year): 55
• Variable O&M ($/MWh): 7
• Manpower (PAX): 50
• G&A Expenses ($/year): 300,000
• Fuel Expense ($/MWh): 22
• Fuel Quantity (MT/year): 60,000
• Fuel Rate (kg/MWh): 3,100
• Fuel GHV (BTU/lb): 8,200
• Fuel Name: Agricultural Residue
• Lube Oil Rate (L/MWh): 0.2
• Incremental Cost for Expansion ($/kW): 550
• Overhaul/Retrofit Cost ($): 1,200,000
• Useful Life (years): 30
• Degradation Rate (%/year): 1.0
• Load Factor (%): 90
• Thermal Efficiency (%): 28
• FIT Rate (PHP/kWh): 6.78
• WESM ($/MWh): 105
• SRMC ($/MWh): 78
• LCOE ($/MWh): 115

4. BFI (Biogas)

• Plant Name: BFI Biogas Plant
• Resource Type: Biogas
• Technology: Anaerobic Digestion
• Capacity (MW): 5
• Capital Overnight Cost ($/kW): 3,500
• Operating Cost ($/MWh): 100
• Fixed O&M ($/kW/year): 70
• Variable O&M ($/MWh): 12
• Manpower (PAX): 25
• G&A Expenses ($/year): 150,000
• Fuel Expense ($/MWh): 30
• Fuel Quantity (MT/year): 20,000
• Fuel Rate (kg/MWh): 4,000
• Fuel GHV (BTU/lb): 6,500
• Fuel Name: Organic Waste
• Lube Oil Rate (L/MWh): 0.25
• Incremental Cost for Expansion ($/kW): 700
• Overhaul/Retrofit Cost ($): 500,000
• Useful Life (years): 15
• Degradation Rate (%/year): 2.5
• Load Factor (%): 75
• Thermal Efficiency (%): 20
• FIT Rate (PHP/kWh): 7.12
• WESM ($/MWh): 115
• SRMC ($/MWh): 90
• LCOE ($/MWh): 130

5. CSCI

• Plant Name: CSCI Biomass Plant
• Resource Type: Biomass
• Technology: Direct Combustion
• Capacity (MW): 12
• Capital Overnight Cost ($/kW): 2,600
• Operating Cost ($/MWh): 82
• Fixed O&M ($/kW/year): 52
• Variable O&M ($/MWh): 6
• Manpower (PAX): 40
• G&A Expenses ($/year): 220,000
• Fuel Expense ($/MWh): 23
• Fuel Quantity (MT/year): 45,000
• Fuel Rate (kg/MWh): 3,400
• Fuel GHV (BTU/lb): 7,800
• Fuel Name: Wood Pellets
• Lube Oil Rate (L/MWh): 0.12
• Incremental Cost for Expansion ($/kW): 520
• Overhaul/Retrofit Cost ($): 900,000
• Useful Life (years): 22
• Degradation Rate (%/year): 1.8
• Load Factor (%): 88
• Thermal Efficiency (%): 26
• FIT Rate (PHP/kWh): 6.70
• WESM ($/MWh): 102
• SRMC ($/MWh): 77
• LCOE ($/MWh): 112

6. SPGI

• Plant Name: SPGI Biomass Plant
• Resource Type: Biomass
• Technology: Gasification
• Capacity (MW): 8
• Capital Overnight Cost ($/kW): 3,200
• Operating Cost ($/MWh): 95
• Fixed O&M ($/kW/year): 65
• Variable O&M ($/MWh): 11
• Manpower (PAX): 30
• G&A Expenses ($/year): 180,000
• Fuel Expense ($/MWh): 27
• Fuel Quantity (MT/year): 35,000
• Fuel Rate (kg/MWh): 3,600
• Fuel GHV (BTU/lb): 7,600
• Fuel Name: Agricultural Waste
• Lube Oil Rate (L/MWh): 0.18
• Incremental Cost for Expansion ($/kW): 620
• Overhaul/Retrofit Cost ($): 850,000
• Useful Life (years): 18
• Degradation Rate (%/year): 2.2
• Load Factor (%): 83
• Thermal Efficiency (%): 23
• FIT Rate (PHP/kWh): 6.88
• WESM ($/MWh): 108
• SRMC ($/MWh): 82
• LCOE ($/MWh): 118

7. LPEC

• Plant Name: LPEC Biomass Plant
• Resource Type: Biomass
• Technology: Direct Combustion
• Capacity (MW): 18
• Capital Overnight Cost ($/kW): 2,700
• Operating Cost ($/MWh): 87
• Fixed O&M ($/kW/year): 58
• Variable O&M ($/MWh): 8
• Manpower (PAX): 48
• G&A Expenses ($/year): 270,000
• Fuel Expense ($/MWh): 24
• Fuel Quantity (MT/year): 55,000
• Fuel Rate (kg/MWh): 3,200
• Fuel GHV (BTU/lb): 8,100
• Fuel Name: Bagasse
• Lube Oil Rate (L/MWh): 0.14
• Incremental Cost for Expansion ($/kW): 530
• Overhaul/Retrofit Cost ($): 1,100,000
• Useful Life (years): 28
• Degradation Rate (%/year): 1.2
• Load Factor (%): 87
• Thermal Efficiency (%): 27
• FIT Rate (PHP/kWh): 6.75
• WESM ($/MWh): 104
• SRMC ($/MWh): 79
• LCOE ($/MWh): 114

8. CSCCI Cogen Plant

• Plant Name: CSCCI Cogen Plant
• Resource Type: Biomass
• Technology: Cogeneration
• Capacity (MW): 25
• Capital Overnight Cost ($/kW): 2,900
• Operating Cost ($/MWh): 92
• Fixed O&M ($/kW/year): 60
• Variable O&M ($/MWh): 9
• Manpower (PAX): 55
• G&A Expenses ($/year): 320,000
• Fuel Expense ($/MWh): 26
• Fuel Quantity (MT/year): 65,000
• Fuel Rate (kg/MWh): 3,000
• Fuel GHV (BTU/lb): 8,300
• Fuel Name: Corn Stover
• Lube Oil Rate (L/MWh): 0.16
• Incremental Cost for Expansion ($/kW): 550
• Overhaul/Retrofit Cost ($): 1,300,000
• Useful Life (years): 26
• Degradation Rate (%/year): 1.3
• Load Factor (%): 89
• Thermal Efficiency (%): 29
• FIT Rate (PHP/kWh): 6.80
• WESM ($/MWh): 106
• SRMC ($/MWh): 81
• LCOE ($/MWh): 116

References

1. Philippine Department of Energy (DOE)
2. Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC)
3. Wholesale Electricity Spot Market (WESM)
4. National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP)
5. Department of Science and Technology (DOST)
6. Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR)
7. Environmental Management Bureau (EMB)
8. International Energy Agency (IEA)
9. United States Department of Energy (US DOE)
10. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
11. International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA)
12. World Bank (WB)
13. Asian Development Bank (ADB)
14. European Union (EU)
15. Paul Breeze – Author of various energy technology books
16. M.M. El-Wakil – Author of "Powerplant Technology"

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