Colorectal Cancer Screening: Key Insights from the American Cancer Society’s Guidelines
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, yet it is also one of the most preventable. Early detection and treatment are vital to improving survival rates, and regular screening plays a crucial role in identifying colorectal cancer before it spreads. The American Cancer Society (ACS) has provided valuable guidelines to ensure that individuals understand the importance of early detection and the best methods available for screening.
Why Regular Screening is Critical
Colorectal cancer often develops from polyps, which are abnormal growths in the colon or rectum. These polyps can take 10 to 15 years to develop into cancer, which gives screening tests a significant window to detect and remove them before cancer forms. The ACS highlights that when colorectal cancer is detected early, the 5-year survival rate is around 90%. However, only about 40% of colorectal cancers are currently being found at this early stage.
For individuals at average risk, screening can start at age 45. Unfortunately, many people remain unaware of the potential life-saving benefits of screening. About 1 in 3 adults who should get screened have never undergone any form of testing. This gap in screening may be due to a lack of awareness or concerns related to the costs or processes of the tests.
ACS Screening Recommendations for Average-Risk Individuals
The ACS provides detailed recommendations for colorectal cancer screening for people at average risk, starting at age 45 and continuing through the age of 75. The guidelines emphasize a choice between stool-based tests and visual exams, depending on individual preferences and circumstances:
Each of these tests has its own benefits and limitations, but the key takeaway is the need for regular testing. The choice of test should be guided by discussions with healthcare providers to determine the most suitable method.
Adults aged 45 to 75 should be screened annually for colorectal cancer, and those with a family history should consider starting screening earlier.
Screening for Individuals at Higher Risk
People at increased or high risk of colorectal cancer might need to start screening earlier or undergo more frequent testing. Individuals with a family history of colorectal cancer, a personal history of inflammatory bowel disease, or certain genetic syndromes, such as Lynch syndrome, are among those who should consult with their doctors about earlier screening. In these cases, colonoscopy is typically the recommended option.
The Role of Fecal Immunochemical Testing (FIT)
FIT is one of the most commonly recommended stool-based tests for colorectal cancer screening. It detects hidden blood in the stool, which may be an indication of cancer or large polyps. The advantage of FIT is that it’s non-invasive, requires no dietary restrictions, and can be easily done at home, making it an appealing choice for many individuals.
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The American Cancer Society recommends FIT annually as part of a comprehensive screening plan. If the results of a FIT test are positive, follow-up with a colonoscopy is necessary to determine the source of bleeding and assess whether cancer or polyps are present.
Overcoming Barriers to Screening
Despite the clear benefits of colorectal cancer screening, many people delay or avoid it due to concerns about cost, inconvenience, or a fear of the procedure. However, advancements in at-home testing options like the Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) make screening more accessible than ever. These tests can be completed in the privacy of your home, and many insurance plans cover the cost, making it easier for individuals to stay on top of their health.
Takeaway: Regular Screening Saves Lives
The American Cancer Society’s guidelines reinforce the importance of regular colorectal cancer screening in reducing deaths from this disease. By detecting cancer early or preventing it through the removal of precancerous polyps, screening tests offer an invaluable opportunity to protect your health.
While multiple options for screening exist, the key is to choose one that works for you and stay consistent. Whether it’s through a colonoscopy every decade or an annual FIT test, getting screened is a simple yet crucial step toward reducing your risk of colorectal cancer.
Subtle Note: For those considering a convenient, at-home option, our FDA OTC-cleared Colonox-FIT test offers a reliable way to stay proactive about your colorectal health. Regular screening can make a difference—order yours today and take control of your health.
Reference
American Cancer Society. (2020). Colorectal Cancer Early Detection, Diagnosis, and Staging. https://www.cancer.org/cancer/colon-rectal-cancer/about/key-statistics.html.
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