Coefficient of friction

• The coefficient of friction (COF) refers to the measure of friction between two surfaces in contact. It helps determine the force required to move one surface against another.
• As per the NTC Load Restraint Guide 2018, the COF plays a crucial role in securing loads during transportation.
• To determine the correct requirements for a load to be transported, a PCBU (Person Conducting a Business or Undertaking) should consider the following factors:Type of load: Different types of loads may have specific requirements for securing and restraining, such as bulk goods, liquids, or fragile items.Weight and dimensions: The weight and size of the load impact the type and number of restraints needed for secure transportation. Method of transportation: The mode of transport, be it road, rail, or sea, may have specific regulations and guidelines for load restraint. Regulatory requirements: Compliance with any relevant national, state, or local regulations governing load restraint is essential.Environmental conditions: Factors like weather conditions, temperature, and road conditions should be considered when determining load restraint requirements.
• It is crucial to document the load restraint requirements adequately to ensure understanding and compliance among the loader, driver, unloader, packer, and load manager. PCBU's can follow these steps:Create a comprehensive load restraint policy or procedure document outlining each party's responsibilities.Clearly define the specific load restraint requirements for different types of loads and transportation modes.Provide detailed instructions on the correct use of securing equipment, such as straps, chains, or gates etc.Include information on the required COF values for different surfaces and materials involved in load transportation.Ensure that the document emphasises the importance of adhering to the Load Restraint Guide.Conduct thorough training sessions or workshops to educate the personnel involved about the documented requirements.Request each responsible person to acknowledge and sign a statement confirming their understanding and compliance with the load restraint requirements.Regularly review and update the documentation to accommodate any changes in regulations, guidelines, or best practices.Keep a record of training sessions and personnel acknowledgments for reference and audit purposes.Develop a system for team members to validate the have performed loading requirements in line with the developed/agreed load restraint systems.Include in the vehicle pre-start check validation of correct load restraint equipment and ensure it is fit for purpose and fit for duty.

By following these steps, the PCBU can ensure that all involved parties understand their responsibilities and adhere to the correct load restraint requirements.

From the LRG

The static friction coefficient of loads on anti-slip load matting is usually more than 0.6. However, this may be reduced for coated products, oily surfaces or dust residue.

Refer to the LRG (2018) pages 243 - 249 for more details on this area.