Classification and Differences of Standard Flanges in Different Countries.

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Standard flanges are crucial in various industries, serving as connectors in piping systems. The classification and differences among flanges from different countries are essential to understanding seamless integration and compatibility in international projects.

Standardization ensures safety and compatibility in the vast landscape of global industries. It facilitates international trade by providing a common ground for manufacturers, suppliers, and end-users. This article delves into the classifications of standard flanges in different countries, shedding light on their unique features and applications.

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ANSI flange In the United States, ANSI (American National Standards Institute) flanges are widely used. ANSI B16.5 and ANSI B16.47 are two common standards, each with its specifications. The former is suitable for nominal pipe sizes from 1/2" to 24", while the latter covers larger sizes.

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Din flange Germany follows the DIN (Deutsches Institut für Normung) standards for flanges. DIN 2501 and DIN 2633 are notable specifications, offering precision and reliability. DIN 2501 is designed for nominal pressure ratings, while DIN 2633 focuses on welding neck flanges.

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JIS flange Japan adheres to the JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards) for flanges. JIS B2220 and JIS B2291 provide detailed specifications for different types of flanges. B2220 covers steel pipe flanges, while B2291 focuses on hydraulic fluid power-flange connections.

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BS flange British industries follow BS (British Standards) for flanges. BS 10 and BS 4504 are prominent standards, with BS 10 emphasizing nominal sizes and BS 4504 providing specifications for circular flanges.

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Australia adopts AS (Australian Standards) for flanges. AS 2129 and AS 4087 are commonly referenced standards, with AS 2129 covering table flanges and AS 4087 focusing on Class PN14 and PN16 flanges.

The difference between ANSI (American National Standards Institute) and BSPT (British Standard Pipe Thread) primarily pertains to the standards used for flange design, including aspects like bolt-hole number, size, and arrangement. However, it’s worth noting that BSPT specifically refers to the threading on pipes and not directly to flanges. When discussing flange standards in British contexts, it's usually about BS (British Standards) or BS EN (British/European Standards).

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? Standard Used: ANSI flanges are generally manufactured according to ANSI/ASME B16.5 or B16.47 standards.

? Bolt Hole Arrangement: The number of bolt holes in ANSI flanges varies depending on the flange size and the pressure class (rating). Common configurations include 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and up to 24 bolt holes.

? Usage: Predominantly used in the United States and by industries that follow American standards worldwide.

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? Standard Used: British flanges typically conform to standards such as BS 4504, BS 10, or the European EN 1092-1.

? Bolt Hole Arrangement: Similar to ANSI, the number of bolt holes in BS flanges varies with the flange diameter and the pressure rating. The configurations can be similar to ANSI's, but the distribution and sizing may vary.

? Usage: Commonly used in the United Kingdom and other places that follow British standards.

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1. Dimensional Differences: The dimensions for flanges, including the outer diameter, thickness, bolt circle diameter, and bolt hole size, can differ significantly between ANSI and BS standards.

2. Pressure Class vs Pressure Rating: ANSI flanges are categorized by classes (e.g., 150, 300, 600, etc.) representing maximum pressure in psi. BS flanges are often categorized by PN numbers (Pressure Nominale, e.g., PN10, PN16, PN25), which denote pressure capabilities in bars.

3. Interchangeability: Due to different dimensional and bolting specifications, ANSI and BS flanges are not typically interchangeable.

4. Bolt Hole Sizing and Spacing: The size and spacing of bolt holes can differ, impacting the type and size of bolts and gaskets used for each standard.