The Colour Wheel Model of Love: A Literary Voyage Through the Human Heart

The Colour Wheel Model of Love: A Literary Voyage Through the Human Heart

Love, a powerful and complex emotion, has fascinated and inspired countless works of literature throughout history. From ancient epics to modern prose, the theme of love remains a constant, compelling force that captivates both readers and writers alike. John Lee's 1973 book, The Colors of Love, offers a unique perspective on the many facets of love by comparing love styles to the colour wheel. His framework, complemented by Robert Sternberg's triangular theory of love, provides the foundation for a captivating exploration of love in English literature.

Lee's Color Wheel Model identifies three primary styles of love: Eros, Ludos, and Storge. These styles, he suggests, can be combined to create secondary love styles, similar to how colours blend. Sternberg's triangular theory of love posits that love is composed of three elements – intimacy, passion, and commitment – which, when combined, result in different types of love. With these theories as our guide, let us embark on a literary voyage through the human heart.

Eros, the first primary style, is defined by the loving of an ideal person. This passionate, magnetic love is characterized by its intensity and ardour. One can hardly discuss Eros without mentioning William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, a tale of star-crossed lovers whose whirlwind romance exemplifies this passionate love style. This powerful attraction is also evident in the works of Petrarch, whose sonnets are filled with his adoration for the idealized Laura.

The second primary style, Ludos, views love as a game. In literature, we find examples of this capricious, light-hearted love in the witty banter and playful dynamics of Shakespeare's Much Ado About Nothing. The relationship between Benedick and Beatrice embodies the Ludos spirit, as they engage in a "merry war" of words and wits. Lord Byron's poem Don Juan also showcases Ludos love through the protagonist's playful and cavalier attitude towards his romantic pursuits.

Storge, the third primary style, represents love as friendship. This enduring, nurturing love can be found in the deep bond between David and Jonathan in the Bible: "Jonathan made a covenant with David because he loved him as himself" (1 Samuel 18:3). In English literature, the friendship between Sherlock Holmes and Dr. John Watson exemplifies Storge love, as they remain steadfast companions through countless adventures.

These primary styles of love can combine to form secondary love styles. Mania, the result of Eros and Ludos, is characterized by obsessive love. Wuthering Heights by Emily Bront? is a prime example of this love style, as Heathcliff's all-consuming passion for Catherine drives him to extremes. Pragma, the combination of Ludos and Storge, reflects practical and realistic love. Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice demonstrates this love style through the eventual union of Elizabeth Bennet and Mr. Darcy, who overcome their initial prejudices to form a lasting partnership. Finally, Agape, born from the union of Eros and Storge, represents selfless love. Sydney Carton's sacrifice in Charles Dickens' A Tale of Two Cities exemplifies this love style, as he gives his life for the happiness of the woman he loves.

Sternberg's triangular theory of love further deepens our understanding?of these love styles by proposing that different combinations of intimacy, passion, and commitment lead to distinct types of love. For instance, compassionate love arises from a blend of intimacy and commitment, while passionate love is born from the union of passion and intimacy.

English literature is replete with examples that illustrate these combinations. In Charlotte Bront?'s Jane Eyre, the relationship between Jane and Mr. Rochester evolves from passionate love to compassionate love, demonstrating the importance of intimacy and commitment in their union. In contrast, the tragic love story of Tristan and Isolde, as depicted in Thomas Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur, is fueled by passion and intimacy but ultimately lacks the commitment necessary for a lasting bond.

Sternberg's ultimate expression of love, consummate love, combines intimacy, passion, and commitment. This rare and enduring love style is exemplified by the devoted relationship between Penelope and Odysseus in Homer's Odyssey. Despite years of separation and trials, their love remains steadfast and unwavering.

The exploration of love in English literature, guided by Lee's Color Wheel Model and Sternberg's triangular theory, illuminates the vast spectrum of human emotions that comprise the experience of love. As we delve into these literary works, we gain a deeper understanding of our own hearts and the complex, multifaceted nature of love. Through literature, we find solace, wisdom, and insight, revealing that love, in all its forms, remains an eternal, enigmatic force that connects us all.