CO2 for Enhanced Oil Recovery: get a brief overview of the miscible flooding by Carbon Dioxide.

¨High oil prices and concerns about future oil supply

¨Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is a group of technologies that can increase recovery from existing oil reservoirs

¨CO2 is a good flooding agent

¨The CO2 is currently discharged into the atmosphere and could be a major contributor to the greenhouse effect, which may lead to global warming.

¨Gas can also be injected in order for it to penetrate into matrix and expel the oil out. As gaseous phase is normally the nonwetting phase, the oil is recovered by the process called gas oil gravity drainage (GOGD), which occurs due to gravity difference between the fluid in fracture and matrix.

¨Nitrogen is a commonly injected gas into naturally fractured reservoirs for pressure maintenance due to availability and lower cost

¨Carbon Dioxide (CO2) has been recognized as a preferred miscible solvent for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) methods

¨Miscible flooding by CO2 has proven its positive effectiveness through numerous laboratory and field projects.

¨The minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) is independent of relative permeabilities and phases viscosities

¨Miscible flooding is a drive process by mixing injection fluid (solvent) and oil. Its main mechanism is to decrease the residual oil saturation by eliminating interfacial tension between phases.

Conclusions

Carbon dioxide production from coal-fired power plants was modeled.

It was found that the production of CO2 can become technically feasible, economically feasible and environmentally friendly

Need optimization techniques were used to search for optimal design and operating criteria for the CO2 extraction plant, more economic feasible.